資源回收潛力分析研究——基于中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾的研究外文文獻翻譯@中英文翻譯@外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　附錄</b></p><p>　　An Analytical Study on the Resource Recycling Potentials of</p><p>　　Urban and Rural Domestic Waste in China</p><p><b>　　Abstract<

2、/b></p><p>　　The total wet-basis weight of urban and rural domestic waste in China is about 500,000,000 tons every year, 60% of which comes from dry-basis waste (about 300,000,000 tons). Single-compositio

3、n, clean waste that is separated on a dry basis, especially the low-value components such as food waste and plastics, has huge resource recycling potentials. The potential added values from resource recycling of the 500,

4、000,000 tons of urban and rural domestic waste would be around RMB 926.17 billion, RMB 1,</p><p>　　Keywords: Domestic waste; Resource recycling; Potential analysis</p><p>　　1. Issues </p>

5、<p>　　The evaluation on resource recycling potentials of urban and rural domestic waste in China is an important basis for a well-drawn technology roadmap of domestic waste and workable management policies. Accordi

6、ng to the dry-basis separation test for urban residential waste, domestic waste includes high-value marketable waste and low-value unmarketable waste, in which paper, bulky furniture and others in the first category may

7、be collected and sold via various channels, whereas those in the second </p><p>　　According to the World Bank, there will be a vast market for secondhand materials in China, and by 2030, urban waste in China

8、 – paper and metals in particular – will be one of the biggest commodity sources in the world. Domestic studies show that China produces 400,000,000 tons of domestic waste each year, indicating it is time to use waste as

9、 a strategic resource. According to the academic community, waste should be known as the one and only growing resource, and the waste industry should be pl</p><p>　　According to relevant statistics, “renewab

10、le resources” that are discarded in Chinese cities every year are valued at RMB 25 billion, and the yearly value of discarded domestic waste “resources” approximates at RMB 125 billion. In China, every year there is a hu

11、ge amount of domestic waste buried or burned before separation, and its resource recycling potentials need to be further studied. In this paper, the resource recycling potentials of value-added processing and production

12、of dry-basis raw m</p><p>　　2. Total Weight and Total Dry-basis Weight of Urban and Rural Domestic Waste in China </p><p>　　Accurate basic data of the total wet-basis weight and the total dry-ba

13、sis weight is a necessity for the resource recycling potential analysis of domestic waste. However, all we know about urban domestic waste at present is how much it has been collected and transported instead of being pro

14、duced, and for rural domestic waste, we lack both. Therefore, we have to estimate the production from the weight of collected and transported waste, and calculate the production of rural domestic waste accordin</p>

15、<p>　　2.1 Annual production of urban domestic waste </p><p>　　According to the Ministry of Construction, urban domestic waste that was collected and transported in 654 cities of China amounted to 157,

16、000,000 tons in 2010. The production is supposed to be 25% higher, or, according to Zhang Li Jing’s conservative estimate, 30% higher. So the actual production of urban domestic waste in the 654 cities may be estimated b

17、etween 196,250,000 tons and 204,100,000 tons – 200,000,000 tons for convenience.</p><p>　　2.2. Annual production of rural domestic waste </p><p>　　According to a nationwide survey on drinking wa

18、ter and environmental health in rural areas that was jointly organized by the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee and the Ministry of Health from August 2006 to November 2007, domestic waste was a major part of

19、farmer household waste, the daily production of rural domestic waste was 0.86kg per person, and every year there was nearly 300,000,000 tons of domestic waste produced in China’s rural areas, of which 1/3 (about 100,000,

20、000 tons) was</p><p>　　2.3. Total dry-basis weight of urban and rural domestic waste</p><p>　　The average water content of urban residential waste in Beijing is 50.19%. Estimated from a water co

21、ntent of 50%, the 200,000,000 tons of urban domestic waste produced in China includes about 100,000,000 tons of water, which means the total dry-basis weight is 100,000,000 tons. Calculated from a water content of 35.79%

22、 of rural domestic waste in Beijing, the 300,000,000 tons of rural domestic waste in China is the sum of 107,370,000 tons of water and about 200,000,000 tons of dry-basis waste. In</p><p>　　2.4. Reference ph

23、ysical components for evaluation on resource recycling potentials of urban and rural domestic waste </p><p>　　The evaluation on the resource recycling potentials of urban domestic waste is based on reference

24、 components in Table 1and Table 2, and that of rural domestic waste is based on the findings of Xie Dongming.</p><p>　　Table 1. Physical components of domestic waste in the eight urban districts of Beijing,

25、2007 (wet basis, %)</p><p>　　Table 2. Physical components of low-value urban residential waste</p><p>　　Table 3. Physical components of rural domestic waste in China (wet basis, %)</p>&l

26、t;p>　　3. Estimates on Resource Recycling Potentials of Urban and Rural Domestic Waste </p><p>　　Based on the reference components in Tables 1-3, the resource recycling potentials of major domestic waste a

27、re estimated as follows. </p><p>　　3.1. Food waste </p><p>　　Urban food waste. Urban household food waste are a quite large part of domestic waste (as shown in Table 1, food waste accounted for

28、66.22% of the domestic waste in the eight urban districts of Beijing in 2007). For convenience, we assume 60% of urban domestic waste is food waste in average, so there would be 120,000,000 tons of food waste in the 200,

29、000,000 tons of urban domestic waste. According to Li Zhenshan et al., the dry weight of food waste is 20-25%, so the annual total dry</p><p>　　According to Table 3, food waste accounts for 24.5

30、4% of the total rural domestic waste in China. Based on a rounded percentage of 25%, the total amount of rural food waste in China would be 75,000,000 tons, including 17,500,000 tons of dry-basis waste (dry-basis content

31、: 23%) which could produce 13,562,500 tons of organic fertilizers (17,500,000 x 1.55 = 27,515,000/2). </p><p>　　According to the above analysis and estimates, the theoretic potential amount of organic fertil

32、izers from food waste in the annually 500,000,000 tons of urban and rural domestic waste in China would be 34,952,500 tons (21,390,000 + 13,562,500). In case of the most appropriate ratio of organic and inorganic nutrien

33、ts for organic-inorganic compound fertilizers (1:1), the potential amount of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers from food waste in China approximates at 69,905,000 tons. </p><p>　　Granulated organic-ino

34、rganic compound fertilizers are efficient, high-quality slow-release fertilizers. Slow/controlled release fertilizers usually cost 3-9 times more than ordinary fertilizers outside China, and 2-8 times more than ordinary

35、chemical fertilizers, known as “unaffordable fertilizers”. By June 2012, the price of urea in the domestic market has been stabilized at around RMB 2,300/t. Given the price of urea is RMB 2,000/t, then the potential valu

36、e of the 69,905,000 tons of granulated</p><p>　　3.2. Waste plastics </p><p>　　Low-value waste plastics are usually sent to landfills or burned rather than being recycled, leading to serious envi

37、ronmental pollution and resource waste. According to Table 1, waste plastics accounted for 13.11% of domestic waste in the eight urban districts of Beijing, so the total amount of plastics in urban domestic waste in Chin

38、a would be 20,000,000 tons (the percentage is assumed at 10% for convenience).According to Table 3, 6.02% of rural domestic waste is plastics, so the total amount w</p><p>　　Wood-plastic composites are new r

39、eversible and recyclable multipurpose materials which are mainly made of wood fibers and plastics (plastic resin: 30-75%; wood fibers: 25-70%). Wood-plastic building templates made of waste plastics (30%) and wood chips

40、 (70%) have already been developed in China, which means 126,870,000 tons of wood-plastic boards can be produced from the 38,060,000 tons of waste plastics. Assuming wood-plastic templates cost RMB 5,760/t [20], the pot

41、ential value would be RMB 7</p><p>　　The application of wood-plastic composites is an important national policy of China concerning renewable resources. In 2010, the National Development and Reform Commissio

42、n, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Commerce jointly

43、 issued the Outline of Technical Policies for Comprehensive Use of Resources in China, clearly putting forward</p><p>　　Step 1 (2011-2015): 5,000,000 tons (basic objective); 8,000,000 tons (development objec

44、tive); </p><p>　　Step 2 (2016-2020): 15,000,000-20,000,000 tons (development objective) [21]; an industrial system with an annual output of RMB 300 billion.</p><p>　　Table 4: Annual outputs, obj

45、ectives and potentials of wood-plastic composites in China</p><p>　　Source: Outline of the Development Plan for China’s Wood-Plastic Composite Industry in the 12th</p><p>　　Five-year Plan Period

46、</p><p>　　3.3. Toilet paper </p><p>　　Waste toilet paper is not listed in Table 1 and Table 3 as a physical component of domestic waste. Despite serious pollution, the separate collection and di

47、sposal of such waste are seldom mentioned in domestic research documents. As far as resource recycling is concerned, it is a rich cellulosic resource with stable sources. It is practical to produce fuel ethanol from sepa

48、rately-collected waste toilet paper through centralized disposal. </p><p>　　In industrially developed countries, there are 170 tons of cellulosic materials in every 250 tons of urban waste, which can produc

49、e about 36.5 tons of ethanol – 14.6 tons of ethanol out of 100 tons of cellulosic waste. The dry-basis separation test shows that 166.29kg of low-value unmarketable waste includes 8.75kg of toilet paper (5.26%). Without

50、public data, we assume waste toilet paper averagely accounts for 3% of urban and rural domestic waste, so there would be 15,000,000 tons of waste toil</p><p>　　US technologies such as Nitick and Penn-GE (com

51、plex hydrolysis and fermentation) which is jointly developed by the University of Pennsylvania and General Electric work on urban cellulosic waste to transform all the organisms into liquid fuels and other valuable produ

52、cts, making new breakthroughs in the energy-oriented use of urban cellulosic waste and suggesting biological disposal solutions for urban and rural cellulosic waste (other than burying or burning it).</p><p>

53、;　　3.4. Waste glass</p><p>　　According to Tables 1-2, glass accounts for 0.95% of urban domestic waste in China (200,000,000 tons x 0.95% = 1,900,000 tons). In rural domestic waste there is 4,530,000 tons of

54、 glass (300,000,000 x 1.51%). Therefore, there is totally 6,430,000 tons of glass in urban and rural domestic waste. Each ton of waste glass can produce 20,000 wine bottles. Conservatively, each bottle costs RMB 0.1, so

55、the market potential of waste glass is RMB 2,000 per ton, that is, RMB 12.86 billion in total. </p><p>　　In fact, waste glass may have higher economic value after resource recycling. Concrete with 35% of gla

56、ss aggregates from the US has proved qualified for the design requirements in its compression strength, shrinkage and water absorbability. Waste glass can also be made into glass-ceramic artificial marble slabs, building

57、 tiles, glass mosaics, heat-insulating and soundproof materials, etc. The potential value of the 6,430,000 tons of waste glass may be higher in case of a larger value-added pro</p><p>　　3.5. Used clothes &

58、lt;/p><p>　　So far used clothes are seldom recycled as resources but directly buried or burned in most cases. Based on relevant data in Tables 1-3, the total amount of used clothes in urban and rural domestic w

59、aste in China is 8,110,000 tons, including 3,280,000 tons in urban domestic waste and 4,830,000 tons in rural domestic waste. The prices of used clothes offered on www.zz91.com from May 17 to June 17, 2012 ranged from RM

60、B 700/t to RMB 8,800/t. The 8,110,000 tons of used clothes would cost RMB 8.11 bil</p><p>　　The industrialization of technologies for comprehensive use of used clothing fibers has been included into the Outl

61、ine of Technical Policies for Comprehensive Use of Resources in China, and national policies have made it clear to industrialize the recycling of used textiles. By turning such domestic waste as glass, textiles, paper a

62、nd tiles into reinforcing fillers for wood-plastic composites, Ma Jianli et al. have found that short textile fibers have the best mechanical properties for reinforc</p><p>　　3.6. Waste electronics, paper an

63、d metals </p><p>　　Waste electronics are not listed in Table 1 and Table 3 as physical components of domestic waste. According to Table 2, the percentage of waste electronics in low-value non-marketable wast

64、e is 1.24%, so we estimate there are about 6,200,000 tons of waste electronics in the 500,000,000 tons of domestic waste in China. The estimates of the Ministry of Science and Technology show that by 2010, there were 3,0

65、00,000 tons of waste electronics in China, and the figure will climb to 5,000,000 tons by 20</p><p>　　According to Table 1 and Table 3, paper accounts for 10.68% of urban domestic waste (about 21,360,000 ton

66、s) and 2.88% of rural domestic waste (about 8,640,000 tons) in China, so the total weight would be 30,000,000 tons. The potential value would be around RMB 30 billion if the paper costs RMB 1,000/t (a modest price of was

67、te paper in the Pricelist of Renewable Resources in Some Cities and Provinces of China, June 12, 2012. </p><p>　　According to Table 1 and Table 3, metals account for 0.68% of urban domestic waste (about 1,34

68、0,000 tons) and 0.64% of rural domestic waste (about 1,920,000 tons) in China, so the total weight would be 3,260,000 tons. The potential value would be at least RMB 8.15 billion at a price of RMB 2,500/t for general was

69、te steel according to the Pricelist of Renewable Resources in Some Cities and Provinces of China, June 12, 2012.</p><p>　　The recycling potentials of tiles, mucks, bamboo and other components as well as the

70、200,000,000 tons of water are not estimated in this paper. </p><p>　　4. Conclusions </p><p>　　(1) Recycling of urban and rural domestic waste would create potential values of RMB 926.17 billion

71、, RMB 1,065.98 billion and RMB 1,205.81 billion upon three prices of granulated organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. 69,905,000 tons of granulated organic-inorganic compound fertilizers would be produced from food was

72、te, so the potential values from resource recycling would be RMB 139.81 billion, RMB 279.62 billion and RMB 419.43 billion upon the three prices. 126,870,000 tons of wood-plastic sl</p><p>　　Fig.1. Resource

73、recycling potentials of different components of low-value domestic waste (unit: RMB 100 million)</p><p>　　(2) Dry-basis separation from the source is the basis for the industrialization of domestic waste res

74、ources. Effective source separation is the only way to separate renewable resources in domestic waste into single-component, clean raw materials for pre-homogenization, so as to realize resource recycling, truly eliminat

75、e environmental pollution and resource waste caused by mixed burying or burning, and help tackle the crises of resource shortage and the encirclement of domestic waste.</p><p>　　(3) Resource recovery of dome

76、stic waste is a major strategic emerging industry in China. The waste recovery output in China exceeded RMB 1 trillion in 2010, and is expected to hit RMB 2 trillion by 2015. Resource recycling of domestic waste, with a

77、potential value of about RMB 1 trillion, is an even more crucial energy-saving and environment-friendly strategic emerging industry which will continue to grow in the future. </p><p>　　(4) How to break the b

78、ottleneck of separation technologies is the key to recovery of domestic waste. The long-existing absence of breakthroughs in separation of domestic waste is one of the reasons for the increasingly serious crisis of domes

79、tic waste in China. It is necessary to build a smoothly-connected, comprehensive dry-basis separation technology system for separate collection, transportation and disposal, give priority to the development of key techno

80、logies, and continue to develop, test </p><p>　　資源回收潛力分析研究——基于中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾的研究</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾總濕基重量大約是每年5億噸，其中60％來自干基廢物（約300,000,000噸）。單組合物，清潔廢物分離以

81、干基計算，特別是低價值的食品廢物和塑料組件，具有巨大的資源回收再利用的潛力。500,000,000噸的城鄉(xiāng)生活廢物的資源化利用的潛在附加價值將約為人民幣926.17億元，人民幣1,065.98億元及人民幣1,205.81億元，在三個價格顆粒狀的有機 - 無機復合肥料。一個潛在的價值為人民幣1,065.98億元，舉例來說，將是中國2011年GDP的2.26％（471564億人民幣），這可能使國內(nèi)廢棄物資源循環(huán)利用成為大產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。家居廢物資

82、源回收是一個主要的能源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好的戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，在中國應優(yōu)先建立最大的資源回收和資源回收家居廢物管理策略。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：家居廢物，資源回收，潛力分析</p><p><b>　　問題</b></p><p>　　中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾資源回收利用潛力評價，一個精心繪制技術(shù)路線圖，是國內(nèi)的浪費和行之有效的管理政策的重要依據(jù)

83、。根據(jù)國內(nèi)廢物包括城市生活垃圾干基分離試驗，高附加值適銷對路的浪費和低價值的滯銷廢物，其中第一類的紙，笨重的家具和其他可能會被收集并通過各種銷售渠道進行銷售的，而第二類因為他們的“無用”被送去垃圾填埋場或燒毀。</p><p>　　根據(jù)世界銀行的統(tǒng)計，中國的二手材料將有一個廣闊的市場，而到2030年，城市生活垃圾在中國特別是紙張和金屬，將是世界上一個最大的商品來源。國內(nèi)研究表明，中國每年生產(chǎn)400,000,000

84、噸的生活垃圾，這表明它是浪費使用時間的一種戰(zhàn)略資源。根據(jù)學術(shù)界，廢物應被稱為一個和唯一增長的資源，是垃圾處理行業(yè)計劃的重點產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。</p><p>　　據(jù)有關(guān)部門統(tǒng)計，“可再生資源”，在中國城市每年被丟棄的，價值人民幣25億元，每年丟棄家居廢物“資源”價值約人民幣125億元。在中國，每年都會有數(shù)額巨大的國內(nèi)廢物深埋或燒毀分離前，其資源回收潛力需要進一步研究。在本文中，資源回收利用潛力增值干基原料的加工和生產(chǎn)從中

85、國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾的材料估計，是在干基分離試驗和國內(nèi)相關(guān)研究和分析的基礎上。</p><p>　　中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾的總重量和總干基重量</p><p>　　總的濕基重量和總干基重量的基礎數(shù)據(jù)的準確性，是分析家庭廢物資源回收再利用潛力的必要性。然而，我們知道目前城市生活垃圾是已經(jīng)收集和運輸?shù)臄?shù)量，而不是被生產(chǎn)農(nóng)村生活垃圾的數(shù)量。因此，我們估計生產(chǎn)廢棄物收集和運輸?shù)闹亓?，并根?jù)數(shù)據(jù)計算

86、農(nóng)村生活垃圾生產(chǎn)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。</p><p>　　2.1、城市生活垃圾年生產(chǎn)量</p><p>　　根據(jù)工信部的數(shù)據(jù)，城市生活垃圾在中國的654個城市被收集和運輸，2010年達1.57億噸。根據(jù)張麗景保守估計，生產(chǎn)被認為是高于25％[7]或30％以上[8]。因此，實際生產(chǎn)中，在654個城市的城市生活垃圾可能被估計在19625萬噸和20410萬噸之間。</p><p>

87、;　　2.2、農(nóng)村生活垃圾年生產(chǎn)量</p><p>　　據(jù)在全國范圍內(nèi)共同舉辦的全國愛國衛(wèi)生運動委員會和衛(wèi)生部從2006年8月至2007年11月在農(nóng)村的飲用水和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生的調(diào)查，家居廢物的一個重要組成部分農(nóng)戶廢物，農(nóng)村生活垃圾的生產(chǎn)是每人每天0.86千克，每年有近3億噸，產(chǎn)生的生活垃圾在中國農(nóng)村地區(qū)的[9]，其中1/3（約100,000,000噸）隨意傾倒，嚴重污染環(huán)境。</p><p>　

88、　2.3、總干基重量城鄉(xiāng)生活廢物</p><p>　　在北京的城市生活垃圾的平均含水率是50.19％[10]。估計為50％的含水量，200,000,000噸城市生活垃圾在中國生產(chǎn)約100,000,000噸的水，這意味著干基總重量為100,000,000噸。依據(jù)北京農(nóng)村生活垃圾的含水量為35.79％計算，300,000,000噸的中國農(nóng)村生活垃圾產(chǎn)生10737萬噸水，約200,000,000噸干基廢物的總和。在這樣

89、的情況下，每年在中國國內(nèi)城市和農(nóng)村的廢物量是約5億噸，其中包括超過200,000,000噸的水，約300,000,000噸干基廢物。</p><p>　　2.4、參考物理組件對城鄉(xiāng)生活廢物的資源回收潛力進行評估</p><p>　　城市生活垃圾資源回收利用潛力評價參考組件見表1和表2，農(nóng)村生活垃圾基于謝東明的結(jié)果。</p><p>　　表1 在2007年北京城

90、八區(qū)的家居廢物物理組件（濕基，％）</p><p>　　食物垃圾 塑料 紙 塵 竹 紡織 玻璃 磚 金屬 其他</p><p>　　66.22 12.30 10.68 4.83 2.27 1.64 0.95 0.68 0.26 0.17</p><p>　　表

91、2 低價值的城市生活垃圾的物理組件</p><p>　　食物垃圾 變廢塑料 衛(wèi)生紙 玻璃 二手衣服 家政服務垃圾 電子廢物</p><p>　　70.34 12.34 7.22 3.60 3.20 1.64 1.24</p><p>　　表3 中國農(nóng)

92、村生活垃圾的物理組件（以濕基計，％）</p><p>　　渣土 食品廢物 其他 塑料 紙 紡織品 金屬 玻璃</p><p>　　55.76 24.54 7.05 6.02 2.88 1.61 1.51 0.64</p><p>　　3、城市和農(nóng)村的生活垃圾資

93、源回收潛力的估計</p><p>　　根據(jù)表1-3中的參考組件，國內(nèi)主要的廢物資源回收潛力估計如下。</p><p><b>　　3.1、食物垃圾</b></p><p>　　城市食物垃圾。城市家庭食物垃圾中生活垃圾占相當大的一部分（如表1所示，食物垃圾占生活垃圾的66.22％，在2007年北京城八區(qū)）。為方便起見，我們假設平均有60％的食物浪

94、費成為城市生活垃圾，所以城市生活垃圾1.2億噸中會有餐廚垃圾200,000,000噸。據(jù)李振山等人的觀點，食品廢棄物干重占20-25％，所以每年中國城市餐廚垃圾的干基總重量將為2760萬噸，平均干重占23％時。最合適的堆肥含水量為50-60％[16]，所產(chǎn)生的有機肥料，重量比總重量輕50％，，所以在中國城市生活垃圾有機肥的潛在數(shù)量有55％的水含量的情況下將是2139萬噸的（27600000*1.55=42780000/2）。</p

95、><p>　　根據(jù)表3，食品廢物占中國的農(nóng)村生活垃圾總量的24.54％。基于一個圓形的百分比為25％，中國農(nóng)村食品廢物的總量是7500萬噸，包括1750萬噸的干基礎廢棄物（干基含量：23％）可產(chǎn)生有機肥料（17,500,000*1.55=27515000/2）。</p><p>　　根據(jù)上面的分析和估計，中國城市和農(nóng)村生活垃圾每年500,000,000噸餐廚垃圾有機肥理論潛在金額將是34952

96、500噸（21,390,000+13562500）。在最合適的有機和無機養(yǎng)分的有機 - 無機復合肥料（1:1）比例的情況下，潛在的量的有機 - 無機復合肥在中國的食品廢棄物中接近69905000噸。</p><p>　　顆粒狀的有機 - 無機復合肥是高效、高品質(zhì)的緩釋肥料。在國外緩/控釋肥料的成本通常比普通肥料高3-9倍以上[18]，比普通化肥多2-8倍，被稱為“買不起的化肥”。2012年6月，??在國內(nèi)市場尿素

97、價格穩(wěn)定在2,300元左右/噸。鑒于尿素價格2,000元人民幣/噸，顆粒狀的有機 - 無機復合肥69905000噸的潛在價值將在不同的價格比率（ 1:1，2:1和3:1）為人民幣139.81億元，人民幣279.62億元和人民幣419.43億元的緩/控釋肥料與普通肥料。</p><p><b>　　3.2、廢塑料</b></p><p>　　低價值的廢塑料通常被送往填埋

98、場或焚燒，而不是被回收，導致了嚴重的環(huán)境污染和資源浪費。根據(jù)表1，廢塑料在北京城八區(qū)的生活垃圾占13.11％，以中國城市生活垃圾總量的塑料2000萬噸作為基期（假定為方便起見，在10％）的百分比。根據(jù)表3，6.02％，農(nóng)村生活垃圾是塑料，所以總量是1806萬噸。因此，城市和農(nóng)村的廢塑料的年產(chǎn)量約3806萬噸。</p><p>　　木塑復合材料是新的可逆和可回收的多用途材料，主要由木纖維和塑料（塑料樹脂30-75％

99、;木纖維：25-70％）。木塑建筑模板的廢舊塑料（30％）和木屑（70％）已經(jīng)在中國開發(fā)，這意味著3806萬噸廢塑料，木塑板，可以生產(chǎn)12687萬噸。假設木塑模板成本人民幣5,760元/噸，其潛在價值將人民幣741.1百萬噸1億元。</p><p>　　中國的有關(guān)政策表明，木塑復合材料的應用是國家重要的可再生資源。 2010年，國家發(fā)展和改革委員會，科學技術(shù)部，工業(yè)和信息化部，工信部，國土資源部，住房和城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展部