外文翻譯--中國(guó)城市房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展關(guān)系和優(yōu)化研究

1、<p>　　畢業(yè)論文外文參考文獻(xiàn)譯文本</p><p><b>　　2013屆</b></p><p>　　譯 文 出 處： 萬(wàn)方數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) </p><p>　　畢業(yè)論文題目：政府宏觀調(diào)控對(duì)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)研究</p><p>　　院 （系）： 土 建 學(xué) 院 </p&g

2、t;<p>　　專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱(chēng)： 建 筑 工 程 管 理 </p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名： </p><p>　　學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)： </p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師： </p><p>　　2013年4月25日

3、</p><p>　　China's Urban Real Estate Industry and Socio-economic Development Relations and Optimized Research</p><p>　　QI Xijing LI Jiang ZHANG Zhengang</p><p>　　Abstract: The

4、article proves that real estate is close relate to other industries and socio-economic environment. And also descript upstream and downstream relationships between real estate and national economy. In view of present rea

5、l estate industry to economic growth technical progress factor algorithm existence insufficiency. Using the improved formula, we measured that Shenyang, in 2006 the real estate industry's contribution to economic gro

6、wth for the 12.32%,Pulling effect, real estate for</p><p>　　Key words:real estate, socio-economic, the contribution rate, pillar industry, coordinated development.</p><p>　　1. INTRODUCTION </

7、p><p>　　Real estate is a independent industry, is in industrialization, urbanization and the rise of modernization and development process and the formation, and also in promoting the above-mentioned process an

8、d development and has become a modern socio-economic system an important component. Real estate and other industries are very closely related. Its has a very long industrial chain,can directly or indirectly affect the de

9、velopment of relevant industries. In a Operating cycle of the national economy</p><p>　　2. THE QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT </p

10、><p>　　This article holds that the Relations of the real estate and other industries as well as with social and economic environment, as shown in Figure 1. </p><p>　　2.1 The Real Estate Industry on

11、 the National Economy of the Backward Linkages </p><p>　　Backward linkages, commonly known as "investment driven" refers to the real estate industry because of their own development needs, for prov

12、iding the driving factors of production affect the industry. For example, the construction industry, building materials industry, metallurgy industry, finance and insurance industries. On Shenyang’s case, its main indust

13、ries,including real estate-related products for the great demand, Requires a large amount of real estate funds, real estate is an important </p><p>　　2.2 The Real Estate Industry on the National Economy of t

14、he Forward Linkages </p><p>　　Forward linkages, commonly known as "driving sales" means the real estate industry because of their own development needs, while relying on the industrial products ind

15、ustry to promote the demand generated by the impact. For example, the textile industry, household appliances, decoration, kitchen equipment, finance and insurance industries. Shenyang City on the case, the principal of t

16、he related industries, including real estate industry to promote the role of the real estate industry to promote </p><p>　　2.3 The Real Estate Industry on the National Economy of the Surround Linkages </p

17、><p>　　Surround linkages is due to their own development needs of the real estate industry, and indirectly influenced by the stimulation of, access to the development of power industry in the promotion of the i

18、mpact. For example, transportation, automobile manufacturing and sales of municipal public facilities, culture and education. Shenyang City on the case, including its main real estate development of the national economy

19、 provided an important material conditions, the real estate industry is an im</p><p>　　THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY OF SHENYANG, THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF THE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND STIMULATING </p>

20、<p>　　3.1 National Bureau of Statistics Provides the Basic Algorithm </p><p>　　Relating to the definition of a year the real estate industry in Shenyang City contribution rate of economic growth, contr

21、ibute to the national economic growth rate of percentage points (National Bureau of Statistics.China 2007).can be determined using the following equation: </p><p>　　A=B/C

22、 (1) </p><p>　　D=A×E (2) </p><p>　　A = Real estate's contribution to economic growth rate </p><p>　　B = The added valu

23、e of the real estate industry </p><p>　　C = The added value of GDP </p><p>　　D = The real estate industry to the national economic growth the proportion of contribution </p><p>　　E

24、= Percentage points of economic growth </p><p>　　According to Shenyang Statistical Yearbook (Bureau of Shenyang City 2008) and so on, could be the real estate industry in Shenyang City in recent years have c

25、ontributed to economic growth process and the results of calculations, are shown in Table 1. </p><p>　　Therefore, in 2005, 2006 and 2007, Shenyang City, the real estate industry's contribution to economi

26、c growth rates were5.55%, 8.99% and9.36%; the above-mentioned three years, Shenyang City, the real estate industry's contribution to economic growth, namely 0.99, 1.46and 1.66 percentage points. </p><p>

27、　　3.2 National Bureau of Algorithm Flaws </p><p>　　According to the National Bureau of Statistics of the existing provisions, the added value in realestate accounting, the existence of the following problems

28、 or defects, resulting in the current accounting statistics to the real estate value is often lower than their actual value: </p><p>　　(1) Due to incomplete data, not included in the calculation of non-real

29、estate enterprises, urban residents are engaged in for profit activities, as well as rental income;</p><p>　　(2) Existing urban and rural residents own the housing depreciation rate each year by 2% to 4% of

30、the demolition in the city, speed up transformation of the cases, it may be too low; </p><p>　　(3) At historical cost (original value) as the basis for calculating depreciation base housing, to the neglect o

31、f actual housing value-added market value (an assessment of transaction prices), leading to severe low depreciation charges; </p><p>　　(4) By real income as the total outputs, underestimated the benefits of

32、government subsidies of housing (affordable housing, low-rent housing) the value of realestate affects the total output. Residents of the underestimation of value added services. Thus, by adjusting the added value of hou

33、sing services, amendments to the National Bureau of Statistics in the accounting methods of the present real estate value has been underestimated. </p><p>　　3.3 The National Bureau of Statistics for the Curr

34、ent Method of Calculating the Necessary Changes </p><p>　　Underestimated for housing services for urban residents to increase the value of the actual, as amended,the added value of real estate can be determi

35、ned using the following equation: </p><p>　　B=P-F-I (3)</p><p>　　F=G×H (4)</p&

36、gt;<p>　　I=J×K (5)</p><p>　　J=L÷M×12×N×O (6)</p><p>　　F = the c

37、urrent statistics to increase the value of housing services </p><p>　　G = current statistics of total housing expenditure </p><p>　　H = existing housing statistics service added value of the pro

38、portion of total output </p><p>　　I = the actual added value of housing services Table 1: </p><p>　　J = the actual total output of housing services </p><p>　　K = the actual total ou

39、tput of housing services in the proportion of added value </p><p>　　L = real estate prices </p><p>　　M = the ratio of rental and sale of </p><p>　　N = Urban population </p>&

40、lt;p>　　O = per capita living space </p><p>　　P = the added value of the current real estate statistics</p><p>　　Increase the total output value accounting for 50%; rental ratio is the monthly

41、 rental price (rent) and the ratio of housing prices is generally believed that its range isa reasonable one ninety ~ 1:150, as the current high housing prices, this article uses the ratio of 1:150. </p><p>

42、　　In order to use the above formula to estimate the added value of real estate, now under the Shenyang Statistical Yearbook (Bureau of Shenyang City 2008). In recent years, finishing out of the city of Shenyang on the ba

43、sis of the data, are shown in Table 2. </p><p>　　Thus, in accordance with Table 2 data, the use of type (4) can calculate the current statistics of total output of housing services, according to type (6) can

44、 calculate the actual total output of housing services, and then use (4), type (5), you can calculate the current statistics to increase the value of housing services and the actual increase in the value of housing servi

45、ces, and according to type (3) has been amended in recent years in Shenyang City after the real estate value, and are list</p><p>　　The calculated results using the above adjustment of GDP, that is, adjusted

46、 GDP = GDP- the added value of real estate statistics real estate + real added value, and finally, according to type (1), type (2), can be calculated as amended (adjusted) in Shenyang City after the real estate industry

47、in recent years, the contribution to economic growth and on economic growth (GDP) percentage points driven, and the results are summarized in Table 4. </p><p>　　This article holds that the National Bureau of

48、 Statistics revised the method more scientific conclusions, and Shenyang, in 2007 the </p><p>　　real estate industry's contribution to economic growth to 12.32 percent, for economic growth to 2.18 percen

49、tage points more in line with reality.</p><p>　　4. THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY IS THE PILLAR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SHENYANG INDUSTRY </p><p>　　The so-called pillar industries, mainly in a historical pe

50、riod, to a country or a region’s economic and social development play a basic role, great benefits; have a profound impact on the industry. The use of the added value of China's exports, the number of practitioners,

51、industry association, the industrial concentration, technological maturity, income elasticity of demand, economic benefits, such as the continued growth of 9 reference standards, and its added value should be accounted

52、for mo</p><p>　　4.1 Good Prospects for the Real Estate Market </p><p>　　Moreover, the accelerated urbanization process, the revitalization of old industrial base, Shenyang advantage of regional

53、cities, such as consolidation, which will have an enormous role in pushing forward. Therefore, the realestate industry will continue to contribute to the economic development of the higher rate of employment and improve

54、social conditions and raise living standards of residents, such as play a significant role.</p><p>　　4.2 The Development of the Real Estate Industry will be More Mature </p><p>　　At present, She

55、nyang has the real estate industry has a high degree of concentration and a certain level of technology. Moreover, in order to more extensive and intense competition to achieve sustainable development, the real estate in

56、dustry will further improve the management and further promote the technology and high grade products, eco-friendly. At the same time, including the development, intermediaries, agents, property management of the concent

57、ration of various industries, as well as thei</p><p>　　4.3 The Development of the Real Estate Market will be More Normative </p><p>　　Land market directly affects the level of the healthy develo

58、pment of the real estate industry. Shenyang further regulates the land market transactions, the full realization of market-oriented transactions, and strictly regulates the accumulation of land, extension of the developm

59、ent of behavior. </p><p>　　At present, the international community increase the stock of housing and housing market in general as the ratio of 1:1 ~ 1:2.5 and the maturity of the real estate market higher, t

60、he higher the rate of second-hand housing transactions. Therefore, the positive cultivation, the development of the stock of housing markets, housing demand elasticity to achieve appropriate level of housing vacancy reas

61、onable prices and other income will also be appropriate should have its characteristics. 4.4 Status </p><p>　　In different stages of socio-economic development, as the main driving factors of the different s

62、tages usually a pillar industry or constantly changing. A pillar industry in Western developed countries have experienced in order to land, resources for support of agriculture, traditional processing, steel, chemicals,

63、automobiles and machinery and capital-intensive industries, as well as funds for the financial support to high-tech and information technology support data such as information and bio</p><p>　　The real estat

64、e industry has been and will continue to be a pillar industry in the urban economy. Moreover, for continuing to perform their proper effect, to avoid negative impact on the real estate industry and the community will be

65、further integration of capital, technology and human resources advantages, to increase the comparative advantage of industries and urban competitiveness, at the same time to extend the industrial chain, and strengthen in

66、dustrial relations, improving industry support</p><p>　　5. TO PLAY DOWN THE STATUS OF THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY A PILLAR INDUSTRY THINKING </p><p>　　At present, the real estate industry in Shenya

67、ng as well as a pillar industry in our country indeed, and socio-economic development impact is extremely important. However, the long-term, excessive reliance on the real estate industry, will China's social and eco

68、nomic sustainable development a certain degree of risk. </p><p>　　5.1 China and Hong Kong Real Estate Market in Resource Endowment Differences </p><p>　　In spite of drawing on the Hong Kong real

69、 estate development experience, but China (mainland) the basic national conditions and Hong Kong, Singapore and other major difference. Hong Kong, Singapore are “city-state economy” (city-state economy), a city is an ind

70、ependent economy. As a result of natural factors such as restrictions on the system, its natural resources, especially land resources are limited. Lead to significantly enlarge the land value, and even become a business,

71、 the center of econ</p><p>　　Most regions in China are "major economies" (Great economy), the city is the national market as a network node. In a sense, because the city has an extensive rural hint

72、erland, the expansion of each city will not face land constraints. The value of China's land is relatively modest, wealth is more concentrated in the land, housing and should mainly rely on the knowledge and the form

73、 of credit support for the property. Therefore, we can learn from, but you can not copy the Hong Kong, Singapore and</p><p>　　5.2 The Disadvantages of Excessive Dependence on the Real Estate Industry </p

74、><p>　　Speed up the development of the economy and housing shortage of the total background, the rapid development of real estate available, and has the characteristics of the pillar industries. However, proof

75、that the practice of foreign countries in economic development to a certain stage, that is, stable stage of development, its people's livelihood security attributes or characteristics of the industry will become incr

76、easingly prominent. </p><p>　　First of all, the characteristics of virtual real estate. Preserve and increase the value of real estate functions and can be used as the reality of investment goods, so that it

77、 will have significant virtual property, which attract a large number of funds, especially in the indirect financing of our way to the bank-based background, but also increased the financial risks. </p><p>　

78、　Secondly, the obvious contradiction between supply and demand of China's land. The rapid development of China's real estate industry is a huge land, materials and other resources to support consumption. Our coun

79、try has a large and small, can make use of scarce land resources, it is difficult to maintain this high-energy sustainable development of pillar industries. . </p><p>　　Third, It is not conducive to social a

80、nd economic development. A large number of funds and other resources over to chase real estate, is bound to reduce the input of other industries. Upgrading of the manufacturing industry could cause a lack of capital, tec

81、hnology and human resources support, and will affect more representative of the country's competitiveness in science and technology, information, such as the heavy chemical industry competitiveness. Moreover, once th

82、e “bubble” broke down, the</p><p>　　5.3 The Real Estate Industry and Other Industries the Idea of Coordinated Development </p><p>　　In recognition of the current status of the real estate indust

83、ry a pillar industry for economic and social development, as well as the contribution made at the same time, in promoting the coordinated development of economic and social background, should be the adoption of the follo

84、wing measures to promote the sustainable development of the real estate industry: </p><p>　　First of all, the combination of the implementation of macro-control policies (for example, to small and medium-siz

85、ed units, in the ordinary low-cost housing for the tilt in), and actively explore effective use of the property development cycle, and promote resource-conserving, environment-friendly strategies to promote the smooth de

86、velopment of the real estate industry </p><p>　　Secondly, properly handle the new project development and the old building (Culture), the protection of the relationship between the co-ordinating urban and ru

87、ral (including remote areas) of the common development, in particular, can not artificially “create demand” (for example, large-scale urban demolition, a large area to the occupation of cultivated land). </p><

88、p>　　Third, the strict implementation of local government revenue land and reasonable distribution system, to ensure that affordable housing, urban infrastructure and other facilities necessary or appropriate to have a

89、 proportion of investment in industry in order to extend and enhance stamina. </p><p>　　Finally, the use of real estate development, especially in its period of prosperity brought about by the opportunity to

90、 cultivate strong, positive developments in the real estate market cycle and a new type of complementary pillar industries, such as increasing the level of property management, especially on behalf of the country's c

91、ompetitiveness pillar industries, reduce the risk of social operation, to achieve long-term socio-economic and sustainable development.</p><p>　　6. CONCLUSIONS </p><p>　　Fully mechanized, the re

92、al estate industry is the pillar of socio-economic Shenyang industry, but it should be in promoting their sustainable development, and actively nurture other industries, and promote the coordinated development of economy

93、 and society. </p><p><b>　　鏈接地址：</b></p><p>　　http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLHY_NSTL_HYCC0211553388.aspx</p><p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p>　　中國(guó)城市房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)

94、和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展關(guān)系和優(yōu)化研究</p><p>　　齊西京 李江 張振剛</p><p>　　文摘:本文證明房地產(chǎn)與其他行業(yè)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境是密切關(guān)聯(lián)的。實(shí)事即上游和下游之間的關(guān)系,房地產(chǎn)和國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)。針對(duì)目前房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)技術(shù)進(jìn)步因子算法存在的不足。使用改進(jìn)后的公式,據(jù)我們測(cè)量,沈陽(yáng),2006年房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)為12.32%,拉動(dòng)效應(yīng),房地產(chǎn)對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)為2.18%。從這我們知

95、道,房地產(chǎn)是沈陽(yáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。沈陽(yáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)度依賴(lài)房地產(chǎn)。這篇文章給一些建議關(guān)于積極培養(yǎng)其他產(chǎn)業(yè)和促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞:房地產(chǎn)、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的貢獻(xiàn)率,支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。</p><p><b>　　1.介紹</b></p><p>　　房地產(chǎn)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的產(chǎn)業(yè),是在工業(yè)化、城市化和現(xiàn)代化的崛起和發(fā)展過(guò)程中形成,也在促進(jìn)

96、上述流程和開(kāi)發(fā),已成為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分。房地產(chǎn)和其他行業(yè)是密切相關(guān)的。它有一個(gè)非常長(zhǎng)的工業(yè)鏈,可以直接或間接地影響相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。在一個(gè)操作周期的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì),如果房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)一直是一個(gè)良好的發(fā)展,其他行業(yè)將是一個(gè)很好的繁殖。在每個(gè)階段的經(jīng)濟(jì)周期,房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)往往有一個(gè)良好的模型,指導(dǎo)角色(劉2006)。</p><p>　　2.定性分析之間的關(guān)系,房地產(chǎn)業(yè)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展</p><

97、;p>　　本文認(rèn)為,關(guān)系的房地產(chǎn)和其他行業(yè)以及社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境,如圖1。</p><p>　　2.1房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的落后的聯(lián)系</p><p>　　反向的連結(jié),俗稱(chēng)“投資驅(qū)動(dòng)”指的是房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)由于自身發(fā)展的需要,為生產(chǎn)提供驅(qū)動(dòng)因素影響行業(yè)。例如,建筑工業(yè)、建筑材料工業(yè)、冶金工業(yè)、金融和保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)。在沈陽(yáng)的情況,它的主要行業(yè),包括房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的需求,需要大量的房地產(chǎn)基金,房地產(chǎn)是一

98、個(gè)重要的城市經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)基于商品。</p><p>　　2.2房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的前向關(guān)聯(lián)</p><p>　　前向關(guān)聯(lián),俗稱(chēng)“帶動(dòng)銷(xiāo)售”是指房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)由于自身發(fā)展的需要,而依靠工業(yè)產(chǎn)品行業(yè)促進(jìn)需求所產(chǎn)生的沖擊。例如,紡織工業(yè)、家用電器、裝飾、廚房設(shè)備、金融和保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)。沈陽(yáng)市主要的相關(guān)行業(yè),包括房地產(chǎn)行業(yè),促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的作用,促進(jìn)金融行業(yè)的作用,房地產(chǎn)是社會(huì)的勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)提高生產(chǎn)和先決條件。&

99、lt;/p><p>　　2.3房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的環(huán)繞的聯(lián)系</p><p>　　圍繞聯(lián)系是由于自身發(fā)展需求的房地產(chǎn)行業(yè),間接受到刺激,進(jìn)入電力行業(yè)的發(fā)展在促進(jìn)的影響。例如,交通運(yùn)輸、汽車(chē)制造、銷(xiāo)售的市政公共設(shè)施、文化和教育。沈陽(yáng)城市的情況,包括其主要房地產(chǎn)發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的物質(zhì)條件,房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)是一個(gè)資本積累的重要來(lái)源,房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,優(yōu)化了城市消費(fèi)的結(jié)構(gòu)。</p><p&g

100、t;　　3.沈陽(yáng)房地產(chǎn)行業(yè),經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)的定量研究和刺激</p><p>　　3.1國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局提供的基本算法</p><p>　　定義一年的房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在沈陽(yáng)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率,國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度(國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局。中國(guó)2007)?？梢允褂靡韵鹿酱_定:</p><p>　　A = B / C