簡介：南京鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文題目國際貿(mào)易摩擦之一反傾銷及其應(yīng)對機(jī)制作者楊興玲楊興玲學(xué)號062305112062305112系財經(jīng)貿(mào)易系財經(jīng)貿(mào)易系專業(yè)國際商務(wù)班級國際商務(wù)G0611指導(dǎo)者呂國鋒副教授、蘇娜助教評閱者2009年6月第1頁共1頁目次1引言12我國遭受反傾銷的基本態(tài)勢121我國遭受反傾銷的現(xiàn)狀122我國遭受反傾銷的特征13反傾銷對我國的影響231反傾銷對我國一般貿(mào)易出口損害大232遭受反傾銷的出口品大量存積，沖擊國內(nèi)市場233反傾銷訴訟的增長導(dǎo)致惡性循環(huán)334反傾銷影響我國對國際市場的開拓335影響我國外商投資環(huán)境34應(yīng)對反傾銷的基本策略341轉(zhuǎn)變企業(yè)經(jīng)營觀念，積極應(yīng)訴342企業(yè)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)自身經(jīng)營水平，避免無序價格競爭443企業(yè)必須規(guī)范運作，健全財務(wù)制度和財務(wù)規(guī)范444加強(qiáng)建立反傾銷預(yù)警機(jī)制445加快高級專門人才培養(yǎng)，提高反傾銷能力5結(jié)論6致謝7參考文獻(xiàn)8

簡介：STABLEDETERMINISTICMULTITHREADINGTHROUGHSCHEDULEMEMOIZATIONHEMINGCUI,JINGYUEWU,CHIACHETSAI,JUNFENGYANG{HEMING,JINGYUE,CT2459,JUNFENG}CSCOLUMBIAEDUCOMPUTERSCIENCEDEPARTMENTCOLUMBIAUNIVERSITYNEWYORK,NY10027ABSTRACTADETERMINISTICMULTITHREADINGDMTSYSTEMELIMINATESNONDETERMINISMINTHREADSCHEDULING,SIMPLIFYINGTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMULTITHREADEDPROGRAMSHOWEVER,EXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSAREUNSTABLETHEYMAYFORCEAPROGRAMTOADVENTUREINTOVASTLYDIFFERENTSCHEDULESEVENFORSLIGHTLYDIFFERENTINPUTSOREXECUTIONENVIRONMENTS,DEFEATINGMANYBENEFITSOFDETERMINISMMOREOVER,FEWEXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSWORKWITHSERVERPROGRAMSWHOSEINPUTSARRIVECONTINUOUSLYANDNONDETERMINISTICALLYTERNISASTABLEDMTSYSTEMTHEKEYNOVELTYINTERNISTHEIDEAOFSCHEDULEMEMOIZATIONTHATMEMOIZESPASTWORKINGSCHEDULESANDREUSESTHEMONFUTUREINPUTS,MAKINGPROGRAMBEHAVIORSSTABLEACROSSDIFFERENTINPUTSASECONDNOVELTYINTERNISTHEIDEAOFWINDOWINGTHATEXTENDSSCHEDULEMEMOIZATIONTOSERVERPROGRAMSBYSPLITTINGCONTINUOUSREQUESTSTREAMSINTOWINDOWSOFREQUESTSOURTERNIMPLEMENTATIONRUNSONLINUXITOPERATESASUSERSPACESCHEDULERS,REQUIRINGNOCHANGESTOTHEOSANDONLYAFEWLINESOFCHANGESTOTHEAPPLICATIONPROGRAMSWEEVALUATEDTERNONADIVERSESETOF14PROGRAMSEG,APACHEANDMYSQLWITHREALANDSYNTHETICWORKLOADSOURRESULTSSHOWTHATTERNISEASYTOUSE,MAKESPROGRAMSMOREDETERMINISTICANDSTABLE,ANDHASREASONABLEOVERHEAD1INTRODUCTIONMULTITHREADEDPROGRAMSAREDIFFICULTTOWRITE,TEST,ANDDEBUGAKEYREASONISNONDETERMINISMDIFFERENTRUNSOFAMULTITHREADEDPROGRAMMAYSHOWDIFFERENTBEHAVIORS,DEPENDINGONHOWTHETHREADSINTERLEAVE35TWOMAINFACTORSMAKETHREADSINTERLEAVENONDETERMINISTICALLYTHEFIRSTISSCHEDULING,HOWTHEOSANDHARDWARESCHEDULETHREADSSCHEDULINGNONDETERMINISMISNOTESSENTIALANDCANBEELIMINATEDWITHOUTAFFECTINGCORRECTNESSFORMOSTPROGRAMSTHESECONDISINPUT,WHATDATAINPUTDATAARRIVESATWHATTIMEINPUTTIMINGINPUTNONDETERMINISMSOMETIMESISESSENTIALBECAUSEMAJORCHANGESININPUTSREQUIREDIFFERENTSCHEDULESHOWEVER,FREQUENTLYINPUTNONDETERMINISMISNOTESSENTIALANDTHESAMESCHEDULECANBEUSEDTOPROCESSMANYDIFFERENTINPUTS§22WEBELIEVENONESSENTIALNONDETERMINISMSHOULDBEELIMINATEDINFAVOROFDETERMINISMDETERMINISTICMULTITHREADINGDMTSYSTEMS13,22,41MAKETHREADSMOREDETERMINISTICBYELIMINATINGSCHEDULINGNONDETERMINISMSPECIFICALLY,THEYCONSTRAINAMULTITHREADEDPROGRAMSUCHTHATITALWAYSUSESTHESAMETHREADSCHEDULEFORTHESAMEINPUTBYDOINGSO,THESESYSTEMSMAKEPROGRAMBEHAVIORSREPEATABLE,INCREASETESTINGCONFIDENCE,ANDEASEBUGREPRODUCTIONUNFORTUNATELY,THOUGHEXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSELIMINATESCHEDULINGNONDETERMINISM,THEYDONOTREDUCEINPUTNONDETERMINISMINFACT,THEYMAYAGGRAVATETHEEFFECTSOFINPUTNONDETERMINISMBECAUSEOFTHEIRDESIGNLIMITATIONWHENSCHEDULINGTHETHREADSTOPROCESSANINPUT,THEYCONSIDERONLYTHISINPUTANDIGNOREPREVIOUSSIMILARINPUTSTHISSTATELESSDESIGNMAKESSCHEDULESOVERDEPENDENTONINPUTS,SOTHATASLIGHTCHANGETOINPUTSMAYFORCEAPROGRAMTOADVENTUREINTOAVASTLYDIFFERENT,POTENTIALLYBUGGYSCHEDULE,DEFEATINGMANYBENEFITSOFDETERMINISMWECALLTHISTHEINSTABILITYPROBLEMTHISPROBLEMISCONFIRMEDBYOURRESULTS§821FROMANEXISTINGDMTSYSTEM13INFACT,EVENWITHTHESAMEINPUT,EXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSMAYSTILLFORCEAPROGRAMINTODIFFERENTSCHEDULESFORMINORCHANGESINTHEEXECUTIONENVIRONMENTSUCHASPROCESSORTYPEANDSHAREDLIBRARYTHUS,DEVELOPERSMAYNOLONGERBEABLETOREPRODUCEBUGSBYRUNNINGTHEIRPROGRAMONTHEBUGINDUCINGINPUT,BECAUSETHEIRMACHINEMAYDIFFERFROMTHEMACHINEWHERETHEBUGOCCURREDTHISPAPERPRESENTSTERN,ASCHEDULECENTRIC,STATEFULDMTSYSTEMITADDRESSESTHEINSTABILITYPROBLEMUSINGANIDEACALLEDSCHEDULEMEMOIZATIONTHATMEMOIZESPASTWORKINGSCHEDULESANDREUSESTHEMFORFUTUREINPUTSSPECIFICALLY,TERNMAINTAINSACACHEOFPASTSCHEDULESANDTHEINPUTCONSTRAINTSREQUIREDTOREUSETHESESCHEDULESWHENANINPUTARRIVES,TERNCHECKSTHEINPUTAGAINSTTHEMEMOIZEDCONSTRAINTSFORACOMPATIBLESCHEDOURCHOICEOFSCHEDULEREPRESENTATIONINTERN§22,ANDWHYWECANREUSESCHEDULESACROSSINPUTS§2321THEINSTABILITYPROBLEMADMTSYSTEMIS,CONCEPTUALLY,AFUNCTIONTHATMAPSANINPUTITOASCHEDULESTHEPROPERTIESOFTHISFUNCTIONARETHATTHESAMEISHOULDMAPTOTHESAMESANDTHATSISAFEASIBLESCHEDULEFORPROCESSINGIASTABLEDMTSYSTEMSUCHASTERNHASANADDITIONALPROPERTYITMAPSSIMILARINPUTSTOTHESAMESCHEDULEEXISTINGDMTSYSTEMS,HOWEVER,TENDTOMAPSIMILARINPUTSTODIFFERENTSCHEDULES,THUSSUFFERINGFROMTHEINSTABILITYPROBLEMWEARGUETHATTHISPROBLEMISINHERENTINEXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSBECAUSETHEYARESTATELESSTHEYMUSTPROVIDETHESAMESCHEDULEFORANINPUTACROSSDIFFERENTRUNS,USINGINFORMATIONONLYFROMTHECURRENTRUNTOFORCETHREADSTOCOMMUNICATEEG,ACQUIRELOCKSORACCESSSHAREDMEMORYDETERMINISTICALLY,EXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSCANNOTRELYONPHYSICALCLOCKSINSTEAD,THEYMAINTAINALOGICALCLOCKPERTHREADTHATTICKSDETERMINISTICALLYBASEDONTHECODETHISTHREADHASRUNMOREOVER,THREADSMAYCOMMUNICATEONLYWHENTHEIRLOGICALCLOCKSHAVEDETERMINISTICVALUESEG,SMALLESTACROSSTHELOGICALCLOCKSOFALLTHREADS41BYINDUCTION,LOGICALCLOCKSMAKETHREADSDETERMINISTICHOWEVER,THEPROBLEMWITHLOGICALCLOCKSISTHATFOREFFICIENCY,THEYMUSTTICKATROUGHLYTHESAMERATETOPREVENTATHREADWITHASLOWERCLOCKFROMSTARVINGOTHERSTHUS,EXISTINGDMTSYSTEMSHAVETOTIETHEIRLOGICALCLOCKSTOLOWLEVELINSTRUCTIONSEXECUTEDEG,COMPLETEDLOADS41CONSEQUENTLY,ASMALLCHANGETOTHEINPUTOREXECUTIONENVIRONMENTMAYALTERAFEWINSTRUCTIONSEXECUTED,INTURNALTERINGTHELOGICALCLOCKSANDSUBSEQUENTTHREADCOMMUNICATIONSTHATIS,ASMALLCHANGETOTHEINPUTOREXECUTIONENVIRONMENTMAYCASCADEINTOAMUCHDIFFERENTEG,CORRECTVSBUGGYSCHEDULE22SCHEDULEREPRESENTATIONANDDETERMINISMPREVIOUSDMTSYSTEMSHAVECONSIDEREDTWOTYPESOFSCHEDULES1ADETERMINISTICORDEROFSHAREDMEMORYACCESSES13,22AND2ASYNCHRONIZATIONORDERIE,ATOTALORDEROFSYNCHRONIZATIONOPERATIONS41THEFIRSTTYPEOFSCHEDULESARETRULYDETERMINISTICEVENIFTHEREARERACES,BUTTHEYARECOSTLYTOENFORCEONCOMMODITYHARDWAREEG,UPTO10TIMESOVERHEAD13THESECONDTYPECANBEEFFICIENTLYENFORCEDEG,16OVERHEAD41BECAUSEMOSTCODEISNOTSYNCHRONIZATIONCODEANDCANRUNINPARALLELHOWEVER,THEYAREDETERMINISTICONLYFORINPUTSTHATLEADTORACEFREERUNS41,46TERNREPRESENTSSCHEDULESASSYNCHRONIZATIONORDERSFOREFFICIENCYANADDITIONALBENEFITISTHATSYNCHRONIZATIONORDERSCANBEREUSEDMOREFREQUENTLYTHANMEMORYACCESSORDERSCFNEXTSUBSECTIONMOREOVER,RESEARCHERSHAVEFOUNDTHATMANYCONCURRENCYERRORSARENOTDATAPROGRAMINPUTCONSTRAINTSFORSCHEDULEREUSEPBZIP2SAMENUMBEROFFILEBLOCKSNUMBLOCKSORBANDTHREADSPAPACHEFORGROUPSOFTYPICALHTTPGETREQUESTS,SAMECACHESTATUSANDRESPONSESIZESFFTSAMENUMBEROFTHREADSPLUSAMENUMBEROFTHREADSP,SIZEOFTHEMATRIXN,ANDBLOCKSIZEBBARNESSAMENUMBEROFTHREADSNPROCANDVALUESOFVARIABLESDTIMEANDTSTOPTABLE1INPUTCONSTRAINTSOFFIVEPROGRAMSTOREUSESCHEDULESIDENTIFIERSWITHOUTADASHARECONFIGURATIONVARIABLES,ANDTHOSEWITHADASHARECOMMANDLINEOPTIONSRACES,BUTATOMICITYANDORDERVIOLATIONS39THESEERRORSCANBEDETERMINISTICALLYREPRODUCEDORAVOIDEDUSINGONLYSYNCHRONIZATIONORDERSALTHOUGHDATARACESMAYSTILLMAKERUNSWHICHREUSESCHEDULESNONDETERMINISTIC,TERNISLESSPRONETOTHISPROBLEMTHANEXISTINGDMTSYSTEMS41BECAUSEITHASTHEFLEXIBILITYTOSELECTSCHEDULESIFITDETECTSARACEINAMEMOIZEDSCHEDULE,ITCANSIMPLYDISCARDTHISSCHEDULEANDMEMOIZEANOTHERTHISSELECTIONTASKISOFTENEASYBECAUSEMOSTSCHEDULESARERACEFREEINRARECASES,TERNMAYBEUNABLETOFINDARACEFREESCHEDULE,RESULTINGINNONDETERMINISTICRUNSHOWEVER,WEARGUETHATINPUTNONDETERMINISMCANNOTBEFULLYELIMINATEDANYWAY,SOWEMAYASWELLTOLERATESOMESCHEDULINGNONDETERMINISM,FOLLOWINGTHEENDTOENDARGUMENT23WHYCANWEREUSESCHEDULESTHISSUBSECTIONPRESENTSANINTUITIVEANDANEMPIRICALARGUMENTTOSUPPORTOURINSIGHTTHATWECANFREQUENTLYREUSESCHEDULESFORMANYPROGRAMS/WORKLOADSINTUITIVELY,SYNCHRONIZATIONOPERATIONSMAPTODEVELOPERINTENTSOFINTERTHREADCONTROLFLOWBYENFORCINGTHESAMESYNCHRONIZATIONORDER,WEFIXTHESAMEINTERTHREAD“PATH,”BUTSTILLALLOWMANYDIFFERENTINPUTSTOFLOWDOWNTHISPATHTHISOBSERVATIONISSIMILARLYMADEFORSEQUENTIALPATHS11,12,26TOEMPIRICALLYVALIDATEOURINSIGHT,WESTUDIEDTHEINPUTCONSTRAINTSTOREUSESCHEDULESFORFIVEPROGRAMS,INCLUDINGAPARALLELCOMPRESSIONUTILITYPBZIP2THEAPACHEWEBSERVERANDTHREESCIENTIFICPROGRAMSFFT,LU,ANDBARNESINSPLASH2TABLE1SHOWSTHERESULTSFORALLPROGRAMSSTUDIEDWEFOUNDTHATTHEINPUTCONSTRAINTSWEREOFTENGENERAL,ALLOWINGFREQUENTREUSESOFSCHEDULESFORINSTANCE,PBZIP2CANUSETHESAMESCHEDULETOCOMPRESSMANYDIFFERENTFILES,ASLONGASTHENUMBEROFTHREADSANDTHENUMBEROFFILEBLOCKSREMAINTHESAME3OVERVIEWOURDESIGNOFTERNADHERESTOTHEFOLLOWINGGOALS

簡介：國立華僑大學(xué)國立華僑大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文學(xué)士學(xué)位論文題目題目品牌體育用品企業(yè)的渠道建設(shè)與優(yōu)化研究院（系）院（系）工商管理學(xué)院專業(yè)市場營銷屆別2012屆學(xué)號0816103074姓名蘇文錦指導(dǎo)老師指導(dǎo)老師田建春（副教授）2012年5月目錄1緒論緒論11論題提出的背景1111研究問題的提出1112研究方法1113論文形成的總體框架212理論基礎(chǔ)知識闡釋213相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn)綜述42品牌體育用品企業(yè)的渠道建設(shè)研究品牌體育用品企業(yè)的渠道建設(shè)研究21從安踏窺探我國體育用品企業(yè)的營銷渠道建設(shè)的演變5211“草根”安踏的渠道建設(shè)之路5212中國品牌體育用品企業(yè)渠道建設(shè)的演變522中國體育用品產(chǎn)業(yè)的零售終端的價值分析723體育用品企業(yè)的線上虛擬渠道之于傳統(tǒng)實體渠道的競爭優(yōu)勢分析93品牌體育用品企業(yè)渠道建設(shè)中存在的典型問題品牌體育用品企業(yè)渠道建設(shè)中存在的典型問題31粗放式擴(kuò)張帶來的庫存隱患1132同質(zhì)化零售終端的內(nèi)耗1133網(wǎng)絡(luò)渠道與傳統(tǒng)渠道的渠道沖突114優(yōu)化品牌體育用品企業(yè)渠道建設(shè)的策略優(yōu)化品牌體育用品企業(yè)渠道建設(shè)的策略41重視渠道成員管理，提升渠道質(zhì)量1342零售終端專業(yè)化細(xì)分，著力打造品類專業(yè)店1343完善渠道整合，規(guī)避沖突，實現(xiàn)增值1444合理選擇零售業(yè)態(tài)組合1545渠道結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)向以終端市場建設(shè)為中心165結(jié)論結(jié)論51研究結(jié)論與建議1752研究局限與展望17參考文獻(xiàn)參考文獻(xiàn)

簡介：TRUSTANDPROTECTIONINTHEILLINOISBROWSEROPERATINGSYSTEMSHUOTANG,HAOHUIMAI,SAMUELTKINGUNIVERSITYOFILLINOISATURBANACHAMPAIGNABSTRACTCURRENTWEBBROWSERSARECOMPLEX,HAVEENORMOUSTRUSTEDCOMPUTINGBASES,ANDPROVIDEATTACKERSWITHEASYACCESSTOMODERNCOMPUTERSYSTEMSINTHISPAPERWEINTRODUCETHEILLINOISBROWSEROPERATINGSYSTEMIBOS,ANEWOPERATINGSYSTEMANDANEWBROWSERTHATREDUCESTHETRUSTEDCOMPUTINGBASEFORWEBBROWSERSINOURARCHITECTUREWEEXPOSEBROWSERLEVELABSTRACTIONSATTHELOWESTSOFTWARELAYER,ENABLINGUSTOREMOVEALMOSTALLTRADITIONALOSCOMPONENTSANDSERVICESFROMOURTRUSTEDCOMPUTINGBASEBYMAPPINGBROWSERABSTRACTIONSTOHARDWAREABSTRACTIONSDIRECTLYWESHOWTHATTHISARCHITECTUREISFLEXIBLEENOUGHTOENABLENEWBROWSERSECURITYPOLICIES,CANSTILLSUPPORTTRADITIONALAPPLICATIONS,ANDADDSLITTLEOVERHEADTOTHEOVERALLBROWSINGEXPERIENCE1INTRODUCTIONWEBBASEDAPPLICATIONSWEBAPPS,BROWSERS,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMSHAVEBECOMEPOPULARTARGETSFORATTACKERSOFCOMPUTERSYSTEMSVULNERABILITIESINWEBAPPSAREWIDESPREADANDINCREASINGFOREXAMPLE,CROSSSITESCRIPTINGXSS,WHICHISEFFECTIVELYAFORMOFSCRIPTINJECTIONINTOAWEBAPP,RECENTLYOVERTOOKTHEUBIQUITOUSBUFFEROVERFLOWASTHEMOSTCOMMONSECURITYVULNERABILITY50VULNERABILITIESINWEBBROWSERSARELESSCOMMONTHANWEBAPPVULNERABILITIES,BUTSTILLOCCUROFTENFOREXAMPLE,IN2009INTERNETEXPLORER,CHROME,SAFARI,ANDFIREFOXHAD349NEWSECURITYVULNERABILITIES4,ANDATTACKERSEXPLOITBROWSERSCOMMONLY53,37,42,41,4VULNERABILITIESINLIBRARIES,SYSTEMSERVICES,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMSARELESSCOMMONTHANVULNERABILITIESINBROWSERS,BUTARESTILLPROBLEMATICFORMODERNSYSTEMSFOREXAMPLE,GLIBC,GTK,X,ANDLINUXHAD114NEWSECURITYVULNERABILITIESIN20091,ANDIN2009THEMOSTCOMMONLYATTACKEDVULNERABILITYWASAREMOTECODEEXECUTIONBUGINTHEWINDOWSKERNEL4HOWEVER,NOTALLATTACKSONWEBAPPS,BROWSERS,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMSAREEQUALLYVIRULENTATTHETOPOFTHECOMPUTERSTACK,ATTACKSONWEBAPPS,SUCHASXSS,OPERATEWITHINCURRENTBROWSERSECURITYPOLICIESTHATCONTAINTHEDAMAGETOTHEVULNERABLEWEBAPPMOVINGDOWNTHECOMPUTERSTACK,ATTACKSONBROWSERSCANCAUSEMOREDAMAGEBECAUSEASUCCESSFULATTACKGIVESTHEATTACKERACCESSTOBROWSERDATAFORALLWEBAPPSANDACCESSTOOTHERRESOURCESONTHESYSTEMATTHELOWESTLAYERSOFTHECOMPUTERSTACK,ATTACKSONLIBRARIES,SHAREDSYSTEMSERVICES,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMSARETHEMOSTSERIOUSATTACKSBECAUSEATTACKERSCANACCESSARBITRARYSTATESANDEVENTS,GIVINGTHEMCOMPLETECONTROLOFTHESYSTEMOVERALL,THESETRENDSINDICATETHATVULNERABILITIESHIGHERINTHECOMPUTERSTACKAREMORECOMMON,BUTVULNERABILITIESLOWERINTHECOMPUTERSTACKPROVIDEATTACKERSWITHMORECONTROLANDAREMOREDAMAGINGINTHISPAPERWEFOCUSONPREVENTINGANDCONTAININGATTACKSONBROWSERS,LIBRARIES,SYSTEMSERVICES,ANDOPERATINGSYSTEMS–THELOWERLAYERSOFTHECOMPUTERSTACKCURRENTRESEARCHEFFORTSINTOMORESECUREWEBBROWSERSHELPIMPROVETHESECURITYOFBROWSERS,BUTREMAINSUSCEPTIBLETOATTACKSONLOWERLAYERSOFTHECOMPUTERSTACKTHEOPWEBBROWSER26,GAZELLE52,CHROME11,ANDCHROMEOS25PROPOSENEWBROWSERARCHITECTURESFORSEPARATINGTHEFUNCTIONALITYOFTHEBROWSERFROMSECURITYMECHANISMSANDPOLICIESHOWEVER,THESEMORESECUREWEBBROWSERSAREALLBUILTONTOPOFCOMMODITYOPERATINGSYSTEMSANDINCLUDECOMPLEXUSERMODELIBRARIESANDSHAREDSYSTEMSERVICESWITHINTHEIRTRUSTEDCOMPUTINGBASETCBEVENKERNELDESIGNSWITHSTRONGISOLATIONBETWEENOSCOMPONENTSEG,MICROKERNELS24,27,28ANDINFORMATIONFLOWKERNELS18,57,33STILLHAVEOSSERVICESTHATARESHAREDBYALLAPPLICATIONS,WHICHATTACKERSCANCOMPROMISEANDSTILLCAUSEDAMAGEHEREAREAFEWWAYSTHATANATTACKERCANSTILLCAUSEDAMAGETOMORESECUREWEBBROWSERSBUILTONTOPOFTRADITIONALOSES1HARDWAREBROWSERABSTRACTIONSIBOSKERNELL4REFERENCEMONITORUISTORAGEWEBPAGEINSTANCEWEBPAGEINSTANCEWEBPAGEINSTANCEMAPSCOMBINGCOMUIUCEDUUNIXLAYERTRADITIONALAPPLICATIONSLOCALHOSTMOUSE/KBDDRIVERNICDRIVERNETMANAGERNICMOUSE/KBDVIDEONETPROCESSESFIGURE1OVERALLIBOSARCHITECTUREOURSYSTEMCONTAINSUSERMODEDRIVERS,BROWSERSAPIMANAGERS,WEBPAGEINSTANCES,ANDTRADITIONALPROCESSESTOMANAGETHEINTERACTIONSBETWEENTHESECOMPONENTS,WEUSEAREFERENCEMONITORTHATRUNSWITHINOURIBOSKERNELSHADEDREGIONSMAKEUPTHETCB3MAINTAINCOMPATIBILITYWITHCURRENTBROWSERSECURITYPOLICIESOURPRIMARYGOALISTOIMPROVETHEENFORCEMENTOFCURRENTBROWSERPOLICIESWITHOUTCHANGINGCURRENTWEBBASEDAPPLICATIONS4EXPOSEENOUGHBROWSERSTATESANDEVENTSTOENABLENEWBROWSERSECURITYPOLICIESINADDITIONTOENFORCINGCURRENTBROWSERPOLICIES,WEWOULDLIKEOURARCHITECTURETOADAPTEASILYTOFUTUREBROWSERPOLICIES5AVOIDRULEBASEDOSSANDBOXINGFORBROWSERCOMPONENTSFUNDAMENTALLY,RULEBASEDOSSANDBOXINGISABOUTRESTRICTINGUNUSEDOROVERLYPERMISSIVEINTERFACESEXPOSEDBYTODAY’SOPERATINGSYSTEMSHOWEVER,SANDBOXINGSYSTEMSCANBECOMPLEXTHEUBUNTU1004SELINUXREFERENCEPOLICYUSESOVER104KLINESOFPOLICYCODEANDDIFFICULTTOIMPLEMENTCORRECTLY23,51IFOURARCHITECTUREREQUIRESOSSANDBOXINGFORBROWSERCOMPONENTSTHENWESHOULDRETHINKTHEARCHITECTURE22OVERALLARCHITECTUREFIGURE1SHOWSTHEOVERALLIBOSARCHITECTURETHEIBOSARCHITECTUREUSESABASICMICROKERNELAPPROACHWITHATHINKERNELFORMANAGINGHARDWAREANDFACILITATINGMESSAGEPASSINGBETWEENPROCESSESTHESYSTEMINCLUDESUSERMODEDEVICEDRIVERSFORINTERACTINGDIRECTLYWITHHARDWAREDEVICES,SUCHASNETWORKINTERFACECARDSNIC,ANDBROWSERAPIMANAGERSFORACCESSINGTHEDRIVERSANDIMPLEMENTINGBROWSERABSTRACTIONSTHEKEYBROWSERABSTRACTIONSTHATTHEBROWSERAPIMANAGERSIMPLEMENTAREHTTPREQUESTS,COOKIESANDLOCALSTORAGEFORSTOR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簡介：北京交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文國華公司風(fēng)力發(fā)電發(fā)展規(guī)劃研究姓名龔輝申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)工商管理指導(dǎo)教師周耀東20090601北京交通大學(xué)專業(yè)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACTWITHTHEEXCESSIVECONSUMPTIONOFTHEROUTINEENERGY，THEPROBLEMSOFENERGYCRISISANDPOLLUTIONBECOMEMOREANDMOREPROMINENT．THEPRESSUREFROMTHEENERGYSAVINGANDENVIRONMENTPROTECTIONMAKESTHEGOVERNMENTSINPUTMOREINTOTHERENEWABLEENERGIES．ASAKINDOFCLEANANDRENEWABLEENERGY，WINDPOWERHASGAINEDMOREANDMOREATTENTIONSFROMTHEGOVERNMENTSOFTHECOUNTRIESALLOVERTHEWORLD，ESPECIALLYFROMCOUNTRIESINEUROPEANDAMERICA．CHINAISINCREASINGLYSUBJECTEDTOGREATERPRESSUREFROMINTERNATIONALENVIRONMENTAL，ANDWILLALSOPUTFORWARDHIGHERREQUIREMENTSFORENTERPRISES．WILLDPOWERINDUSTRYDEVELOPMENTOFGUOHUAENERGYINVESTMENTCO，LTDHASJUSTBEGUN，SOSCALEINDUSTRIESISSMALL。ANDHASNOTYETFORMEDSPECIFICLONGTERMPLANNINGANDORDERLY．THISTHESISINCLUDESTHREEPARTS1FROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFSTRATEGICPLANNING，ACCORDINGTODOMESTICANDINTERNATIONALSTATUSANDDEVELOPMENTTRENDOFENERGY，THEDIRECTIONOFTHEWINDPOWERINDUSTRYDEVELOPMENTANDTHESTRATEGICDEVELOPMENTREQUIREMENTSOFGUOHUAENERGYINVESTMENTCO，LTD，THISTHESISCONDUCTINDEPTHANALYSISTHEINTERNALANDEXTEMALENVIRONMENTOFGUOHUAENERGYINVESTMENTCO，LTDUSINGINDUCTIONMETHODSANDCOMPARATIVEANALYSIS．2THISTHESISDETAILEDSTUDYTHECOMPANY’SOWNSTRENGTHS，WEAKNESSES，OPPORTUNITIESANDCHALLENGESUSINGSWOTANALYSIS．3THISTHESISPUTFORWARDASTRONGOPERATIONALPLANANDTHEORYWITHPRACTICEANALYSIS，THATPROVIDEAREFERENCETOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCOMPANY’SWINDPOWERINDUSTRY．KEYWORDSWINDPOWER；RENEWABLERESOURCES；SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT；SAFEGUARDSCI．ASSNO

簡介：分類號F207密級單位代碼10422學(xué)號2010220454碩士學(xué)位論文專業(yè)學(xué)位論文題目國有資產(chǎn)運營公司經(jīng)營管理模式分析MANAGEMENTMODELANALYSISOFTHESTATEOWNEDASSETMANAGEMENTCOMPANIES作者姓名M學(xué)院名稱辦雜專業(yè)學(xué)位名稱工業(yè)工程指導(dǎo)教師王新軍教授2012年11月24日原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文,是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下,獨立進(jìn)行研究所取得的成果。除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外,本論文不包含任何其他個人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的科研成果。對本文的研究作出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個人和集體,均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。本聲明的法律責(zé)任由本人承擔(dān)。論文作者簽名日期7JI2±關(guān)于學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)的聲明本人同意學(xué)校保留或向國家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的印刷件和電子版,允許論文被查閱和借閱本人授權(quán)山東大學(xué)可以將本學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行檢索,可以采用影印、縮印或其他復(fù)制手段保存論文和匯編本學(xué)位論文。保密論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此規(guī)定

簡介：FLEXSCFLEXIBLESYSTEMCALLSCHEDULINGWITHEXCEPTIONLESSSYSTEMCALLSLIVIOSOARESUNIVERSITYOFTORONTOMICHAELSTUMMUNIVERSITYOFTORONTOABSTRACTFORTHEPAST30YEARS,SYSTEMCALLSHAVEBEENTHEDEFACTOINTERFACEUSEDBYAPPLICATIONSTOREQUESTSERVICESFROMTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMKERNELSYSTEMCALLSHAVEALMOSTUNIVERSALLYBEENIMPLEMENTEDASASYNCHRONOUSMECHANISM,WHEREASPECIALPROCESSORINSTRUCTIONISUSEDTOYIELDUSERSPACEEXECUTIONTOTHEKERNELINTHEFIRSTPARTOFTHISPAPER,WEEVALUATETHEPERFORMANCEIMPACTOFTRADITIONALSYNCHRONOUSSYSTEMCALLSONSYSTEMINTENSIVEWORKLOADSWESHOWTHATSYNCHRONOUSSYSTEMCALLSNEGATIVELYAFFECTPERFORMANCEINASIGNIFICANTWAY,PRIMARILYBECAUSEOFPIPELINEFLUSHINGANDPOLLUTIONOFKEYPROCESSORSTRUCTURESEG,TLB,DATAANDINSTRUCTIONCACHES,ETCWEPROPOSEANEWMECHANISMFORAPPLICATIONSTOREQUESTSERVICESFROMTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMKERNELEXCEPTIONLESSSYSTEMCALLSTHEYIMPROVEPROCESSOREFFICIENCYBYENABLINGFLEXIBILITYINTHESCHEDULINGOFOPERATINGSYSTEMWORK,WHICHINTURNCANLEADTOSIGNIFICANTLYINCREASEDTEMPORALANDSPACIALLOCALITYOFEXECUTIONINBOTHUSERANDKERNELSPACE,THUSREDUCINGPOLLUTIONEFFECTSONPROCESSORSTRUCTURESEXCEPTIONLESSSYSTEMCALLSAREPARTICULARLYEFFECTIVEONMULTICOREPROCESSORSTHEYPRIMARILYTARGETHIGHLYTHREADEDSERVERAPPLICATIONS,SUCHASWEBSERVERSANDDATABASESERVERSWEPRESENTFLEXSC,ANIMPLEMENTATIONOFEXCEPTIONLESSSYSTEMCALLSINTHELINUXKERNEL,ANDANACCOMPANYINGUSERMODETHREADPACKAGEFLEXSCTHREADS,BINARYCOMPATIBLEWITHPOSIXTHREADS,THATTRANSLATESLEGACYSYNCHRONOUSSYSTEMCALLSINTOEXCEPTIONLESSONESTRANSPARENTLYTOAPPLICATIONSWESHOWHOWFLEXSCIMPROVESPERFORMANCEOFAPACHEBYUPTO116,MYSQLBYUPTO40,ANDBINDBYUPTO105WHILEREQUIRINGNOMODIFICATIONSTOTHEAPPLICATIONS1INTRODUCTIONSYSTEMCALLSARETHEDEFACTOINTERFACETOTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMKERNELTHEYAREUSEDTOREQUESTSERVICESOFFEREDBY,ANDIMPLEMENTEDINTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMKERNELWHILE020004000600080001000012000140001600003050709111315SYSCALLIMPACTONUSERMODEIPCTIMEINCYCLESUSERMODEIPCHIGHERISFASTERSYSCALLEXCEPTIONLOSTPERFORMANCECYCLESFIGURE1USERMODEINSTRUCTIONSPERCYCLESIPCOFXALANFROMSPECCPU2006INRESPONSETOASYSTEMCALLEXCEPTIONEVENT,ASMEASUREDONANINTELCOREI7PROCESSORDIFFERENTOPERATINGSYSTEMSOFFERAVARIETYOFDIFFERENTSERVICES,THEBASICUNDERLYINGSYSTEMCALLMECHANISMHASBEENCOMMONONALLCOMMERCIALMULTIPROCESSEDOPERATINGSYSTEMSFORDECADESSYSTEMCALLINVOCATIONTYPICALLYINVOLVESWRITINGARGUMENTSTOAPPROPRIATEREGISTERSANDTHENISSUINGASPECIALMACHINEINSTRUCTIONTHATRAISESASYNCHRONOUSEXCEPTION,IMMEDIATELYYIELDINGUSERMODEEXECUTIONTOAKERNELMODEEXCEPTIONHANDLERTWOIMPORTANTPROPERTIESOFTHETRADITIONALSYSTEMCALLDESIGNARETHAT1APROCESSOREXCEPTIONISUSEDTOCOMMUNICATEWITHTHEKERNEL,AND2ASYNCHRONOUSEXECUTIONMODELISENFORCED,ASTHEAPPLICATIONEXPECTSTHECOMPLETIONOFTHESYSTEMCALLBEFORERESUMINGUSERMODEEXECUTIONBOTHOFTHESEEFFECTSRESULTINPERFORMANCEINEFFICIENCIESONMODERNPROCESSORSTHEINCREASINGNUMBEROFAVAILABLETRANSISTORSONACHIPMOORE’SLAWHAS,OVERTHEYEARS,LEDTOINCREASINGLYSOPHISTICATEDPROCESSORSTRUCTURES,SUCHASSUPERSCALARANDOUTOFORDEREXECUTIONUNITS,MULTILEVELCACHES,ANDBRANCHPREDICTORSTHESEPROCESSORSTRUCTURESHAVE,INTURN,LEDTOALARGEINCREASEINTHEPERFORMANCEPOTENTIALOFSOFTWARE,BUTATTHESAMETIMETHEREISAWIDENINGGAPBETWEENTHEPERFORMANCEOFEFFICIENTSOFTWAREANDTHEPERFORMANCEOFINEFFICIENTSOFTWARE,PRIMARILYDUETOTHEINCREASINGDISPARITYOFACCESSINGDIFFERENTPROCESSORRESOURCESEG,REGISTERSVSCACHESVSMEMORYSERVERANDSYSTEMINTENSIVEWORKLOADS,WHICHAREOFPARTICULARSYSCALLINSTRUCTIONSCYCLESIPCICACHEDCACHEL2L3DTLBSTAT49721358503732186660255921PREAD37391230003032294679216020PWRITE56893128501850373985316044OPENCLOSE66311916203447240900353428MMAPMUNMAP8977190790474123386939137OPENWRITECLOSE992132815030784811462510549TABLE1SYSTEMCALLFOOTPRINTOFDIFFERENTPROCESSORSTRUCTURESFORTHEPROCESSORSSTRUCTURESCACHESANDTLB,THENUMBERSREPRESENTNUMBEROFENTRIESEVICTEDTHECACHELINEFORTHEPROCESSORISOF64BYTESICACHEANDDCACHEREFERTOTHEINSTRUCTIONANDDATASECTIONSOFTHEL1CACHE,RESPECTIVELYTHEDTLBREPRESENTSTHEDATAPORTIONOFTHETLBKERNELSTACK,CHANGINGTHEPROTECTIONDOMAIN,ANDREDIRECTINGEXECUTIONTOTHEREGISTEREDEXCEPTIONHANDLERSUBSEQUENTLY,RETURNFROMEXCEPTIONISNECESSARYTORESUMEEXECUTIONINUSERMODEWEMEASUREDTHEMODESWITCHTIMEBYIMPLEMENTINGANEWSYSTEMCALL,GETTSCTHATOBTAINSTHETIMESTAMPCOUNTEROFTHEPROCESSORANDIMMEDIATELYRETURNSTOUSERMODEWECREATEDASIMPLEBENCHMARKTHATINVOKEDGETTSC1BILLIONTIMES,RECORDINGTHETIMESTAMPBEFOREANDAFTEREACHCALLTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENEACHOFTHETHREETIMESTAMPSIDENTIFIESTHENUMBEROFCYCLESNECESSARYTOENTERANDLEAVETHEOPERATINGSYSTEMKERNEL,NAMELY79CYCLESAND71CYCLES,RESPECTIVELYTHETOTALROUNDTRIPTIMEFORTHEGETTSCSYSTEMCALLISMODESTAT150CYCLES,BEINGLESSTHANTHELATENCYOFAMEMORYACCESSTHATMISSESTHEPROCESSORCACHES250CYCLESONOURMACHINE322SYSTEMCALLFOOTPRINTTHEMODESWITCHTIME,HOWEVER,ISONLYPARTOFTHECOSTOFASYSTEMCALLDURINGKERNELMODEEXECUTION,PROCESSORSTRUCTURESINCLUDINGTHEL1DATAANDINSTRUCTIONCACHES,TRANSLATIONLOOKASIDEBUFFERSTLB,BRANCHPREDICTIONTABLES,PREFETCHBUFFERS,ASWELLASLARGERUNIFIEDCACHESL2ANDL3,AREPOPULATEDWITHKERNELSPECIFICSTATETHEREPLACEMENTOFUSERMODEPROCESSORSTATEBYKERNELMODEPROCESSORSTATEISREFERREDTOASTHEPROCESSORSTATEPOLLUTIONCAUSEDBYASYSTEMCALLTOQUANTIFYTHEPOLLUTIONCAUSEDBYSYSTEMCALLS,WEUSEDTHECOREI7HAR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簡介：EFFICIENTSYSTEMENFORCEDDETERMINISTICPARALLELISMAMITTAIAVIRAM,SHUCHUNWENG,SENHU,BRYANFORDYALEUNIVERSITYABSTRACTDETERMINISTICEXECUTIONOFFERSMANYBENEFITSFORDEBUGGING,FAULTTOLERANCE,ANDSECURITYCURRENTMETHODSOFEXECUTINGPARALLELPROGRAMSDETERMINISTICALLY,HOWEVER,OFTENINCURHIGHCOSTS,ALLOWMISBEHAVEDSOFTWARETODEFEATREPEATABILITY,ANDTRANSFORMTIMEDEPENDENTRACESINTOINPUTORPATHDEPENDENTRACESWITHOUTELIMINATINGTHEMWEINTRODUCEANEWPARALLELPROGRAMMINGMODELADDRESSINGTHESEISSUES,ANDUSEDETERMINATOR,APROOFOFCONCEPTOS,TODEMONSTRATETHEMODEL’SPRACTICALITYDETERMINATOR’SMICROKERNELAPIPROVIDESONLY“SHAREDNOTHING”ADDRESSSPACESANDDETERMINISTICINTERPROCESSCOMMUNICATIONPRIMITIVESTOMAKEEXECUTIONOFALLUNPRIVILEGEDCODEWELLBEHAVEDORNOTPRECISELYREPEATABLEATOPTHISMICROKERNEL,DETERMINATOR’SUSERLEVELRUNTIMEADAPTSOPTIMISTICREPLICATIONTECHNIQUESTOOFFERAPRIVATEWORKSPACEMODELFORBOTHTHREADLEVELANDPROCESSLEVELPARALLELPROGRAMINGTHISMODELAVOIDSTHEINTRODUCTIONOFREAD/WRITEDATARACES,ANDCONVERTSWRITE/WRITERACESINTORELIABLYDETECTEDCONFLICTSCOARSEGRAINEDPARALLELBENCHMARKSPERFORMANDSCALECOMPARABLYTONONDETERMINISTICSYSTEMS,ONBOTHMULTICOREPCSANDACROSSNODESINADISTRIBUTEDCLUSTER1INTRODUCTIONWEOFTENWISHTORUNSOFTWAREDETERMINISTICALLY,SOTHATFROMAGIVENINPUTITALWAYSPRODUCESTHESAMEOUTPUTDETERMINISMISTHEFOUNDATIONOFREPLAYDEBUGGING37,39,46,56,FAULTTOLERANCE15,18,50,ANDACCOUNTABILITYMECHANISMS30,31METHODSOFINTRUSIONANALYSIS22,34ANDTIMINGCHANNELCONTROL4FURTHERASSUMETHESYSTEMCANENFORCEDETERMINISMEVENONMALICIOUSCODEDESIGNEDTOEVADEANALYSISEXECUTINGPARALLELSOFTWAREDETERMINISTICALLYISCHALLENGING,HOWEVER,BECAUSETHREADSSHARINGANADDRESSSPACEORPROCESSESSHARINGRESOURCESSUCHASFILESYSTEMSAREPRONETONONDETERMINISTIC,TIMINGDEPENDENTRACES3,40,42,43USERSPACETECHNIQUESFORPARALLELDETERMINISTICEXECUTION8,10,20,21,44SHOWPROMISEBUTHAVELIMITATIONSFIRST,BYRELYINGONADETERMINISTICSCHEDULERRESIDINGINTHEAPPLICATIONPROCESS,THEYPERMITBUGGYORMALICIOUSAPPLICATIONSTOCOMPROMISEDETERMINISMBYINTERFERINGWITHTHESCHEDULERSECOND,DETERMINISTICSCHEDULERSEMULATECONVENTIONALAPISBYSYNTHESIZINGAREPEATABLEBUTARBITRARYSCHEDULEOFINTERTHREADINTERACTIONS,OFTENUSINGANINSTRUCTIONCOUNTERASANARTIFICIALTIMEMETRICDATARACESREMAIN,THEREFORE,BUTTHEIRMANIFESTATIONDEPENDSSUBTLYONINPUTSANDCODEPATHLENGTHSINSTEADOFON“REAL”TIMETHIRD,THEUSERLEVELINSTRUMENTATIONREQUIREDTOISOLATEANDSCHEDULETHREADS’MEMORYACCESSESCANINCURCONSIDERABLEOVERHEAD,EVENONCOARSEGRAINEDCODETHATSYNCHRONIZESRARELYTOMEETTHESOFTWAREDEVELOPMENT,DEBUGGING,ANDSECURITYCHALLENGESTHATUBIQUITOUSPARALLELISMPRESENTS,ITMAYBEINSUFFICIENTTOSHOEHORNTHESTANDARDNONDETERMINISTICPROGRAMMINGMODELINTOASYNTHETICEXECUTIONSCHEDULEINSTEADWEPROPOSETORETHINKTHEBASICMODELITSELFWEWOULDLIKEAPARALLELENVIRONMENTTHATAIS“DETERMINISTICBYDEFAULT”12,40,EXCEPTWHENWEINJECTNONDETERMINISMEXPLICITLYVIAEXTERNALINPUTSBINTRODUCESNODATARACES,EITHERATTHEMEMORYACCESSLEVEL25,43ORATHIGHERSEMANTICLEVELS3CCANENFORCEDETERMINISMONARBITRARY,COMPROMISEDORMALICIOUSCODEFORSECURITYREASONSANDDISEFFICIENTENOUGHTOUSEFOR“NORMALCASE”EXECUTIONOFDEPLOYEDCODE,NOTJUSTFORINSTRUMENTATIONDURINGDEVELOPMENTASASTEPTOWARDSUCHAMODEL,WEPRESENTDETERMINATOR,APROOFOFCONCEPTOSDESIGNEDAROUNDTHEABOVEGOALSDUETOITSOSLEVELAPPROACH,DETERMINATORSUPPORTSEXISTINGLANGUAGES,CANENFORCEDETERMINISTICEXECUTIONNOTONLYONASINGLEPROCESSBUTONGROUPSOFINTERACTINGPROCESSES,ANDCANPREVENTMALICIOUSUSERLEVELCODEFROMSUBVERTINGTHEKERNEL’SGUARANTEEOFDETERMINISMINORDERTOEXPLORETHEDESIGNSPACEFREELY,DETERMINATORTAKESA“CLEANSLATE”APPROACH,MAKINGFEWCOMPROMISESFORBACKWARDCOMPATIBILITYWITHEXISTINGKERNELSORAPISDETERMINATOR’SPROGRAMMINGMODELCOULDBEIMPLEMENTEDINALEGACYKERNELFORBACKWARDCOMPATIBILITY,HOWEVER,ASPARTOFA“DETERMINISTICSANDBOX”FOREXAMPLE9DETERMINATOR’SUSERLEVELRUNTIMEALSOPROVIDESLIMITEDEMULATIONOFTHEUNIXPROCESS,THREAD,ANDFILEAPIS,TOSIMPLIFYAPPLICATIONPORTINGDETERMINATOR’SKERNELENFORCESDETERMINISMBYDENYINGUSERCODEDIRECTACCESSTOHARDWARERESOURCESWHOSEUSECANYIELDNONDETERMINISTICBEHAVIOR,INCLUDINGREALTIMECLOCKS,CYCLECOUNTERS,ANDWRITABLESHAREDMEMORYDETERMINATORCONSTRAINSUSERCODETORUNWITHINAHIERARCHYOFSINGLETHREADED,PROCESSLIKESPACES,EACHHAVINGAPRIVATEVIRTUALADDRESSSPACETHEKERNEL’SLOWLEVELAPIPROVIDESONLYTHREESYSTEMCALLS,WITHWHICHASPACECANSYNCHRONIZEANDCOMMUNICATEWITHITSIMMEDIATEPARENTANDCHILDRENPOTENTIALLYUSEFULSOURCESOFNONDETERMINISM,SUCHASTIMERS,DETERMINATORENCAPSULATESINTOI/ODEVICES,WHICHUNPRIVILEGEDSPACESCANACCESSCATE,VERIFY,ORANALYZEAPROGRAM’SEXECUTIONHISTORYREPLAYCANBEEFFICIENTWHENONLYI/ONEEDBELOGGED,ASFORAUNIPROCESSORVIRTUALMACHINE22,BUTBECOMESMUCHMORECOSTLYIFINTERNALSOURCESOFNONDETERMINISMDUETOPARALLELISMMUSTALSOBEREPLAYED19,23DETERMINATORTHEREFORETRANSFORMSUSEFULSOURCESOFNONDETERMINISMINTOEXPLICITI/O,WHICHAPPLICATIONSMAYOBTAINVIACONTROLLABLECHANNELS,ANDELIMINATESONLYINTERNALNONDETERMINISMRESULTINGFROMPARALLELISMIFANAPPLICATIONCALLSGETTIMEOFDAY,FOREXAMPLE,THENASUPERVISINGPROCESSCANINTERCEPTTHISI/OTOLOG,REPLAY,ORSYNTHESIZETHESEEXPLICITTIMEINPUTS22ARACEFREEMODELFORSHAREDSTATECONVENTIONALSYSTEMSGIVETHREADSDIRECT,CONCURRENTACCESSTOMANYFORMSOFSHAREDSTATE,SUCHASSHAREDMEMORYANDFILESYSTE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簡介：畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）吹掃氣激冷器設(shè)計PURGINGDEVICESHOCKCOOLERDESIGN班級過程裝備071學(xué)生姓名王敬之學(xué)號730410128指導(dǎo)教師王敏/周波職稱副教授/助教導(dǎo)師單位機(jī)械工程系論文提交日期2009年11月30日一．選題意義及背景換熱器是實現(xiàn)化工生產(chǎn)過程中熱量交換和傳遞不可缺少的設(shè)備。在石油、化工、輕工、制藥、能源等工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，常常需要把低溫流體加熱或者把高溫流體冷卻，把液體汽化成蒸汽或者把蒸汽冷凝成液體。這些過程均和熱量傳遞有著密切聯(lián)系，因而均可以通過換熱器來完成。本課題就是利用相關(guān)知識，設(shè)計出達(dá)到工藝所規(guī)定的要求，同時強(qiáng)度、結(jié)構(gòu)可靠，便于制造、安裝和檢修，以及經(jīng)濟(jì)上合理的吹掃氣激冷器，滿足生產(chǎn)需要。二．畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）主要內(nèi)容設(shè)計參數(shù)介質(zhì)R22H2、HCL氣液混合工作溫度（進(jìn)出口）/℃33/4331/400工作壓力（絕壓）009015流量（KG/S）自己確定，可?。?20）之間一值未知具體內(nèi)容1完成設(shè)計論文2完成吹掃氣激冷器主體和零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)和強(qiáng)度設(shè)計3完成A1圖紙不少于三張（總裝配圖和零件圖）三．計劃進(jìn)度1第一周查閱資料，完成論文的緒論，并對換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)和強(qiáng)度設(shè)計有所認(rèn)識。2第二周和第三周完成熱工計算、吹掃氣激冷器的結(jié)構(gòu)和強(qiáng)度設(shè)計。3第四周根據(jù)自己的設(shè)計，繪制出換熱器的總裝配圖和零件圖。4第五周查缺補(bǔ)漏，修改論文和圖紙等，并提交畢業(yè)設(shè)計相關(guān)資料，準(zhǔn)備答辯。四．畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）結(jié)束應(yīng)提交的材料1畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）報告2畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文評閱表和交叉評閱表3答辯評分表4論文真實性承諾及指導(dǎo)教師聲明5設(shè)計計算書6圖紙指導(dǎo)教師教研室主任年月日年月

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簡介：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文含AL熱噴涂涂層的高溫表現(xiàn)與AL擴(kuò)散機(jī)制姓名張忠禮申請學(xué)位級別博士專業(yè)材料加工工程指導(dǎo)教師李德元20070526沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTOXIDATIONANDHOTCORROSIONARETHEMAINREASONSOFWHICHTHEMACHINESORPARTSUSEDATELEVATEDTEMPERATURESDEGRADE．111EOXIDATIONRESISTANCEOFMETALMATERIALSMAINLYDEPENDSONTHEPROPEAIESOFTHEOXIDEFORMEDONTHEMETALSURFACE．ALUMINUMISONEOFTHEBESTCANDIDATESSINCEALUMINAFILNLISSTABLE，DENSEANDCONTINUOUS．MATERIALS，SUCHASSTEEL，COPPERANDNICKEL．ALLOYEDWITHALUMINUMAREGOODOXIDATIONRESISTANTANDHOTCORROSIONRESISTANT．ITISWELLKNOWNTHATHIGHTEMPERATUREOXIDATIONANDHOTCORROSIONTAKEPLACEONTHESURFACEOFMATERIALS．INORDERTOPROTECTSTEELANDCOPPERPARTSUSEDATELEVATEDTEMPERATURESFROMOXIDATIONANDHOTCORROSION,ARCSPRAYEDALUMINUMCOATINGSANDALUMINUMBASEDCOATINGSWERESTUDIEDINTHISDISSERTATION．TOESTIMATETHEBEHAVIORSOFTHECOATINGSATELEVATEDTEMPERATURE，SOMEHOTCORROSIONTESTSANDCONTINUOUSOXIDATIONKINETICSTESTSWEREPERFORMED．BYUSINGSCANNINGELECTRONMICROSCOPYSEM，ELECTRONPROBEMICROANALYZEREPMAANDXRAYDIFFRACTIONANA／YZER,THESURFACEMORPHOLOGYOFCOATINGSANDTHEMICROSTMCTUREOFTHEDIFFUSIONLAYERSFORMEDINTHECOATINGSANDSUBSTRATESWEREEXAMINED．ALSO，THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHEPROCESSPARAMETERS，THECOMPOSITIONOFCOATINGANDTHETHICKNESSOFTHEDIFFUSIONLAYERSWERESTUDIEDINTHISWORK．INADDITION,THEINTERDIFFUSIVITIESOFTHEELEMENTSINALUMINIZEDLAYERSWERECALCULATEDBYUSINGFINITEELEMENTMETHODS．NERESULTSOFTHEEXPERIMENTSREVEALEDTHATTHEARCSPRAYEDSINGLECOATINGSOFALUMINUM,ALUMINUMBRONZEORFECNUANDTHECOMPOSITECOATINGSOFALUMINUM／ALUMINUMBRONZ￡ORALUMINUM／FECRALCOULDWELLPROTECTTHESTEELSUBSTRATEFROMHIGHTEMPERATUREOXIDATION,THECOMPOSITECOATINGSESPECIALLYBEINGBETTER．THEHIGHTEMPERATURESULPHURATIONTESTSINSITUGAVEASTRONGPROOFTHATALUMINURN／FECRALCOMPOSITECOATINGSPROVIDEDAGOODPRESERVATIONTOGRAYIRONSUBSTMTE．UNDERTHECONDITIONSOFHIGHSULPHURANDLOWOXYGENATMOSPHEREATELEVATEDTEMPERATURE，THEINTERDIFFUSIONOFTHEELEMENTSINTHECOMPOSITECOATINGSRESULTEDINTHEFORMATIONOFANINTERMETALLICCOMPOUND,A1CRFE2．111EREFORE．THECOATINGSWEREOXIDATION．RESISTANTANDSULPHURATIONRESISTANTSINCETHEREWASAPRESERVATIVEALUMINALAYERFORMEDONTHEIRSURFACE．WHENTHESPECIMENSCOATEDWITHALUMINUMWEREHEATEDATHI曲TEMPERATURES，ANINTERMETALLICCOMPOUND，F(xiàn)E2A15，WASFORMEDONTHEM，BECAUSEOFTHEINTERDIFFUSIONOFALUMINUMANDIRONATOMS．ITWASFOUNDTHATTHEPROCESSPARAMETERSANDTHETHICKNESSOFASSPRAYEDALUMINUMCOATINGCOULDGREATLYEFFECTONTHETHICKNESSOFTHEDIFFUSEDLAYERS．NETHICKERTHEARCSPRAYEDALUMINUMCOATING,THETHICKERTHEDIFFUSIONLAYERSATTHETEMPERATURESRANGINGFROM700～1100℃．ITISMUCHTHESAMEASSTEELTHATTHETHICKNESSOFDIFFUSIONLAYERSWASEFFECTEDONBVTILETHICKNESSOFASSPRAYEDALUMINUMCOATINGONTHECOPPERSUBSTRATE．THEREWERETWOLAYERSINTHEⅡ

簡介：1呼和浩特市大青山干旱陽坡不同造林類型模式研究呼和浩特市大青山干旱陽坡不同造林類型模式研究陳紅芬（呼和浩特市林業(yè)局）內(nèi)容摘要內(nèi)容摘要呼和浩特市大青山前干旱陽坡是自治區(qū)首府的重要生態(tài)區(qū)域。其造林立地條件差，干旱少雨，蒸發(fā)量大，土層薄，肥力差，植被少，地形、地貌形態(tài)明顯。選擇適宜的造林類型模式是提高大青山前干旱陽坡造林成活率與保存率的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)鍵詞干旱陽坡立地類型造林模式關(guān)鍵詞干旱陽坡立地類型造林模式呼和浩特市大青山前山地區(qū)為干旱陽坡，其范圍在土左旗、回民區(qū)、新城區(qū)、賽罕區(qū)和市烏素圖林場境內(nèi)，土層薄、肥力差、植被少，地形、地貌明顯。根據(jù)上述自然特點以及影響造林和林木生長的主導(dǎo)因子，將項目區(qū)劃分為8個立地類型和5個造林典型模式。1、立地類型劃分1、立地類型劃分11．立地類型號Ⅰ111立地類型名稱山地陽坡薄層土型112地形地勢山地陽坡和山地中上部及山頂，海拔12002200米，坡度大于16°。113土壤粗骨質(zhì)土，土層厚小于30厘米。114天然植被灌木、黃刺玫等；草本針茅、嵩類、百里香、狼毒。12．立地類型號Ⅱ121立地類型名稱山地陽坡中厚層土型。122地形地勢山地陽坡中部、半陽坡，海拔13001500米，坡度115°。123土壤石灰性灰褐土，土層厚大于30厘米。124天然植被灌木虎榛子、繡線菊、山榆、山櫻桃、錦雞兒；草本羊草、318．立地類型號Ⅷ181立地類型名稱山前洪積扇砂礫質(zhì)型。182地形地勢山坡坡腳，海拔10001100米。183土壤沖洪積物、新積土，土層厚30100厘米。184天然植被2、造林類型模式2、造林類型模式21．適合立地類型ⅠⅢⅥ號211林種水源涵養(yǎng)林、水土保持林212整地時間造林前一年或當(dāng)年雨季前方式魚鱗坑，體現(xiàn)大坑和深坑，注意稀植規(guī)格長徑2米，短徑08米，深06米，埂寬03米（可石筑）回填熟土03米（土層太薄要客土）。213造林時間春季、雨季、秋季。主要造林樹種山杏、黃刺玫、繡線菊?；旖环绞街觊g、行間、帶狀、塊狀。密度4070株/畝。每穴1株苗或每穴35粒種子。種苗直播種子要求頭年產(chǎn)、有防啃、生根等劑包衣，苗木要求1年生實生苗，經(jīng)生根粉和粘漿截干處理。注意苗木不可失水。種植的根系舒展、分層填土、座水造林、踏實、澆水、覆土或覆膜、鎮(zhèn)壓石塊，每一道工序都要到位。214補(bǔ)植成活率在4184的造林地，在造林后一個季節(jié)或年度開始補(bǔ)植，采取“一造三補(bǔ)”的方式，即一季造林三季補(bǔ)植，一年造林三年補(bǔ)植。215撫育喬木4年5次，灌木3年3次，主要內(nèi)容是鋤草、松土、培埂，在特殊干旱的年份要采取人工澆水。22．適合立地類型Ⅱ、Ⅶ221林種水源涵養(yǎng)林、水土保持林222整地時間造林前一年或間隔一個雨季方式魚鱗坑，體現(xiàn)大坑和深坑，注意稀植規(guī)格長徑2米，短徑08米，深06米，埂寬03米

簡介：1/10名稱場數(shù)導(dǎo)致的雷電火爆災(zāi)難揭密名稱場數(shù)導(dǎo)致的雷電火爆災(zāi)難揭密隱龍正曦論文摘要論文摘要自然界存在著法則規(guī)律，這些規(guī)律能夠被漢易象數(shù)揭示表達(dá)出來，并讓人們?yōu)橹J(rèn)識和利用。漢易場數(shù)學(xué)就是以漢易數(shù)爻卦象場來全面闡釋中文名稱和時空與命理規(guī)律并經(jīng)世致用的新學(xué)說。本文從名稱場數(shù)的角度，立足于詳實的資料數(shù)據(jù)和易學(xué)常識與學(xué)說理論，對雷電火爆災(zāi)難、人體自燃自爆等古今難題奧妙進(jìn)行了剖解與揭示，闡釋了名稱與天地間雷電火爆的場數(shù)吉兇效應(yīng)，并為如何順應(yīng)自然和利用自然與趨吉避兇提供了新的思想觀念和原理方法與應(yīng)用解決途徑。關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞漢易場數(shù)學(xué)，名稱場，雷爆場，時空場，雷劈數(shù)，人體自燃，人體自爆。一、前言一、前言無極生太極，太極生兩儀；兩儀生四象，四象生八卦；八卦定吉兇，吉兇成大業(yè)。無名，天地之始；有名，萬物之母。名稱，作為溝通天地人物的媒介，是人類從蒙昧邁入文明時代的重要標(biāo)志。名呼啟應(yīng)，字用通靈；無名人物均無用，有字天地才有華。千百年來，有關(guān)名稱文化的研究，眾說紛紜，莫衷一是。萬物同根，天人合一。世界（宇宙/時空/陰陽）是一個有機(jī)的整體，萬事萬物都是相互依存的，并且是有規(guī)律法則的，是可以通過漢易的途徑加以認(rèn)知和利用的。中文漢字是人類文明的結(jié)晶，是（明暗/隱顯/陰陽物質(zhì)、能量和信息的文化載體。中文名稱存在著場數(shù)效應(yīng)和場數(shù)規(guī)律，是溝通社會人事物和天地陰陽五行的媒介與載體，與人體和人事有著緊密有序的吉兇禍福關(guān)系。易為天地準(zhǔn)，圣人則之。自從人文始祖伏羲畫卦用符播種文明以來，雖然中文漢字在形音義的表現(xiàn)形式方面的發(fā)展，一直遵循通變致久的應(yīng)天順運原則，但是文字本身始終堅持通過它們所擁有的筆畫數(shù)，依照易學(xué)法則牢固地契合天地人并蘊含溝通天地間的明暗隱顯之物質(zhì)、能量和信息。這是中文漢字產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的根本法則，是漢易場數(shù)學(xué)揭示的千古玄密與貢獻(xiàn)。中文漢字是遵循易學(xué)天人合一精神原則而創(chuàng)制與演化的，具有超越形音義的全息妙用，具有拼音文字所無可比擬的功能效用，漢易場數(shù)學(xué)就是如是真理的實驗明證。從古至今，中文漢字由卦符到甲骨文，由隸書到楷書，由繁體到簡體，漢字的發(fā)展史就是易道的應(yīng)運濟(jì)世史。易學(xué)為中華文明的源頭活水，傳承中華文明的文字載體也是能夠溝通天地人事物的易學(xué)文明結(jié)晶。易根道干儒葉佛果，佛心道骨易體儒表。這就是幾千年來中華文明和龍的傳人生生不息、未曾中斷變更的根本原因。3/10為驅(qū)動全場變化的主動力，為旺相的突出點，其隱含主要成分為初爻動乾天，主動力戌土、亥水；二爻動兌澤，主動力酉金；三爻動離火，主動力午火；四爻動震雷，主動力卯木；五爻動巽風(fēng)，主動力辰土、巳火；六爻動坎水，主動力子水。此場本卦4爻動變，本卦和變卦綜合成場，構(gòu)成一個完整的場態(tài)系統(tǒng)，其中卯木為畜爆核子，為主動力，戌土為火電之庫，酉金為啟爆核子，卯木隱動，給戊土火電之庫和酉金啟爆核子注入被動力，其合戌化火而閃電，沖酉發(fā)聲而鳴雷，這就是雷爆場之雷擊爆炸與火災(zāi)的場態(tài)原理。雷爆場的成場三數(shù)是314、334、354、374、714、734、754、774，凡逢多致雷擊、電擊、爆炸、火災(zāi)、車禍及頸咽肝肺疾患。三、案例精論簡匯1、諸多人物遭雷電，驗證了雷爆場之場效。A、吳義忤逆不孝遭雷擊斃三、案例精論簡匯1、諸多人物遭雷電，驗證了雷爆場之場效。A、吳義忤逆不孝遭雷擊斃筆者曾經(jīng)從鄭州佛學(xué)院刊發(fā)的一本書中獲悉，山東某地一青年吳義，平時忤逆不孝，時常打罵父母，一日忽青天霹靂，吳義慘遭雷神霹殺。這是否全只因忤逆父母而激怒了雷神導(dǎo)致雷擊，筆者敬畏因果，崇善貶惡，不敢妄加評判。不過，人間忤逆不孝者比比皆是，而遭遇雷擊者卻少之又少，而吳義之姓名場確實構(gòu)成（7310）734賁離雷爆特兇場，雷擊事件的發(fā)生也是應(yīng)該需要諸多因緣和合而成的。B、張云漢姓名構(gòu)雷爆死于雷擊B、張云漢姓名構(gòu)雷爆死于雷擊張云漢，河南靈寶蘇村人，聽其兒媳孫月菊介紹，其公爹曾多次遭遇雷擊。有一次，他和3個老漢在集體倉庫里作工，因天降大雨，一聲巨雷把他從倉房內(nèi)抓到院壩中間呆若木雞，后來最終于1977年五月初九日在后任溝被雷劈死。張云漢之姓名場（7916）714畜有雷爆場。C、永川張永祥曾遭遇雷擊C、永川張永祥曾遭遇雷擊重慶永川市花果村村干部張永祥，其姓名場構(gòu)（71522）774艮旅雷爆火災(zāi)大兇場，與李興珍之姓名場數(shù)同，其于1994年夏天在田間干活時遭遇雷擊，當(dāng)時頓感全身電麻，幸而未受大的傷害。D、諶保國姓名構(gòu)雷爆樓房遭巨雷轟擊D、諶保國姓名構(gòu)雷爆樓房遭巨雷轟擊2006年8月15日晚11時許，家住湖北黃坡區(qū)橫店街黃河新村的諶保國，其家的三層樓房樓頂被巨雷炸開一個大口子，三樓的地板被擊出一個坑，二樓的一臺電風(fēng)扇被炸成幾塊。諶保國的姓名場構(gòu)（111728）314有畜雷爆吉場。E、長跑冠軍張榮因電擊致殘雙手E、長跑冠軍張榮因電擊致殘雙手沒有雙手的張榮，她用雙腳寫出了壯麗人生，13歲時曾打破殘運會世界長跑記錄。張榮于1996年被高壓電將雙手燒焦而被迫截肢。其姓名場構(gòu)（7916）714畜有雷爆吉場，此場主雷電火爆之災(zāi)。F、10齡童佘偉才觸電數(shù)日未醒F、10齡童佘偉才觸電數(shù)日未醒2006年8月22日晚，家住武昌積玉橋漢成里社區(qū)的10歲少年佘偉才，在和幾個小伙伴玩耍的時候不幸觸電，在醫(yī)院睡了多天還不見醒來，最后終因大腦長時間缺氧而導(dǎo)致腦死亡。其姓名場數(shù)與張榮同為（7916）714畜有雷爆吉場。Ｇ、村名構(gòu)雷爆場３０戶住宅遭雷擊Ｇ、村名構(gòu)雷爆場３０戶住宅遭雷擊武漢漢陽的蔡甸“千湖村”，于2006年6月25日9時15分，千湖村30家住宅遭到雷擊，一道火龍從天而至，不僅損壞了所有電器，還將樓房擊穿八、九個大小不等的洞，墻壁也出現(xiàn)許多小裂紋，幸無人員傷亡。千湖村之村名場數(shù)為（15722）774艮旅雷爆大兇場。2、世界定名的雷劈數(shù)其實全盤錯誤。2、世界定名的雷劈數(shù)其實全盤錯誤。國外有位數(shù)學(xué)家叫“卡普利加”的在一次旅途中，忽見一旅程碑被雷電劈成