外文翻譯--傳動軸重要部件及故障診斷排除

1、<p><b>　　附 錄</b></p><p>　　Transmission shaft important components and fault diagnosis ruled out</p><p>　　Universal joint is a key component of car transmission. In front of a r

2、ear wheel drive car engine, transmission shaft installed in universal output shaft and axles Lord reducer between input shaft; And lead the engine of the car front wheel drive shaft is omitted, gimbal installed in both r

3、esponsible for driving and be responsible for steering the front axle half shaft between with wheels. Automobile is a movement of the object. On the drive cars, engine, clutch and transmission as a whole, and </p>

4、<p>　　In engine front rear wheel drive (or with all-wheel drive) bus and because cars in athletic process suspension deformation, the drive shaft Lord reducer input shaft and transmission (or FenDongXiang) output s

5、haft often had relative motion between, in addition, in order to effectively avoid some institutions or device (can't achieve linear transmission), must have a device to achieve power, then the normal transmission ap

6、peared gimbal transmission. Gimbal transmission must have the following feat</p><p>　　Auto transmission shaft common fault performance for damage, wear, deformation and lost dynamic balance, resulting in dri

7、ving car produce abnormal sound and vibration car transmission shaft common faults, these auto transmission shaft common faults will cause serious damage to the relevant components. Vehicle, in starting or urgent acceler

8、ation out "Gordon sound, but obviously shows part of the desert feeling, pine, if not driving axle gears shaft is loose desert pine desert part. The site is no</p><p>　　Automobile driving if chassis hap

9、pen "buzz" sound, and running speed, the higher the voice is bigger. The auto transmission shaft is usually due to common faults of universal's cross axes and bearing wear pine, transmission shaft desert in

10、termediate bearings wear, middle rubber bearing damage or hanger loose, or because the position by fixed hanger wrong.</p><p>　　Axle shaft deflection and whether interference occurs. If the car runs with the

11、 increased speed, and increase noise with jitter, this car is usually due to transmission shaft common faults caused lose balance. This vibration most obvious in driving indoor feeling. The balabcing dynamic balance shaf

12、ts should be less than is 100 g. cm.</p><p>　　Dynamic balance shafts will lead to failure serious damage to the relevant components. The most common automobile transmission shaft common failures are clutch s

13、hell crack and the middle rubber bearing fatigue damage. Among the shaft installed in the maintenance of pylon is very important. If hanger installation location undeserved, can increase working resistance and noise tran

14、smission, resulting in bearing early damage. This kind of car transmission shaft common failure probability is very big</p><p>　　傳動軸重要部件及故障診斷排除</p><p>　　萬向節(jié)是汽車傳動軸上的關(guān)鍵部件。在前置發(fā)動機(jī)后輪驅(qū)動的車輛上，萬向節(jié)傳動軸安裝在變

15、速器輸出軸與驅(qū)動橋主減速器輸入軸之間；而前置發(fā)動機(jī)前輪驅(qū)動的車輛省略了傳動軸，萬向節(jié)安裝在既負(fù)責(zé)驅(qū)動又負(fù)責(zé)轉(zhuǎn)向的前橋半軸與車輪之間。汽車是一個(gè)運(yùn)動的物體。在后驅(qū)動汽車上，發(fā)動機(jī)、離合器與變速器作為一個(gè)整體安裝在車架上，而驅(qū)動橋通過彈性懸掛與車架連接，兩者之間有一個(gè)距離，需要進(jìn)行連接。汽車運(yùn)行中路面不平產(chǎn)生跳動，負(fù)荷變化或者兩個(gè)總成安裝位置差異，都會使得變速器輸出軸與驅(qū)動橋主減速器輸入軸之間的夾角和距離發(fā)生變化，因此要用一個(gè)“以變應(yīng)變”的

16、裝置來解決這一個(gè)問題，因此就有了萬向節(jié)。</p><p>　　在發(fā)動機(jī)前置后輪驅(qū)動（或全輪驅(qū)動）的汽車上，由于汽車在運(yùn)動過程中懸架變形，驅(qū)動軸主減速器輸入軸與變速器（或分動箱）輸出軸間經(jīng)常有相對運(yùn)動，此外，為有效避開某些機(jī)構(gòu)或裝置（無法實(shí)現(xiàn)直線傳遞），必須有一種裝置來實(shí)現(xiàn)動力的正常傳遞，于是就出現(xiàn)了萬向節(jié)傳動。萬向節(jié)傳動必須具備以下特點(diǎn)：a 、保證所連接兩軸的相對位置在預(yù)計(jì)范圍內(nèi)變動時(shí)，能可靠地傳遞動力；b 、保

17、證所連接兩軸能均勻運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。由于萬向節(jié)夾角而產(chǎn)生的附加載荷、振動和噪聲應(yīng)在允許范圍內(nèi)；c 、傳動效率要高，使用壽命長，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，制造方便，維修容易。對汽車而言，由于一個(gè)十字軸萬向節(jié)的輸出軸相對于輸入軸（有一定的夾角）是不等速旋轉(zhuǎn)的，為此必須采用雙萬向節(jié)（或多萬向節(jié)）傳動，并把同傳動軸相連的兩個(gè)萬向節(jié)叉布置在同一平面，且使兩萬向節(jié)的夾角相等。這一點(diǎn)是十分重要的。在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)盡量減小萬向節(jié)的夾角。</p><p>　　汽車

18、傳動軸常見故障表現(xiàn)為傳動軸損壞、磨損、變形以及失去動平衡，造成汽車在行駛中產(chǎn)生異響和振動的汽車傳動軸常見故障，這些汽車傳動軸常見故障嚴(yán)重時(shí)會導(dǎo)致相關(guān)部件的損壞。汽車行駛中，在起步或急加速時(shí)發(fā)出“格登”的聲響，而且明顯表現(xiàn)出機(jī)件松曠的感覺，如果不是驅(qū)動橋傳動齒輪松曠則顯然是傳動軸機(jī)件松曠。松曠的部位不外乎是萬向節(jié)十字軸承或鋼碗與凸緣叉，伸縮套的花鍵軸與花鍵套。一般來講，十字軸軸徑與軸承曠量不應(yīng)超過0.13mm,伸縮花鍵軸與花鍵套嚙合間隙不

19、應(yīng)大于0.3mm。超過使用極限應(yīng)當(dāng)修復(fù)或更換。</p><p>　　汽車傳動軸常見故障表現(xiàn)為傳動軸損壞、磨損、變形以及失去動平衡，造成汽車在行駛中產(chǎn)生異響和振動的汽車傳動軸常見故障，這些汽車傳動軸常見故障嚴(yán)重時(shí)會導(dǎo)致相關(guān)部件的損壞。汽車行駛中，在起步或急加速時(shí)發(fā)出“格登”的聲響，而且明顯表現(xiàn)出機(jī)件松曠的感覺，如果不是驅(qū)動橋傳動齒輪松曠則顯然是傳動軸機(jī)件松曠。松曠的部位不外乎是萬向節(jié)十字軸承或鋼碗與凸緣叉，伸縮套的

20、花鍵軸與花鍵套。一般來講，十字軸軸徑與軸承曠量不應(yīng)超過0.13mm,伸縮花鍵軸與花鍵套嚙合間隙不應(yīng)大于0.3mm。超過使用極限應(yīng)當(dāng)修復(fù)或更換。</p><p>　　汽車行駛中若底盤發(fā)生“嗡嗡”聲，而且運(yùn)行速度越高，聲音越大。這個(gè)汽車傳動軸常見故障一般是由于萬向節(jié)十字軸與軸承磨損松曠、傳動軸中間軸承磨損、中間橡膠支承損壞或吊架松動，或是由于吊架固定的位置不對所致。</p><p>　　6&#

21、215;4汽車在重負(fù)荷時(shí)，特別在行駛顛簸中偶爾發(fā)出敲擊聲，應(yīng)注意檢查中后橋平衡軸是否變位而與傳動軸發(fā)生干涉。汽車運(yùn)行中若隨著車速的增高而噪聲增大，并且伴隨有抖動，這個(gè)汽車傳動軸常見故障一般是由于傳動軸失去平衡所致。這種振動在駕駛室內(nèi)感覺最為明顯。傳動軸動平衡的不平衡量應(yīng)小于100g.cm。</p><p>　　傳動軸動平衡失效嚴(yán)重會導(dǎo)致相關(guān)部件的損壞。最常見的汽車傳動軸常見故障是離合器殼裂紋和中間橡膠支承的疲勞損