自考英語二重點(diǎn)語法知識(shí)講解

1、重點(diǎn)語法知識(shí)講解1動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一覽表時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)doaredonedidweredonewilldowillbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)aredoingarebeingdoneweredoingwerebeingdonewillbedoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)havedonehavebeendonehaddonehadbeendonewill

2、havedonewillhavebeendone現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)havebeendoing11現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在仍有影響?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志：sofar，bynowuptonow，fthreeyears，since1995，inthepasttwodecades1.2過去完成時(shí)過去的過去。1）saidreptedthought等引導(dǎo)的間接引語中。Hemissedthetrain.Hesaidhehad

3、missedthetrain.2）hardly…whennosooner…than句型中表示先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Nosoonerhadhegotupthanhereceivedthecall.3）與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中動(dòng)詞不定式：1）目的狀語；2）結(jié)果狀語Icameheretomeetyou.（目的）Hehurriedtotherailstationonlytomissthetrain.（結(jié)果）分詞：1)伴隨狀語；2）原因狀語；3）條件狀語

4、4）讓步狀語；5）時(shí)間狀語Walkingalongthestreethemethisoldfriend.（時(shí)間）Beingverytiredmyfatherdidn’tgooutwithus.（原因）Madebyhthesilkshirtisveryexpensive.（原因）Seenfromthespacetheearthlookslikeablueball.(條件)2.3非謂語動(dòng)詞，狀語從句和獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)1)Havingdonethei

5、rhomewkthechildrenbegantoplay.(分詞作狀語)2)Afterhavingdonetheirhomewkthechildrenbegantoplay.（連詞分詞）3)Aftertheyhaddonetheirhomewkthechildrenbegantoplay.（狀語從句）4)Withhomewkdonethechildrenbegantoplay.（獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)）2.4非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語1)Ifthereisn

6、ochoicethereisnodecision___(make).(tobemade)2)Doyouknowtheman____(st)infrontofthehouse(sting)3)Thequestion____(discuss)atthemomentisveryimptant.(beingdiscussed)4)Thebridge____(build)inthe1950sisstillingoodcondition.(buil