護理專業(yè)英語描述

1、1,Nursing English,Annie Wong 王一婷Email: wyt@wzmc.edu.cn Office:7D306,2,Requirements,PreviewPracticePerformance,RaptureReviewRepeat,Reference,,《護理英語》人民衛(wèi)生出版社 宋軍主編《護患情景會話100例》 東南大學出版社 李惠玲主編《醫(yī)學英語單詞觸類旁通》科學技術文獻出版社

2、周鐵成編著《醫(yī)學英語聽與說》高等教育出版社 王麗娟主編《醫(yī)學英語教學短文閱讀》上海外語出版社 梁正溜主編 Parkinson J, Brooker C. (2004). Everyday English for International Nurses. 1st ed. Churchill Livinstone.,4,Unit 1Introduction to Medical Terms,5,Learning objective

3、s,掌握：醫(yī)學英語復數(shù)形式；醫(yī)學英語單詞的構成法熟悉：醫(yī)學英語單詞的發(fā)音基本規(guī)律了解：醫(yī)學英語的來源；醫(yī)學英語的同義現(xiàn)象,Origin of Medical Terms,Native Words,,Old English,Borrowed Words,,GreekLatinFrenchGermanItalianSpanish……,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,開音節(jié)、重讀開音節(jié)：讀字母音A rate date

4、 ba●sinE re●nal pe●nisI bite gly●ce●miaO nose di●ag●no●sisU nude stu●dent,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,重讀閉音節(jié)、閉音節(jié)：讀強弱音、弱音A rat gland tho●′rac●icE bet ′ret●i●naI bit ′bis●cuit

5、O nod ′tox●icU null ′stub●born,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,重讀音節(jié)確定1、大部分重音在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié),Ba′cil●lus （桿菌）Appendi′ci●tis（闌尾炎）ade′no●ma（腺瘤）Splenocera′to●sis（脾硬化）Transu′re●thral（經(jīng)尿道的）strepto′co ● cus（鏈球菌）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,重讀音節(jié)確定1、大部

6、分重音在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié)※兩個元音一起算一個音節(jié),A′ne●mia （貧血）Macro′so●mia（巨體）Choleli′thia●sis（膽石病）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,重讀音節(jié)確定1、大部分重音在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié)2、重音在倒數(shù)第一音節(jié),-rrhea diarrhea (loose bowels)腹瀉 menorrhea (period)月經(jīng) amenorrhea 閉經(jīng) rhinorrhea 鼻溢,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本

7、規(guī)則,重讀音節(jié)確定1、大部分重音在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié)2、重音在倒數(shù)第一音節(jié)3、以下詞尾的重音在倒數(shù)第三音節(jié),1）-y 2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al結尾的詞5）部分-ate結尾的詞,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,-y：學科、方法、性質(zhì)Physi′ology （生理學）Im′munity （免疫）Disa′bility （殘疾）Ma′ternity（母性、懷孕）Gas′trectomy（胃切除）Lapa′ros

8、copy （腹腔鏡）Bron′chography （支氣管造影）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,-oid 像、類、似、狀Al′buminoid （白蛋白樣的，類蛋白）Ca′rotinoid （類胡蘿卜素）′Rheumatoid （類風濕的）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,-meter 計Ther′mometer （體溫計）Spi′rometer （肺活量計）Sphyg′mometer （脈搏計）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,部分-a

9、l結尾的詞 ′cerebral （大腦的）Pro′fessional （專業(yè)的）E′sophageal （食道的）′Laryngeal （喉的）′Pharyngeal （咽的）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,部分-ate結尾的詞Per′manganate（高錳酸鹽）Re′ticulate （成網(wǎng)狀）′Aggregate （聚集）′Aggravate （加重）,醫(yī)學英語單詞發(fā)音基本規(guī)則,重讀音節(jié)確定1、大部分重音在倒數(shù)第二

10、音節(jié)2、重音在倒數(shù)第一音節(jié) -rrhea3、以下詞尾的重音在倒數(shù)第三音節(jié),1）-y 2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al結尾的詞5）部分-ate結尾的詞,19,Formation of plurals,Words ending in a, retain the a and add e,Word analysis,20,Formation of plurals,Words ending in um, drop the u

11、m and add a,Word analysis,21,Formation of plurals,Words ending in us, drop the us and add i,Word analysis,22,Formation of plurals,Words ending in ex or ix ,drop the ex or ix,and add ices,Word analysis,23,Formation of plu

12、rals,Words ending in is ,drop the is and add es,Word analysis,24,Formation of plurals,Words ending in on ,drop the on and add a,Word analysis,Synonymous phenomenon of medical terms,26,Word-formation in Medical Terminolog

13、y醫(yī)學英語構詞法,Affixation 詞綴法Composition 合成法Conversion 轉(zhuǎn)類法Blending 拼綴法,Backformation 逆成法Clipping 截短法Acronyms 首字母縮略法,27,Affixation,PrefixationAutograft isograft allograft xenograft SuffixationImmune immunity immu

14、nize immunizationCombining vowelO I A,RETROGASTRICRetr-o-gastr-ic(prefix-vowel-root-sufix),28,Composition,Compound word 合成詞Open compoundHeart failure / bone growth /sleeping sickness……Hyphenated co

15、mpoundHigh-resolution / fat-free / bottle-feed ……Solid compoundWindpipe / sleepwalk / overweight……Neoclassical compound 新古典主義合成詞Biocide / psychanalysis / biophysics ……,29,Conversion,I sent you an e-mail. I e-mailed

16、 you yesterday.Can I have your e-mail address in case I need to e-mail you.,30,Blending,Part + part genome (gene + chromosome) Whole + part breathalyzer (breath + analyzer)Part + whole Medicaid

17、 (medical + aid) medicare (medical + care) chemotherapy (chemical + therapy),31,Backformation,動詞由名詞去掉詞綴而來Chain-smoke chain-smokerAutomate

18、 automation Diagnose diagnosis Ovulate ovulation Psychoanalyze psychoanalysis,,,,,,32,Clipping,Exam examinationFlu influenzaLab

19、 laboratory Polio poliomyelitisPsych psychology Ad advertisement,,,,,,,33,Acronyms,CT (computerized tomography) / RBC (red blood cell) / ECG (electrocardiogram) TB (tub

20、erculosis) / OD (overdose) / IV (intravenous) a.c. (ante cibum = before meal) p.c. (post cibum = after meal)b.i.d (bis in die = twice a day)t.i.d (ter in die = three times a day),Homework,Reading first part “Brief Hi

21、story of English Language”Translate “Early Modern English”(class 1) and “Late Modern English”(class 2), and submit within 2 weeks.,35,Unit 2Word Analysis,Learning objectives,掌握：常見的詞根前綴、后綴和聯(lián)接詞學會:根據(jù)前綴、后綴、詞根估測單詞的意思,37,W

22、ord analysis,Hemat/o/logyElectr/o/cardi/o/gramGastr/o/enter/o/logyRetro/gastr/ic Pre/nat/al,38,The three types of word part,Word roots usually indicate the involved body partSuffixes usually indicate the procedure,

23、condition, disorder, or disease.Prefixes usually indicate the location, time, number, or status.,39,Rules for using the combing vowel,A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel (a-e-i-o-u)A combi

24、ning vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant.A combining vowel is always used when two or more roots words are joined.A prefix does not require a combining vowel.,Retro/gastr/ic,Hemat/o/logy,Sub/hepat/ic,

25、Gastr/o/enter/o/logy,40,? Word roots? Prefixes? Suffixes? Formation of plurals,Word analysis,41,Word roots,AdenomaAdenitisAdenology,Word analysis,Aden/o 腺體,42,Word roots,Biology′BiopsyBiotherapy,Word analysis,B

26、i/o 生物、生命；成雙的,BicephalusBicolorBicycle,43,Word roots,CarcinomaCarcinosarcoma,Word analysis,Carcin/o 癌，瘤,44,Word roots,CardiologyCardio′vascularCardiomy′opathy,Word analysis,Cardi/o 心臟,45,Word roots,′Cerebrum′Cerebr

27、alCerebritisCerebrovascular accident,Word analysis,Cerebr/o 大腦,46,Word roots,Cysto′scope/cysto′scopyCys′tomaCystopyeloneph′ritis,Word analysis,Cyst/o 包囊，囊腫，膀胱,47,Word roots,CytobiologyCytocide insecticide,Word anal

28、ysis,E′rythrocyte′Leukocyte′Thrombocyte′Lymphocyte′Monocyte,Cyt/o -cyte 細胞,48,Word roots,DermatitisDermal/DermicDerma′tosis/derma′topathy,Word analysis,Dermat/o derm/o 皮膚,49,Word roots,Electroen′cephalogram

29、Encepha′losis/encepha′lopathy,Word analysis,Encephal/o 腦,50,Word roots,Gastroente′rologyGastritis,Word analysis,Gastr/o 胃,51,Word roots,HematomaHemo′globin′Hematocyte′Hemogram,Word analysis,Hemat/o Hem/o 血液,52,Wor

30、d roots,HepatitisHepatocarci′noma,Word analysis,Hepat/o 肝臟,53,Word roots,Laryn′gitisLaryn′g/o/scopy,Word analysis,Laryng/o 喉,54,Word roots,Lymph/o/cyteLymph/aden/itis,Word analysis,Lymph/o,55,Word roots,Mast/o/carcin

31、omaMast/itis,Word analysis,mast/o 乳房 乳腺,56,Word roots,′NephricNeph′ritisNeph′rectomy,Word analysis,Nephr/o 腎臟,Ren/o,Renal,57,Word roots,NeurologyNeuralNeu′ralgia,Word analysis,Neur/o 神經(jīng),58,Word roots,On′cologistOn′

32、cotomy,Word analysis,Onc/o 腫瘤，腫塊,59,Word roots,Oph′thalmicOphthal′mectomyOphthal′malgia,Word analysis,Ophthalm/o 眼睛,60,Word roots,OsteoarthritisOsteoarthropathy,Word analysis,Oste/o 骨骼,61,Word roots,Pathologist/Pathol

33、ogyPathologicPathogly′cemia,Word analysis,Path/o,62,Word roots,PsychosisPsychologypsychologist,Word analysis,Psych/o,63,Word roots,Rhin/o/rrhagiaRhin/o/plastyRhin/itis,Word analysis,Rhin/o 鼻子,64,Word roots,Hemat/ur

34、iaUr/emia,Word analysis,ur/o ;urin/o 尿,65,Prefixes,a-,an-,ab Anemia Abnormal Abacterial Anallergicauto-Autopsy Autoimmune Autoantibodydia-Diagnosis Diameter,Word analysis,66,Prefixes,dys-Dyse

35、ntery Dysarthrosisendo-Endocrine Endomyocarditisexo-Exocrine,Word analysis,67,Prefixes,hyper-Hyperglycemia Hypertensionhypo-Hypodermic Hypoglycemia Hypotensionpro-Prognosis Pronucleus Proerythroc

36、yte,Word analysis,68,Prefixes,re-Reevaluate Reexamineretro-Retrogastric Retrocardiacsub-Subhepatic Subrectal,Word analysis,69,Prefixes,trans-TransurethralTransdermalTransabdominal,Word analysis,70,Suffixe

37、s,-al neural enteral-algia arthralgia neuralgia -cyte leukocyte erythrocyte-ectomy gastrectomy nephrectomy-emia leukemia hyperglycemia,Word analysis,71,Suffixes,-globin hemo

38、globin -gram hemogram arthrogram-ic gastric nephric dermic-ism hyperthyroidism feminism -itis gastroenteritis nephritis,Word analysis,72,Suffixes,-logist neurologist

39、 endocrinologist-logy nephrology gynecology-oma hepatoma carcinoma-opsy biopsy autopsy-osis nephrosis gastrosis,Word analysis,73,Suffixes,-scope gastroscope laparoscope

40、-scopy laparoscopy arthroscopy-sis diagnosis prognosis-tomy neurotomy lapraotomy,Word analysis,74,Suffixes -----reviewing,-ectomy VS -tomy-osis VS -sis-scope V

41、S -scopy,Word analysis,75,,,76,Expanding your knowledge,Colloquial EnglishIdioms: parts of the bodyPhrasal verbsProfessional and General Nursing School,77,Colloquial English,Anus - back passageBladder – waterworksB

42、owels – gutBrain – headpiece, noodle, nutBreast – bosom, chest, nipples,Parts of the body,78,Colloquial English,Elbow – funny boneEnlargement of abdomen in older people – middle-age spreadEye – optics, peepersTo be

43、boss-eyed; to be cock-eyedTo have a lazy eye,79,Colloquial English,Genitals – down below, private parts, thingHead – brain-box, brain-pan, skullHeart – engineTo have a dicky heartLungs – bellows, tubesTo be short-w

44、inded,80,Colloquial English,Legs – bandy legged (bow), drumsticks, knock-kneed, peg leg, pinsTo have a gammy legTo have duck’s diseaseTo be bad on one’s pinsNavel – belly button,81,Colloquial English,Nose – beacon; t

45、o be blocked up; stuffySpine – backboneStomach – abdomen, tummyTo burpTo have a gastric stomachTo have a pain in one’s guts,82,Colloquial English,Throat – organ-pipe, windpipeA churchyard coughPhlegmTo have a fro

46、g in the throatTo have a throatTongue – furred, furry, thickUrethra – pipe, waterpipe,83,Colloquial English,ConstipationTo be bunged upTo be costiveI haven’t been for 4 days.Defaecate To do a big jobTo have the

47、bowels openedTo use a bedpan,Body functions,84,Colloquial English,DieTo be a gonerTo burn oneself outTo pass awayTo lay outTo pop off To go to the next world,85,Colloquial English,FaintTo back outTo pass outFae

48、ces, stoolsBusiness, motionsAre your motions well formed?,86,Colloquial English,MenstruateOne’s periodThe time of the monthWhen was your last period?Have you seen anything?I haven’t seen for 6 weeks.,87,Colloquial

49、 English,PregnantTo be expectingTo be having a babyTo be in a delicate conditionTo fall for a babyShe’s 6 months gone.,88,Colloquial English,SleepTo close one’s eyesTo have a catnapTo nod offTo have some shut-ey

50、eTo have a doze,89,Colloquial English,Urinate (micturate)To pass waterTo spend a penny (women only)To wee-wee (childish)To hold out a babyTo pot,90,Colloquial English,VomitTo be sickTo pump your heart upTo feel