鎮(zhèn)賚蒙古族中學(xué)李丹

1、鎮(zhèn)賚縣蒙古族中學(xué) 李丹,中考語(yǔ)法精講——被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the Passive Voice),,,,A. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。,B. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,注：后面能接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)

2、詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),(一)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法:當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,be + 過(guò)去分詞,(二)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):,,有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化,(三)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): (1)把原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)提到前面作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ);(2)把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be＋過(guò)去分詞) (根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式)。 (3)把

3、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。如： They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes,,,,,in the factory.,are made,them,by,,1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are +done,[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word. A

4、. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken,,,,,2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+done,[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for,,,3.一般將來(lái)時(shí) shall/will /b

5、e going to+ be done,[3]. More man-made satellites ____ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up,,4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has /have +been done,[4]. Three bridges ____ since last year. A

6、. have built B. were built C. have been built,,5.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),can/may/must/should +be done,[5]. Flowers ____ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water,,(四)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

7、的特殊情況:,1.在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等詞,其后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式(動(dòng)詞原形),在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),必須還原動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to.如: We heard him sing this song in the room. He was heard to sing this song in the room..,2. (表示主語(yǔ)的自然屬性特征) + 副詞 (w

8、ell/ badly/easily/smoothly),常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：,read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, …,The books ____ well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold,,,The End!,Thank