甲醇合成的外文翻譯---一種新的低溫甲醇合成路線(xiàn)酒精溶劑的催化效應(yīng)

1、外文資料原文1中文 中文 3825 字A New Low-Temperature Synthesis Route of Methanol:Catalytic Effect of the Alcoholic Solvent1. IntroductionGas-phase methanol is being produced industrially by 30-40 million ton per year around the worl

2、d, from CO/ CO2/H2 at a temperature range of 523-573 K and a pressure range of 50-100 bar, using copper-zinc-based oxide catalyst. Under these extreme reaction conditions, the efficiency of methanol synthesis is severely

3、 limited by thermodynamics as methanol synthesis is an extremely exothermic reaction.1,2 For example, at 573 K and 50 bar, it is calculated by thermodynamics that theoretic maximum one-pass CO conversion is around 20% fo

4、r flow-type reactor when H2/CO=2. Also it is reported that the one-pass CO conversion in the industrial ICI process is between 15 and 25%, even if H2-rich gas is used (H2/CO =5,523-573 K).3 Therefore, developing a low-te

5、mperature process for methanol synthesis, which will greatly reduce the production cost and utilize the thermodynamic advantage at low temperature, is challenging and important.3 If conversion is high enough in methanol

6、synthesis, recycling of the unreacted syngas can be omitted and air can be used directly in the reformer, instead of pure oxygen. Generally, low-temperature methanol synthesis is conducted in the liquid phase.The BNL met

7、hod first reported by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), using a very strong base catalyst (mixture of NaH, acetate), realized this continuous liquid-phase synthesis in a semi-batch reactor at 373-403 K and 10-50 bar.

8、 However, a remarkable drawback of this process is that even a trace amount of carbon dioxide and water in the feed gas or reaction system will deactivate the strongly basic catalyst soon,4,5 resulting in high cost comin

9、g from the complete purification of the syngas from reformer, and reactivation of the deactivated catalyst. This is the main 外文資料原文3selectivity for methanol formation at temperature as low as 423-443 K.26 In this communi

10、cation, the catalytic promoting effects of different alcohols on the synthesis of methanol from CO/ CO2/H2 on Cu/ZnO catalyst were investigated. High yields of methanol were realized while some alcohols were utilized.2.

11、Experimental SectionThe catalyst was prepared by the conventional coprecipitation method. An aqueous solution containing copper, zinc nitrates (Cu/Zn in molar ratio=1), and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate were ad

12、ded simultaneously with constant stirring to 300 mL of water. The precipitation temperature and pH value were maintained at 338 K and 8.3-8.5, respectively. The resulting precipitate was filtrated and washed with distill

13、ed water, followed by drying at 383 K for 24 h and calcination at 623 K for 1 h. This precursor was then reduced by a flow of 5% hydrogen in nitrogen at 473 K for 13 h and successively passivated by 2% oxygen diluted by

14、argon. The BET surface area for the catalyst was 59.4 m2/g. The catalyst here is denoted as Cu/ZnO (A).In the experiments using reactant gas of different composition, a commercially available ICI catalyst (ICI 51-2) was

15、also used through the same reduction pretreatment, denoted here as Cu/ZnO (B). The BET surface area for Cu/ZnO (B) was 20.1 m2/g.To confirm the influence of the catalyst passivation, a tailor-made reactor where in situ r

16、eduction of the catalyst before ethanol introduction was available, was used to perform the catalyst reduction and reaction; but no difference in reaction behavior was observed. So using passivated catalyst reduced separ

17、ately had no influence.In the reaction, a closed typical batch reactor with inner volume of 80 mL and a stirrer was used. The stirring speed of the propeller-type stirrer was carefully checked to eliminate the diffusion