存貨管理外文文獻(xiàn)

1、What is Inventory Management?什么是庫存管理？ 什么是庫存管理？Effective inventory management is all about knowing what is on hand, where it is in use, and how much finished product results.Inventory management is the process of efficien

2、tly overseeing the constant flow of units into and out of an existing inventory. This process usually involves controlling the transfer in of units in order to prevent the inventory from becoming too high, or dwindling t

3、o levels that could put the operation of the company into jeopardy. Competent inventory management also seeks to control the costs associated with the inventory, both from the perspective of the total value of the goods

4、included and the tax burden generated by the cumulative value of the inventory.Balancing the various tasks of inventory management means paying attention to three key aspects of any inventory. The first aspect has to do

5、with time. In terms of materials acquired for inclusion in the total inventory, this means understanding how long it takes for a supplier to process an order and execute a delivery. Inventory management also demands that

6、 a solid understanding of how long it will take for those materials to transfer out of the inventory be established. Knowing these two important lead times makes it possible to know when to place an order and how many un

7、its must be ordered to keep production running smoothly. Calculating what is known as buffer stock is also key to effective inventory management. Essentially, buffer stock is additional units above and beyond the minimum

8、 number required to maintain production levels. For example, the manager may determine that it would be a good idea to keep one or two extra units of a given machine part on hand, just in case an emergency situation aris

9、es or one of the units proves to be defective once installed. Creating this cushion or buffer helps to minimize the chance for production to be interrupted due to a lack of essential parts in the operation supply invento

10、ry.Inventory management is not limited to documenting the delivery of raw materials and the movement of those materials into operational process. The movement of those materials as they go through the various stages of t

11、he operation is also important. Typically known as a goods or work in progress inventory, tracking materials as they are used to create finished goods also helps to identify the need to adjust ordering amounts before the

12、 raw materials inventory gets dangerously low or is inflated to an unfavorable level.。Finally, inventory management has to do with keeping accurate records of finished goods that are ready for shipment. This often means