普通化學(xué)術(shù)語中英文對照表

1、普通化學(xué)術(shù)語中英文對照表普通化學(xué)術(shù)語中英文對照表ChineseEnglishDictionaryofCommonChemicalTerms撰寫者史政一writtenbyZhengyiShi1.專業(yè)名詞專業(yè)名詞(terms)原子atomadj.atomic原子核nucleus質(zhì)子proton中子neutron電子electron(abbr.e)離子ion[?a??n]陽離子cation陰離子anion分子molecular[m??lekj

2、?l?]單質(zhì)element化合物compound純凈物puresubstancechemicalsubstance混合物mixture相對原子質(zhì)量relativeatomicmass(abbr.Ar)相對分子質(zhì)量relativemolecularmass(abbr.Mr)化學(xué)式量relativefmulamass物質(zhì)的量amountofsubstance阿伏加德羅常數(shù)Avogadroconstant(abbr.NA)摩爾mole摩爾質(zhì)量

3、molarmass實驗式最簡式經(jīng)驗式empiricalfmula氣體摩爾體積molarvolume阿伏加德羅定律Avogadro’sLaw溶液solution溶解dissolve濃度concentration質(zhì)量體積分?jǐn)?shù)massvolumeconcentration濃縮concentrate稀釋dilute蒸餾distillation萃取extraction化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式chemicalequation反應(yīng)物reactant生成物pro

4、duct固體solid液體liquid氣體gaseous溶液aqueous配平balance供體don受體accept靜電吸引electrostaticattraction巨型離子結(jié)構(gòu)giantionicstructure共價鍵covalent[k??ve?l?nt]bond巨型共價結(jié)構(gòu)giantcovalentstructure共用電子對sharedpairbondingpair孤對電子lonepairnonbondingpairσ鍵

5、σbondπ鍵πbondδ鍵δbond極性共價鍵polarbond非極性共價鍵nonpolarbond配位鍵dipolarbonddativecovalentbondcodinatebond電負(fù)性electronegativity極性polarity偶極子dipole分子間作用力intermolecularfces氫鍵hydrogenbond范德華力vanderWaal’sfce色散力dispersionfce誘導(dǎo)力inductionf

6、ce取向力ientationfcedipoledipolefce金屬鍵metallicbond離域delocalisation[di:l?uk?laizei?n]延展性malleability可鍛性ductility導(dǎo)電性electricalconductivity合金alloy元素周期表thePeriodicTable周期period族group原子序數(shù)protonnumber同位素isotope[?a?s?t??p]核素nuclid