mti外刊閱讀精選保持專注的心理機(jī)制

1、MTIMTI外刊閱讀精選保持專注的心理機(jī)制外刊閱讀精選保持專注的心理機(jī)制WhyWhyathletesathletesneedneedaquietquieteyeeyeIfanyoneknowshowtograbavictyfromthejawsofdefeatit’sSerenaWilliams.JustconsiderhersemifinalagainstKimClijstersatthe2003AustralianOpen.At52

2、downinthefinalsetshewaswithinahair’sbreadthoflosingherplaceinthetournament.Butratherthanslippingintodespairshesavedtwomatchpointsbefewinningthenextfivegames.Somehoweachserveeachreturnledjustwhereshewantedthemto–shewouldu

3、ltimatelygoontowinthewholetournament.要問“絕境逢生“是什么滋味，小威(SerenaWilliams)絕對(duì)最清楚。2003年澳網(wǎng)半決賽上，她對(duì)陣小克(KimClijsters)。決勝盤她25落后，在生死一發(fā)之間，她并沒有陷入絕望，而是接連挽救兩個(gè)賽點(diǎn)，再連勝五局逆轉(zhuǎn)小克。不知為何，她每一次的發(fā)球與回球都落在她想在的地方——最終，她在這屆澳網(wǎng)奪冠并攬下大滿貫。Asinglesuchfeatwouldbe

4、anexceptionaloccurrenceinanycareerbutWilliamshassincemadesimilarlybreathtakingcomebacksattheAustralianOpenin2005的是一種增強(qiáng)的視覺感知，能讓運(yùn)動(dòng)員在下一步動(dòng)作前排除干擾。有趣的是，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)靜眼在高度緊張的狀態(tài)下顯得尤為重要，它能防止運(yùn)動(dòng)員在面臨巨大壓力時(shí)表現(xiàn)失常(choking在心理學(xué)中被定義為“壓力條件下，一種習(xí)慣的運(yùn)動(dòng)

5、執(zhí)行過程發(fā)生衰變的現(xiàn)象“)，甚至能幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員們進(jìn)入神秘的“心流“狀態(tài)(flow心理學(xué)上的指的是“一種將個(gè)人精神力完全投注在某種活動(dòng)上的感覺“)。It’snotjustbuddingsptsmensptswomenwhoshouldtakenote.Thesamelasersharpfocuscanhelpdoctsmaintaintheirfocusastheyperfmkeyholesurgeryitisofincreasingint

6、eresttothemilitary.這一現(xiàn)象不僅僅值得初出茅廬的運(yùn)動(dòng)員們關(guān)注，注意力高度集中同樣也能夠幫助醫(yī)生在完成高精密度的微創(chuàng)手術(shù)時(shí)保持專注乃至軍方對(duì)這一心理機(jī)制也越來越有興趣?！癟hereisasmallwindowofopptunityfthemotsystemtoreceiveinfmationfromtheeyes”explainsSamVineattheUniversityofExeter.“expertshavefou