2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯TheDilemmaofPerfmanceAppraisalItwilloutlinethedevelopmentofindividualperfmancebefelinkingtoperfmancemanagementinganizations.Theoutcomesoftechniquestoincreaseganizationalcommitmentincreasejobsatisfactionwill

2、becriticallyevaluated.ItwillfurtherexaminethetransatlanticdebatesbetweenliteratureonefficiencyeffectivenessintheNthAmericantheUnitedKingdom)evidencetoevaluatetheHRMdevelopmentcontributionofperfmanceappraisaltoindividualg

3、anizationalperfmance.Appraisalpotentiallyisakeytoolinmakingthemostofanganisation’shumanresources.Theuseofappraisaliswidespreadestimatedthat80–90%ofganizationsintheUSAUKwereusingappraisalanincreasefrom69to87%ofganisations

4、between19982004reptedafmalperfmancemanagementsystem(ArmstrongBaron1998:200).Therehasbeenlittleevidenceoftheevaluationoftheeffectivenessofappraisalbutmeonthedevelopmentinitsuse.Between19982004asamplefromtheteredInstituteo

5、fPersonnelDevelopment(CIPD2007)of562firmsfound506wereusingperfmanceappraisalinUK.Whatisalsovitaltoemphasiseistherisinguseofperfmanceappraisalfeedbackbeyondperfmancefprofessionalsmanagerstonearly95%ofwkplacesinthe2004WERS

6、survey(seeTable13.1).ClearlytheuseofAppraisalshasbeenthedevelopmentextensionofappraisalstocoveralargeproptionoftheUKwkfcethecoverageofnonmanagerialoccupationstheextendeduseinprivatepublicsects.judgmentacrossthepositivere

7、viewsknownasthehnseffect(ACAS1996).OneconsequenceofthisavoidanceofconflictistorateallcriterionascentralTherearemethodsSomeratingsmayonlycincluderecenteventstheseareknownastherecencyeffects.Inthiscaseonlyrecenteventsareno

8、tedcomparedtomanagersgatheringusingdatathroughouttheappraisalperiod.Aparticularconcernistheequityofappraisalfratingswhichmaybedisttedbygenderethnicitytheratingsofappraisersthemselves.ArangeofstudiesinboththeUSUKhavehighl

9、ightedsubjectivityintermsofgender(AlimoMetcalf1991White1999)ethnicityoftheappraiseappraiser(GeddesKonrad2003).Suggestionssolutionsonresolvingbiaswillbereviewedlater.Thesecondanalysisistheradicalcritiqueofappraisal.Thisis

10、themecriticalmanagementliteraturethatarguesthatappraisalperfmancemanagementareaboutmanagementcontrol(NewtonFindley1996Townley1993).Itarguesthattightermanagementcontroloveremployeebehaviourcanbeachievedbytheextensionofapp

11、raisaltomanualwkersprofessionalasmeanstocontrol.ThisdevelopstheliteratureofFoucaultusingpowersurveillance.Thisliteratureusescasesinexamplesofpublicservicecontrolonprofessionalssuchateachers(Healy1997)Universityprofession

12、als(Townley1990).Thisevidencearguestheincreasedcontrolofpublicservicesusingappraisalasamethodofcontrolthattheoutcomeofmanagerialobjectivesignesthedevelopmentalroleofappraisalratingsareawardedfpeoplewhoacceptembracethecul

13、tureganizationalvalues.Howeverthisliteratureignestheemployeeresistancetheuseofprofessionalunionstochallengetheattemptstoexertcontroloverprofessionalsstaffintheappraisalprocess(Bach2005:306).ThisevidencearguesOneofthediff

14、erentissuesofremovingbiaswastheuseofthetestmetaph(Folgeretal.1992).Thiswasbasedontheassumptionthatappraisalratingswereatechnicalquestionofassessing“true”perfmancethereneededtobeincreasedreliabilityvalidityofappraisalasan

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