[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]境外旅游外文翻譯—國(guó)際旅游對(duì)全球社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響（原文）

1、 Volume VIII, Issue 6(22) Fall 2017 1166 The Effect of International Tourism on the Development of Global Social-Economic Processes Igor Lvovich CHERKASOV Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federat

2、ion, Russia CherkfsovIL@mail.ru Maria Igorevna SEREDINA Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Russia MISeredina@fa.ru Olga Ivanovna MISHUROVA Kutafin Moscow State Law University, Russia olg

3、a-mi2101@mail.ru Tatiana Alekseevna ADASHOVA Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Russia fortuna.72@mail.ru Olga Yevgenievna LEBEDEVA Institute for Tourism and Hospitality, Russia qqqmail.ru@i

4、nbox.ru Suggested Citation: Cherkasov, I.L., Seredina, M.I., Mishurova, O.I., Adashova, T.A., Lebedeva, O.Y. (2017). The Effect of International Tourism on the Development of Global Social-Economic Processes. Journal o

5、f Environmental Management and Tourism, (Volume VIII, Fall), 6(22): 1166-1170. DOI:10.14505/jemt.v8.6(22).02 Article’s History: Received October 2017; Revised November 2017; Accepted November 2017. 2017. ASERS Publish

6、ing?. All rights reserved. Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of international tourism on the development of global social-economic processes. The authors prove that international tourism not

7、only boosts inflows of foreign currency into the country but also ensures employment for the population and helps make rational use of domestic resources. The paper establishes that international tourism has lately bee

8、n experiencing exceedingly rapid growth and development, second just to the automotive and chemical industries. Right now, the significance of tourism to the development of global social-economic processes is constantl

9、y growing, which is due to the influence of tourism on the economy of various nations. The authors conclude that the development of the tourism industry in various regions may also be fraught with certain dangers, like

10、increased strains on the environment due to excessive concentration of production and people in tourism centers, devalued traditions, and declines in the prestige of national cultures as a result of the commercializati

11、on of life. Keywords: international tourism; development; globalization; need; service; export; culture JEL Classification: L83; Z10. Introduction Tourism as a form of fulfilling people’s need for leisure has had a profo

12、und effect on the global community. Revenue from international tourism is currently among the more substantial components of so-called invisible export. The development of tourism relations is a crucial way to improve

13、the situation around the world, strengthen partnership among nations, and foster mutual understanding among people of different cultures. Tourism has become an objective need in modern civilization. DOI : http://dx.doi

14、.org/10.14505/jemt.v8.6(22).02 Volume VIII, Issue 6(22) Fall 2017 1168 spent by foreign tourists on transportation, we get over $850 billion worth of tourism exports, which is 7% of the world’s total goods and services

15、exports. Most of the receipts to the tourism sector come from the expenditure of tourists who travel for personal reasons – $2,834 billion. In 2016, the way in tourist expenditure was led by the US, Japan, countries wi

16、thin the EU, Canada, and Mexico. The volume of tourist expenditure in Europe increased $21 million in 2016 and totaled $348. In Asia, the observed rate of increase is 51%. The increase in receipts has been brought abou

17、t by high rates of growth in China and administrative regions – Hong Kong and Macau. Southeast Asia – especially Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, and Vietnam – is becoming one of the most attractive regions for tourists,

18、its demand outpacing the supply of tourism services. The increase in receipts to the Pacific region has for the most part been brought about by tourists’ interest in the arts and everyday life of aborigines. The grea

19、test number of tourists are visiting Australia and Oceania at a time when Europe and North America are experiencing a slump in tourism activity. This may help smooth out seasonal fluctuations in international tourism.

20、 Asia and the Pacific region attract tourists with their unique nature, and new industrial nations – with their business tours. Recreational tourism is well-developed in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. The Japanese tour

21、ism industry is ranked 2nd in the world after that of the US. Hong Kong and Singapore offer shopping tourism services, while Thailand is developing new beaches on the country’s southern coast and organizing informative

22、 trips to its northern part. Tourism is well-developed in Australia and New Zealand, Melanesia and Micronesia. What additionally makes tourism lucrative for the Pacific Ocean islands is the relative proximity of the A

23、ustralian market, and this getaway enjoys a good image with European tourists. In Africa, the current rate of increase is 64.2%. The warm climate, sandy beaches, unique historical and cultural monuments, and exotic f

24、lora and fauna of such nations as Kenya, Zambia, Mauritius, Tunisia, and Algeria have been facilitative of increases in the number of tourists visiting the African region. Right now, the most popular destinations in th

25、e North are Tunisia, Egypt, and Morocco, and in the East – Kenya, Tanzania, the Seychelles, Mauritania, and Zimbabwe. Some of these specialize in elite coastal tourism and have a world-class hotel industry in place, wh

26、ich helps them generate up to $900 off each tourist. However, overall Africa is lagging behind other regions in international tourism, as many of its nations are poorly developed economically and lack political stabilit

27、y, with the progress of many areas being impeded by military conflicts and epidemic diseases. America is second to Europe in terms of tourism’s contribution to GDP (30.6%). These are South America, Central America, No

28、rth America, and islands within the Caribbean. The leading role in this region is played by the US and Canada, which have a vast internal tourism market and a highly-developed infrastructure with an extensive network o

29、f hotels and a solid transportation industry in place. South America’s tourism flows are relatively minor, which is due to political instability and slow economic development. The major types of tourism in the region ar

30、e coastal tourism, sports tourism, excursion tourism, and business tourism. Revenue from international tourism reaches 15–25% of overall export revenue. A level this high is the consequence of the region being competi

31、tive and certain regions actually specializing in tourism, like Canada and islands within the Caribbean. Europe remains the worldwide leader in tourism. In 2016, the rate of increase of its tourism resources totaled 5

32、.3%. Europe leads the world in sanatorium-resort therapy, leisure, and tourism. The European region is home to popular mineral springs, beaches, and alpine areas. A major portion of the region has all the conditions for

33、 those interested in leisure and sanatorium-resort therapy. Evidence from practice suggests that international tourism is quite a dynamic phenomenon. Experts are forecasting the tourism sector to grow tangibly over th

34、e next 10 years, with annual demand for tourism services expected to increase 4.7% between 2017 and 2025 and the contribution of international tourism to the world economy expected to total $10.8 trillion in 2025. The

35、 production of tourism services is expected to have an annual growth of 3.6%, with the number of those employed in the tourism sector expected to increase 1.5%. Annual growth in tourist arrivals will total 5.8%, with g

36、rowth in capital investment expected to reach 4.9% and total $1.7 trillion by 2025. The number of jobs in sectors adjacent to tourism is expected to reach 275 million by 2025. The way in terms of the number of those em

37、ployed in the sector will be led by China (78.6 million people), followed by India (26.1 million) and the US (19.3 million). Tourist expenditure is expected to increase over the next 10 years. For instance, the expendi

38、ture of American tourists both inside and outside the country is expected to nearly double. And in terms of increase in this indicator it is, above all, the developing nations of Asia that are expected to be among the