外研版選修八module4《which english》ppt復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、選修8,Module 4 Which English？,課程解讀,,課程解讀,,課程解讀,,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,要點(diǎn)一 單詞1.debate n.討論，爭論，辯論 vi.&vt.辯論，討論，爭論歸納拓展（1）debate about/on/over sth.with sb.與某人爭論……debate sth. with sb.與某人討論某事debate whether/what/how etc. to do sth.討論

2、……（2）hold a debate舉行辯論會(huì)beyond debate無可爭辯under debate在辯論中a heated/fierce/intense debate熱烈的/激烈的爭論,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：We must debate the question with the rest of the members.我們必須和其他委員討論這個(gè)問題。The two sides debated fiercely wheth

3、er to raise the price of school meals.雙方就是否提高學(xué)校用餐價(jià)格進(jìn)行了激烈的辯論。The proposal is under debate.那個(gè)提議還在討論當(dāng)中。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,同類辨析debate，argue與discuss（1）debate辯論的目的在于說服對(duì)方。（2）argue指條理清晰地陳述贊成或反對(duì)的理由。（3）discuss從不同的觀點(diǎn)出發(fā)與某人討論某事。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接

4、訓(xùn)練】這是關(guān)于如何懲治罪犯的爭論。（翻譯句子）This is a debate about the punishment for criminals.,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,2.clarify vt.澄清，講清楚，闡明；（加熱）凈化歸納拓展（1）clarify matters澄清真相clarify one’s remarks把話說清楚clarify one’s stand/position闡明某人的立場(chǎng)（2）clarificatio

5、n n.澄清clarity n.清澈，透明例句：He clarified his stand on the issue.他澄清了他在該問題上的立場(chǎng)。My mind was clarified on this issue.對(duì)這個(gè)問題我的頭腦變得清楚了。She asked him to clarify what he meant.她要他說清楚他是什么意思。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Chinese government ___

6、_____ on the matters to Taiwan.A.clarify it standB.clarifies its standC.clarify its standD.clarifies it stand【解析】句意為：中國政府針對(duì)臺(tái)灣問題闡明了自己的立場(chǎng)。故應(yīng)用短語clarify one’s stand“闡明某人的立場(chǎng)”，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。【答案】B,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,3.complain vi.抱怨；不

7、滿；發(fā)牢騷歸納拓展（1）complain (to sb.)about/of...（向某人）抱怨……complain (to sb.)that-clause（向某人）抱怨……complain to sb.向某人申訴；訴說……病痛（2）complaint n.抱怨；申訴；投訴make a complaint about/of/against抱怨；投訴a letter of complaint一封投訴信（3）can’t com

8、plain［口］還算好（總體上還是滿意的，雖然有些不如意）,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：She often complains to her boss about/of her low pay.=She often complains to her boss that she gets paid too little.=She often complains to to her boss about/of getting paid too l

9、ittle.她經(jīng)常向她老板抱怨說她的報(bào)酬太低。Why don’t you make a complaint against your noisy neighbour?你為什么不投訴那位喧鬧的鄰居呢？,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】句型轉(zhuǎn)換Some Iraqi common people complained of being robbed and beaten often by American soldiers in Iraq.

10、=Some Iraqi common people complained that they were robbed beaten often by American soldiers in Iraq.句意為：一些伊拉克平民控訴說他們經(jīng)常遭到駐伊美軍的搶劫和毆打。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,4.approval n.批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可；贊成；同意歸納拓展（1）general approval一致同意with approval of經(jīng)……的批準(zhǔn)in

11、approval同意地，支持地give (one’s) approval給予批準(zhǔn)meet with one’s approval得到某人的贊許,得到某人的認(rèn)可（2）approve v.批準(zhǔn)，贊成approve of sb./sth.贊成某人/事,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：She desperately wanted to win her father’s approval.她急不可待地想贏得她父親的贊同。I can’t agree

12、to anything without my partner’s approval.沒有合伙人的認(rèn)可我什么也不能答應(yīng)。He doesn’t approve of me leaving school this year.他不同意我今年離校。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The mayor has ________ the new building plan and the construction of the new Broadca

13、sting Center will begin in a few days.A.appreciatedB.approachedC.appointedD.approved【解析】句意為：市長批準(zhǔn)了新的建造計(jì)劃，建造新的廣播中心的工程幾天之內(nèi)就開工。approve“批準(zhǔn)，贊成”，符合題意。appreciate“感激”；approach“接近”；appoint“任命；委派；指定”?！敬鸢浮緿,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,5.convinced a

14、dj.確信的，深信的歸納拓展be convinced of .../that-clause相信……convince vt. 使確信，使信服convince sb.of sth.sb.that-clause 使某人相信……convince sb.to do sth.說服某人干某事例句：I am convinced of his innocence.=I am convinced that he was inn

15、ocent.我相信他是無辜的。What she said convinced me that I was mistaken.她的一番話使我認(rèn)識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了。What convinced you to vote for them?究竟是什么使得你愿意投他們的票呢？,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】①The couple tried every effort to _________ the judges,who tried the cas

16、e of their innocence,resulting in the contrary.A.proveB.chargeC.convinceD.confirm【解析】句意為：那對(duì)夫婦盡力使審訊那宗案件的法官相信他們是清白的，但結(jié)果正相反。prove“證明”；charge sb. with...“指控某人……”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信……”；confirm sth.“證實(shí)……”。由句意及conv

17、ince sb. of sth.的搭配可知正確答案為C?！敬鸢浮緾,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,②________ that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.A.ConvincingB.ConvincedC.To convinceD.Having con

18、vinced【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句子的邏輯主語是people與convince之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用v.-ing形式，排除B項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞不定式置于句首，一般作目的狀語，與題意不符，故排除；convince這一動(dòng)作與主句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，故排除D項(xiàng)完成時(shí)。選A。句意為：人們確信政府能帶領(lǐng)他們走出經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，他們對(duì)國家的未來很樂觀?！敬鸢浮緼,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,6.oppose vt.反抗，反對(duì)歸納拓展（1）oppose (doin

19、g) sth.反對(duì)干某事be opposed to (doing) sth.反對(duì)干某事（2）opposition n.反對(duì)，對(duì)立meet with opposition遭到反對(duì)in opposition to sb. on sth.在某事上與某人意見相反,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,注意：be opposed to中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后加名詞/代詞或v.-ing形式，不加to do，其同義詞組是be against和object t

20、o。例句：Most people are opposed to war and for peace.大多數(shù)人反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭，支持和平。The President opposes giving military aid to this country.總統(tǒng)反對(duì)向該國提供軍事援助。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】翻譯句子我們強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)種族歧視。We are bitterly opposed to the racial discriminati

21、on.,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,要點(diǎn)二 短語1.tell...apart把……區(qū)分開歸納拓展（1）tell A and B apart=tell A from B=tell the difference(s) between A and B把A與B區(qū)分開tell+that.../wh-辨別，識(shí)別（2）tell sb. about/of sth.告訴某人有關(guān)某事tell a lie/lies撒謊to tell the truth說實(shí)

22、話,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：It is also quite easy to tell British and American English apart.要將英國英語和美國英語分辨開來也很容易。I can’t tell whether it is him or not.我認(rèn)不清是不是他。It is very important for us to tell true friends from false ones in socie

23、ty.在社會(huì)上辨別出真假朋友對(duì)我們來說是非常重要的。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The twins are so much alike that their own mother can hardly _________ .A.tell them apartB.tell apart themC.say them apartD.say apart them【解析】tell apart是動(dòng)詞短語（v.+adv.），代詞常常放在t

24、ell和apart之間，故選A?！敬鸢浮緼,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,2.let sb./sth.down使某人失望，辜負(fù)；（使）略遜一籌，美中不足歸納拓展let alone更不必說let off寬恕；開（槍），放（炮、煙火等）；讓……下車let out放走，釋放；泄露，放出；放寬，放大（衣服）let go放開，松手let sb./sth. in/into讓……進(jìn)來，放……進(jìn)來注意：let...alone=let...be/leave

25、...alone不干涉；對(duì)……置之不理；而let alone是“……更不必說”，需作插入語。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：This machine won’t let you down.你盡管放心，這臺(tái)機(jī)器不會(huì)出毛病。She speaks French very fluently,but her pronunciation lets her down.她法語講得很流利，但美中不足的是發(fā)音不太好。There isn’t enough roo

26、m for us,let alone any guests.連我們都沒有足夠的空間，更不用說客人了。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】—If you don’t bring a present to Lucy,you may _________.—Thank you for reminding me. Surely I’ll buy her one this evening.A.leave her alongB.let her dow

27、nC.hold her backD.cheer her up【解析】句意為：——如果你不給露西帶生日禮物，你可能會(huì)使她失望的?！x謝你提醒我。我今晚肯定就去給她買一件生日禮物。leave sb.alone“不理會(huì)某人”；let sb.down“使某人失望”；hold sb.back“阻止某人”；cheer sb.up“使某人振作起來”。由句意可知答案為B項(xiàng)。【答案】B,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,3.be relevant to...與……有

28、關(guān)歸納拓展(1)have relevance to...be related to...be connected with...have something to do with...have connection withbe associated with 和……有關(guān)系(2)relevance n. 關(guān)聯(lián)relevantly adv.相關(guān)聯(lián)地,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,例句：Do

29、you have any relevant experience in advertising?你有廣告行業(yè)的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎？What they are discussing is not relevant to the present question.他們所討論的事情與目前的問題無關(guān)。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】完成句子The judge ruled that the evidence wasn’t relevant to/ha

30、d no relevance to/wasn’t related to/wasn’t connected with/had nothing to do with (與……無關(guān))the case.,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,要點(diǎn)三 句型Not all idioms have been common for many years.并非所有的習(xí)語很多年都常見。not all...意為“并非所有的……都”，是部分否定。not的位置比較靈活，可置于句

31、首，也可放在句中。例句：Not all the people present agreed with you.=All the people present didn’t agree with you.不是所有在場(chǎng)的人都贊成你（的看法）。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,歸納拓展（1）與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定的詞有：all，everyone，everywhere，both，everybody，always，every，everything，al

32、together(全體)，entirely(全部地)，wholly(全部地)（2）表示全部否定的詞有：none,nobody,no one,neither,never,nothing,nowhere等。例句：None of the people present agreed with you.所有在場(chǎng)的人都不贊成你。Both of Tom and Jack are not fond of pop music.=Not bot

33、h of Tom and Jack are fond of pop music.湯姆和杰克二人不全喜歡流行音樂。Tom and Jack are not fond of pop music.湯姆和杰克都不喜歡流行音樂。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】①I haven’t read ________ of his books，but judging from others’ comments，I think he’s a very pr

34、omising writer.A.anyB.noneC.bothD.either【解析】any與not連用表全部否定；not與none of連用，雙重否定表肯定；not與both和either連用表部分否定，根據(jù)題意，選A?！敬鸢浮緼,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,②The boys and girls had walked for hours.They _________ got very tired，but _________ of th

35、em would stop to take a rest.A.all；neitherB.both；noneC.all；noneD.both；everyone【解析】both只能用于兩者之間，此題中是說the boys and the girls,故用all,作they的同位語；空二考查全部否定，故用none?！敬鸢浮緾,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,要點(diǎn)四 語法復(fù)習(xí)狀語和狀語從句1.狀語定義：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)

36、作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分。位置：修飾形容詞或副詞的狀語一般放在被修飾詞的前面；修飾動(dòng)詞的狀語一般放在被修飾詞的后面。特殊情況除外。（1）狀語的表現(xiàn)形式①副詞及副詞短語例句：Light travels fast.光傳播得很快。②介詞短語例句：We have lived in this city for 10 years.我們?cè)谶@座城市已生活了十年。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,③分詞短語-ing及-ed形式例句：Encouraged by

37、the teacher，I decided to learn English well.在老師的鼓勵(lì)下，我決心把英語學(xué)好。④動(dòng)詞不定式例句：He worked hard to pass the exam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，想通過考試。⑤從句例句：So long as you can promise to return it on time，I will lend you my bike.只要你能保證準(zhǔn)時(shí)歸還，我可以把自行車借給你

38、。⑥獨(dú)立主格形式：例句：The teacher entered the classroom，ruler in hand.老師手里拿著一把尺子進(jìn)了教室。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,（2）狀語的種類①時(shí)間狀語②原因狀語③條件狀語④地點(diǎn)狀語⑤方式狀語⑥伴隨狀語⑦目的狀語（常位于句末，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)可位于句首）⑧讓步狀語⑨程度狀語（單個(gè)副詞時(shí)，常前置）⑩比較狀語（通常有固定形式，不可隨意改變）例句：When it rains,I usually go to

39、 pick up my daughter in my car.下雨時(shí)，我通常開車去接我的女兒。I didn’t go to the party because of the heavy snow.因?yàn)橄麓笱┪覜]有去參加聚會(huì)。As long as you work hard,you can make great progress.只要你努力，就能取得很大的進(jìn)步。He was sent where he was most nee

40、ded.他被派往最需要他的地方去了。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,2.狀語從句通常來說明主句中某一動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞的起狀語作用的從句，叫做狀語從句。狀語從句位置較靈活，可以放在主句之前、之后或中間。狀語從句包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步狀語從句。各個(gè)類型的狀語從句在前面單元的語法中已經(jīng)一一講到過，這里我們只將其引導(dǎo)詞進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,【鏈接訓(xùn)練】①After a long walk，she wa

41、s ________ tired that she had to go upstairs and rest.A.muchB.enoughC.tooD.that【解析】句中that可作為副詞，相當(dāng)于so，與后面的that構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語從句，其余選項(xiàng)均無這種用法?！敬鸢浮緿,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,②________ online shopping attracts a certain group of the people，there wi

42、ll always be some who enjoy shopping for their own groceries.A.WhenB.AsC.IfD.While【解析】句意為：雖然網(wǎng)上購物吸引了一定群體的人，但總有一些人喜歡上街購買自己的雜貨。此處while表示“雖然；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！敬鸢浮緿,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,③—We have decided to go for a picnic tomorrow，Dick.A

43、re you going with us?—Well, ________ you are going，so will I.A.whenB.sinceC.ifD.while【解析】句意為：——我們已決定明天出去野炊，迪克，你和我們一起去嗎？——哦，既然你們?nèi)?，那我也要去。此題極易誤選C。if “假如你們?nèi)ィ俏乙踩?。”顯然不符合前文邏輯。【答案】B,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,④Jenny was reading a piece of sc

44、ience fiction,completely _________ to the outside world.A.having lostB.being lostC.losingD.lost【解析】lost是形容詞，be lost to the world（全神貫注于某事而不注意周圍的事情）。形容詞短語表示狀態(tài)，作狀語?！敬鸢浮緿,知識(shí)要點(diǎn),,⑤_________ , the people in Sichuan Provin

45、ce are recovering from the effects of the terrible earthquake on May 12th,2008.A.Strongly and unitedlyB.Strong and unitedC.Be strong and uniteD.Being strongly and united【解析】strong and united“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)并團(tuán)結(jié)”，為形容詞短語作狀語?！敬鸢浮緽,