[雙語翻譯]外文翻譯--使用三維激光掃描技術(shù)對b柱進行逆向工程設(shè)計以制造厚度不均勻的零件（英文）

1、 Reverse engineering of B-pillar with 3D optical scanning for manufacturing of non-uniform thickness part Md. Tasbirul Islam1, A.B. Abdullah1,*, and Mohamad Zihad Mahmud2 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Univers

2、iti Sains Malaysia (USM), Engineering campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal Penang, Malaysia 2School of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Engineering campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia Abstract.

3、 This paper presents reverse engineering (RE) of a complex automobile structural part, B-pillar. As a major part of the automobile body-in white (BiW), B-pillar has substantial opportunity for

4、 weight reduction by introducing variable thickness across its sections. To leverage such potential, an existing B-pillar was reverse engineered with a 3D optical scanner and computer aided des

5、ign (CAD) application. First, digital data (i.e. in meshes) of exiting B-pillar was obtained by the scanner, and subsequently, this information was utilized in developing a complete 3D CAD mo

6、del. CATIA V5 was used in the modeling where some of the essential work benches were ‘’Digitized Shape Editor’’, ‘’Quick Surface Reconstruction’’, ‘’Wireframe and Surface Design’’, ‘’Freestyle’’, ‘’Gene

7、ration Shape Design’’ and “Part design”. In the final CAD design, five different thicknesses were incorporated successfully in order to get a B-pillar with non-uniform sections. This research opene

8、d opportunities for thickness optimization and mold tooling design in real time manufacturing. 1 Introduction Major automotive manufacturers have been working to produce lightweight vehicles in ord

9、er to adhere with continuous strict regulations that demand for less greenhouse gas emission and increased fuel efficiency [1]. Among various systems of a vehicle, body-in- white (BiW) is foun

10、d as the most significant portion representing about 30% of the weight of a vehicle, and has tremendous potential in reducing weight of the whole vehicle [2]. Figure 1 shows the breakdown

11、of vehicle weight by systems and components. As BiW possesses such opportunity, and has high sensitivity to structural integrity, it is the only system that is researched, designed and analyze

12、d extensively in the studies of weight reduction technology for automobile [3]. Important components in the BiW system are passenger compartment frame, cross and side beams, roof structure, fr

13、ont-end structure, underbody floor structure and panels [4]. * Corresponding author: mebaha@usm.my DOI: 10.1051/ , (2017) 79001007AiGEV 201690 matecconf/201 MATEC Web of Conferences 01007 © The Auth

14、ors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). different th

15、icknesses in the B-pillar of a new BMW X5 car [11]. Another research by [8] found that weight of a B-pillar made by TRB technology with eight different thicknesses reached just over 7 kg

16、; a total weight saving of 1.3 kg when it is compared to conventional B-pillar design with uniform thickness. It is clear that thickness variation in different BiW system, particularly in B-

17、pillar can significantly contribute to overall weight reduction of a vehicle. Despite having such competitive advantages, these technologies have to follow two step processes where substantial ef

18、fort and time is required to manufacture the part [12]. For instance, TRB infused B-pillar manufacturing; firstly, the TRBs are made up with the rolling process by controlling roll gap thus

19、creating the varying thickness. After that direct hot stamping and rapid cooling is done on the TRBs, followed by laser and tool trimming for the final part. Therefore, to reduce the manufa

20、cturing time and effort, it is proposed in this research that development of a B-pillar can be made through a single process by cold forming operation where non-uniform thicknesses of the B-pillar

21、 sections will be incorporated in the tooling design of the forming operation. It is assumed to minimize the efforts of the subsequent manufacturing processes. However, to implement such idea, at

22、 first, a B-pillar with uniform thickness should be considered as a experimental object and then a reverse engineering (RE) process can be done. In this way, the actual physical object is tra

23、nsferred to a computer aided design (CAD) system, and further design modification can be made in order to achieve weight reduction compared with the existing one. The final modified B-pillar

24、 part will have variable thicknesses across its sections.RE is the branch of engineering which takes advantage of an object that has already been created. The final purpose of RE is to crea

25、te similar kind of identical object to the existing object considering rapid prototyping concept [13]. However, one of the essential prerequisite of this process is to get information about t

26、he physical nature of the object. In all areas in rapid prototyping, such as software, electronic components, automobile components, RE is widely being used for shorter product development tim

27、e with optimized cost of the product [14]. The method is widely used and it consists a number of steps starting from capturing virtual model with a 3D optical scanner to 3D model developme

28、nt in CAD software [14]. The scanner coverts the physical object into point could or meshes. This kind of reverse engineering is generally being employed where access of such recorded 3D ob

29、jects are confidential and identified as potential patent infringement [15]. Considering this as an important fact and to deploy rapid prototyping, RE process of the B- pillar outer part is pre

30、sented in this research. This paper is organized in the following sections, ? Section 2 describes the experimental setup where the information of the physical object was transferred to meshes

31、 by 3D optical scanning, ? Section 3 highlighted the result and discussion of the research and finally, ? Section 4 concludes with achievement, limitations and future work. 2 Experimental setup

32、2.1 Scanning of B-pillar part The B-pillar used in this research had complicated geometry and some free flowing surfaces. Due to relatively large size of B-pillar part, the scanning of the part

33、 was conducted in three different projections and then aligned for the complete mesh. The part had to provide with alignment points which were situated strategically for ensuring correct mesh.

34、 The original part was painted with a black colour developer spray to avoid any reflection during scanning. In this manner, the right meshes were found. The scanning of the part was DOI: 1