約克安特衛(wèi)普規(guī)則(中英對照)

1、約克安特衛(wèi)普規(guī)則1994（YKANTWERPRULES1994）IntheadjustmentofgeneralaveragethefollowingRulesshallapplytotheexclusionofanyLawPracticeinconsistenttherewith.共同海損理算，適用下列規(guī)則，凡與這些規(guī)則相抵觸的法律和慣例都不適用。ExceptasprovidedbytheRuleParamountthenumbere

2、dRulesgeneralaverageshallbeadjustedaccdingtotheletteredRules.除首要規(guī)則和數(shù)字規(guī)則已有規(guī)定者外，共同海損應按字母規(guī)則理算。RULEPARAMOUNT首要規(guī)則Innocaseshalltherebeanyallowancefsacrificeexpenditureunlessreasonablymadeincurred.犧牲或費用，除合理做出或支付者外，不得受到補償。RULEA規(guī)

3、則AThereisageneralaverageactwhenonlywhenanyextradinarysacrificeexpenditureisintentionallyreasonablymadeincurredfthecommonsafetyfthepurposeofpreservingfromperilthepropertyinvolvedinacommonmaritimeadventure.只有在為了共同安全，使同一航程中

4、的財產(chǎn)脫離危險，有意而合理地做出特殊犧牲或支付特殊費用時，才能構成共同海損行為。Generalaveragesacrificesexpendituresshallbebnebythedifferentcontributinginterestsonthebasishereinafterprovided.共同海損犧牲和費用，應按下列規(guī)定，由各分攤方分攤。RULEB規(guī)則BThereisacommonmaritimeadventurewheno

5、nemevesselsaretowingpushinganothervesselvesselsprovidedthattheyareallinvolvedincommercialactivitiesnotinasalvageoperation.如果船舶拖帶或頂推其他船舶而它們都從事商業(yè)活動而不是救助作業(yè)，則處于同一航程之中。Whenmeasuresaretakentopreservethevesselstheircargoesifany

6、fromacommonperiltheseRulesshallapply.如果所采取的措施是為了使這些船舶及其貨物（如果有）脫離共同危險，則應適用本規(guī)則。Avesselisnotincommonperilwithanothervesselvesselsifbysimplydisconnectingfromtheothervesselvesselssheisinsafetybutifthedisconnectionisitselfagen

7、eralaverageactthecommonmaritimeadventurecontinues.如果一艘船舶只要脫離其他船舶便能獲得安全，則同其他船舶不處于共同的危險之中，但如果脫離本身是共同海損行為，則共同航程繼續(xù)存在。RULEC規(guī)則COnlysuchlossesdamagesexpenseswhicharethedirectconsequenceofthegeneralaverageactshallbeallowedasgene

8、ralaverage.只有屬于共同海損行為直接后果的損失或費用，才應作為共同海損。Innocaseshalltherebeanyallowanceingeneralaverageflossesdamagesexpensesincurredinrespectofdamagetotheenvironmentinconsequenceoftheescapereleaseofpollutantsubstancesfromthepropertyi

9、nvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventure.環(huán)境損害或因同一航程中的財產(chǎn)漏出或排放污染物所引起的損失或費用不得認作共同海損。Demurragelossofmarketanylossdamagesustainedexpenseincurredbyreasonofdelaywhetheronthevoyagesubsequentlyanyindirectlosswhatsoevershallnotbeadmitt

10、edasgeneralaverage.不論是在航程中或其后發(fā)生的滯期損失、行市損失和任何因遲延所遭受的損失或支付的費用以及任何間接損失都不得認作共同海損。RULED規(guī)則DRightstocontributioningeneralaverageshallnotbeaffectedthoughtheeventwhichgaverisetothesacrificeexpendituremayhavebeenduetothefaultofone

11、ofthepartiestotheadventurebutthisshallnotprejudiceanyremediesdefenceswhichmaybeopenagainsttothatpartyinrespectofsuchfault.即使引起犧牲或費用的事故，可能是由于航程中某一方的過失所造成的，也不影響要求分攤共同海損的權利，規(guī)則二為了共同安全做出犧牲所造成的損失Lossofdamagetothepropertyinvolv

12、edinthecommonmaritimeadventurebyinconsequenceofasacrificemadefthecommonsafetybywaterwhichgoesdownaship’shatchesopenedotheropeningmadefthepurposeofmakingajettisonfthecommonsafetyshallbemadegoodasgeneralaverage.為了共同安全做出犧牲或

13、其后果和為了共同安全進行拋棄而開艙或打洞以致進水，造成共同航程中的財產(chǎn)的損失，應作為共同海損受到補償。RULEIII.EXTINGUISHINGFIREONSHIPBOARD規(guī)則三撲滅船上火災Damagedonetoashipcargoeitherofthembywaterotherwiseincludingdamagebybeachingscuttlingaburningshipinextinguishingafireonboardt

14、heshipshallbemadegoodasgeneralaverageexceptthatnocompensationshallbemadefdamagebysmokehowevercausedbyheatofthefire.為了撲滅船上火災，因水或其他原因使船舶、貨物遭受損壞，包括將著火船舶擱淺或鑿沉所造成的損壞，均應作為共同海損受到補償。但由于煙熏或因火引起熱烤所造成的損壞除外。RULEIV.CUTTINGAWAYWRECK規(guī)則

15、四切除殘余部分Lossdamagesustainedbycuttingawaywreckpartsoftheshipwhichhavebeenpreviouslycarriedawayareeffectivelylostbyaccidentshallnotbemadegoodasgeneralaverage.因切除由于意外事故原已折斷或?qū)嶋H上已經(jīng)毀損的船舶殘留部分所遭受的損失，不得作為共同海損受到補償。RULEV.VOLUNTARYST

16、RING規(guī)則五有意擱淺Whenashipisintentionallyrunonshefthecommonsafetywhethernotshemighthavebeendrivenonshetheconsequentlossdamagetothepropertyinvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventureshallbeallowedingeneralaverage.船舶無論是否勢必擱淺，如果為了共同安全有意

17、擱淺，因此所造成的共同航程中的財產(chǎn)的損失應認作共同海損。RULEVI.SALVAGEREMUNERATION規(guī)則六救助報酬(a)Expenditureincurredbythepartiestotheadventureinthenatureofsalvagewhetherundercontractotherwiseshallbeallowedingeneralaverageprovidedthatthesalvageoperations

18、werecarriedoutfthepurposeofpreservingfromperilthepropertyinvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventure.(1)航程中各有關方所支付的救助費用，不論救助是否根據(jù)契約進行，都應認入共同海損，但以使在同一航程中的財產(chǎn)脫離危險而進行的救助為限。Expenditureallowedingeneralaverageshallincludeanysalvageremu

19、nerationinwhichtheskillefftsofthesalvsinpreventingminimisingdamagetotheenvironmentsuchasisreferredtoinArt.13paragraph1(b)oftheInternationalConventiononSalvage1989havebeentakenintoaccount.認入共同海損的費用應包括1989年國際救助公約第13條第1款（b）

20、所述的考慮到救助人在防止或減輕環(huán)境損害中的技藝和努力而付給救助人的任何救助報酬。(b)SpecialcompensationpayabletoasalvbytheshipownerunderArt.14ofthesaidConventiontotheextentspecifiedinparagraph4oftheArticleunderanyotherprovisionsimilarinsubstanceshallnotbeallowe

21、dingeneralaverage.（2）根據(jù)上述公約第14條第4款或任何其他實質(zhì)上類似的規(guī)定由船舶所有人付給救助人的特別補償不得認入共同海損。RULEVII.DAMAGETOMACHINERYBOILERS規(guī)則七機器和鍋爐的損壞Damagecausedtoanymachineryboilersofashipwhichisasheinapositionofperilinendeavouringtorefloatshallbeallowe