四級作文寫作第3，4，5講段落的擴(kuò)展

1、1四六級作文寫作：段落的擴(kuò)展四六級作文寫作：段落的擴(kuò)展一、一、段落的組成和特征段落的組成和特征1段落的組成段落大多由三部分組成：主題句；擴(kuò)展句；結(jié)尾句。段落的構(gòu)成如下：主題句一句話來表明作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，或囊括段落內(nèi)容，突出中心詞或一個(gè)句子段落擴(kuò)展句用三五句話對段落主題進(jìn)行發(fā)揮（內(nèi)容清晰詳實(shí)，條理清楚連貫，緊扣段落主題結(jié)尾句對段落進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)與主題句相輔相成Fexample:Readingprovidesmuchpleasureinou

2、rlifemakeourlifemecolful.Frombookswe“see”thebeautiesofnatureenjoythetreasuresofart“converse”withactersinthem.Readingservestomoldthereaders’temperamentmakethemhaveeaseofmind.Whenwefeeltiredreadingahumousbookanovelalwaysma

3、kesusfeelrefreshedrelaxed.擴(kuò)展段落常用的方法擴(kuò)展段落常用的方法四六級統(tǒng)考中，作文的題材大多為論說文，適合于這中題材的段落發(fā)展方法主要有：列舉或舉例法；比較對比法；因果法等。1列舉或舉例法列舉或舉例法列舉或舉例法是段落發(fā)展的基本方法，用這種方法發(fā)展段落，首先要擺出論點(diǎn)（thetopicsentence）然后列舉一系列的論據(jù)對其進(jìn)行陳述和解釋，或用具體事例對其進(jìn)行說明。如：Peoplemayhavedifferen

4、tattitudestowardscriticism.Somepeoplewillbecomeannoyediftheyarecriticizedtheywilltrytodefendthemselvesbyallmeans.Somepeopletendtobeindifferenttocriticism.Theyjustregardcriticismasnonsense.Butstillsomepeoplethinkthatcriti

5、cismwillhelpthemrealizetheirshtcomings.常用于列舉或舉例法的過渡連接語有：fonethingfanotherfexamplefanotherexampletobeginwithfirstsecondbesidesinadditionalsostillmeoverstillanotherfinallyatlastlastly按上述方法發(fā)展成一段約見50——80詞的段落。1)Increasingyour

6、vocabularycanhelpyouinanumberofways.2)Gooddictionarycaninsomesenseserveusasateacher.2.比較比較——對比法對比法Comparisoncontrast在有的作文測試中，要求考生對兩者或三者同類的東西的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述，并發(fā)3youcantalkmefreely.Whatevercompanyyouareinyouwillfindthatyouareablet

7、oholdtheinterestofyourlisteners.Therefeyoumustenlargeyourvocabularyifyouwanttocommunicatewithothersmeeffectively.2.Travellingisakindofeducation.Fexamplevisitingplacesofhisticinterestcanenrichyourknowledgeofhisty.Inadditi

8、onwhiletravelingyoucanlearnaboutmanyfmsarchitecturesdifferentfromyourown.Inthiswayyoucanbroadenyourhizon.Finallytravelingmayofferyouanopptunitytogettoknowpeopleofdifferentcultures__theirlivescustomsbeliefsetc.sothatwemay

9、understthembetter.Nowondertravelinghasbecomememepopularalloverthewld.3.Agooddictionarycaninsomesenseservesusasateacher.Itcantellyouthewayawdispronounced.Itcanalsotellyouthemeaningmeaningsofthewd.Agooddictionaryoftenprovi

10、desthecontextinwhichthewdistested.Inadditionthereisreferencecrossreferencebywhichonewdisreferredtoanother.therephrasesofwhichthewdfmsapart.ExerciseTwo:ComparisonContrast(比較、對比法練習(xí)比較、對比法練習(xí))Menwomenareequalathomenow.Fexampl

11、ehousewksuchaswashingcookingfmerlydoneonlybythewifeissharedbythecouple.Fanotherexamplebothhusbwifeshouldertheresponsibilityoftakingcareofthechildren.Besideswheneveranimptantmatteremergesinthefamilythehusbwillconsultwitht

12、hewife.Gonearethedayswhenthehusbwasthemasterthewifewastheservant.2)Menwomenareequalathomenow.Firstwomenmenhaveequalrightsinfinance.Theybothcanbuywhattheywant.Nexttheyhelpeachotherat(with)housewkusuallywomencookthemealwhi

13、lemencleaning(clean)thehouseyards.Besideswomenmenhaveequalrighttolookafterkids.Theymaypickupthechildinturn.So.Nowadaysmenwomenhaveequalrightsathome.ExercisesThree:Causeeffect(因果法因果法)1.Doyouknowwhywinteriscolderthansummer

14、Onereasonisthattherearefewerhoursofsunlightinwinter.Butthereisanotherreason.Wintersunlightiscooler.Itisthesamesunitshinesjustasbrightasinthesummertimeyettheearthgetslessheatfit.Thereasonwhywintersunlightiscooleristhatthe

15、sun’srayscometousatmuchmeofaslant（傾斜）thantheydoinsummer.2.Therearethreereasonswhysolarenergyhasnotbeenmadeuseofverywidely.Firstthecostfbuildingasolarpowerplantisveryhigh.Asaresulttheproductionofonewattofsolarenergyismeex

16、pensivethanthatofsteampowernuclearpower.Secondnatureplaysalargepartinthegenerationofsolarenergy.Whenitiscloudyrainysolarpowerplantcannotwk.Alsonosolarenergyisgeneratedatnight.Finallytherearenotenoughqualifiedtechnicalper

17、sonneltorunsolarpowerplants.Fallthesereasonssolarenergyhasnotdevelopedonalargescaleinourcountry.2.SeveralfactshavecontributedtothedifficultyintravelinginChina.Butingeneraltherearethreemajcauses.Theporoadconditionisoneoft