2018考研英語(yǔ)(二)真題及參考答案

1、12018考研英考研英語(yǔ)（二）真（二）真題及參考答案（完整版）及參考答案（完整版）SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwd(s)feachnumberedblankmark[A][B][C][D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhydopeoplereadnegativeIntercommentsdootherthing

2、sthatwillobviouslybepainfulBecausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertaintyaccdingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowisstrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitisclearthe

3、answerwill3.InaseriesofexperimentsbehavialscientistsattheUniversityofChicagotheWisconsinschoolofBusinesstestedstudents’willingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinaneffttosatisfycuriosity.Fone5eachparticipantwasshownapi

4、leofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.ThetwistHalfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twentysevenstudentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrifiedanothertwentysevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified.7l

5、eftaloneintheroom.Thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmepensincurredmeshocksthanthestudentswhoknewthatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardp

6、hotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumansmuchthesameasthebasicdrivesf11sheltersaysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct—itcan12newscientificadvancesfinstan

7、ce—butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15however.Inafinalexperimentparticipantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunple

8、asantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itiswththeendeav.Thinkingaboutlongterm20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativ

9、eeffectsofcuriosity”Hseesays.Inotherwdsdon’treadonlinecomments.1.A.igneB.protectC.discussD.resolve3ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhisefftstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.Mr.Koziatekispartof

10、somethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbookstestsmechanicalmemizationbutpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedState

11、sbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikeChainAsKoziatekknowthereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyfcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsol

12、earngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Wkingwithyourhsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiity.Schoolinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype...thatit’sfkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically

13、”hesays.OnonehthatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevapated.Meeducationisthenewprinci

14、ple.Wewantmefourkidsrightfullyso.Buttheheadlongpushintobachel’sdegreesfall—thesubtledevaluingofanythingless—missesanimptantpoint:That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.Yesabachel’sdegreeopensmedos.Butevennow54perce

15、ntofthejobsinthecountryaredleskilljobssuchasconstructionhighskillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofwkersareadequatelytrained.Inotherwdsatatimewhenthewkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalheadfrustratedthattheopptunity

16、thatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishingoneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinwkingclassjobsbutthewkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem.Koziatek’sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatg

17、ap.Koziatek’sschoolisawakeupcall.Wheneducationbecomesonesizefitsallitrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts.21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof.A.academictrainingB.practicalabilityC.pioneeringspiritD.m