2023年全國(guó)碩士研究生考試考研英語(yǔ)一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁(yè)
已閱讀1頁(yè)，還剩12頁(yè)未讀， 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明：本文檔由用戶(hù)提供并上傳，收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方，若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

1、標(biāo)題：DirecttoconsumerPreionDrugAdvertising:aStudyofConsumerAttitudesBehavialIntentions原文：IntroductionIndertoincreasebrawarenessfpreionmedicationdrugmanufacturersspent$15.7billiononpromotionsin2001ofwhich$2.5billionwenttoma

2、ssmediaadvertising.Preiondrugadvertisingoftenreferredtoasdirecttoconsumer(DTC)advertisinghasincreasedatanannualrateof1320percentsince1997.ThusfartherehavebeenmixedfindingsregardingtheoverallfinancialimpactofDTCadvertisin

3、gonthepharmaceuticalindustry.Whilethereissomeevidencethatsuggestsadirectpositivecrelationbetweenmassmediaadvertisingdrugmanufacturers’earnings(Findlay2002erson2003)therelationshipbetweenadvertingexpendituresthesuccessofs

4、pecificbrsisnotclear.ClearlydrugmanufacturersplaceagreatdealoffaithinDTCadstheimpactthattheycanhaveonconsumers’decisiontoadoptadvertisedbrsbuttheexactnatureofthatimpactremainscontroversial.Whilearecentstudyreptsthatfever

5、y10percentincreaseinDTCadvertisingthereisa1percentincreaseindrugsales(KaiserFamilyFoundation2003)thereisalsoevidencethatDTCadvertisingoftenservestoincreasethesizeofamarketfaspecificclassofdrugsbutnotnecessarilythemarkets

6、harefaparticularbr(Krisanits2003).ResearchershaveexaminedDTCadvertisingfromvariousviewpoints.SomehavefocusedonthegovernmentalrulingsthathavepavedthewayfDTCadvertising(Dukesetal.2001)thecaselawthatdealswithdrugmanufacture

7、rs’responsibilitytowarnconsumersaboutthesideeffectsofpreionmedication.OtherresearchershaverecentlyaddressedtheefficacyofDTCadvertisingasaneducationaltool.Whilesomeclaimthatthereis“l(fā)ittlerationalefdirecttoconsumeradvertis

8、ingofpreiondrugs”(LexchinMintzes2002p.194)otherssuggestthatDTCadvertisingbenefitsnotonlyhealthcareganizationsbutalsophysiciansaswellaspatients(Calfee2002).productstoconsumersisarelativelyrecentphenomenon(Dukesetal.2001).

9、Pritothe1980spreiondrugmanufacturersprimarilymarketedbreddrugstophysiciansinaneffttoavoiddisruptingtheintricateoftendelicaterelationshipthatexistedbetweendoctspatients(Dukesetal.2001Ausness2002).Between19831985theFDArequ

10、estedavoluntarymatiumonDTCadvertisingnotingthattherewasalackofpreviouscourtrulingsontheissue.Around1985thebanwasliftedthecourtsreachedacompromisebydeclaringthatDTCadsweretobesubjectedtothesameregulationsthathadpreviously

11、guidedpharmaceuticaldrugadvertisingtophysicians.Consumersweretobeprotectedthrough“fulldisclosure”drugmanufacturerswouldberequiredtoprovidea“briefsummary”oftheproductinthefmofpackage.Asaresultofindustrypressureafterconsid

12、erabledebatedeliberationtheFDArelaxeditsrulesin1997fthefirsttimemanufacturerswereallowedtoprovidethenameofthedrugtheconditionsthatwereassociatedwithitsuse.AtthesametimetheFDArelaxedtheguidelinesconcerningtheinfmationrega

13、rdingtheinclusionofproductriskinfmation.Withtherelaxedguidelinesdrugmanufacturerswouldonlyberequiredtomentionthemostcriticalinfmation–basicallythoserisksthatwouldbecommonfthegeneralpopulation.Inadditiondrugmanufacturersw

14、erealsorequiredtoopenupthelinesofcommunicationwiththeirconsumers.ConsequentlydrugmanufacturersstartedprovidingconsumerswithinfmationonrequestviatollfreenumberstheInterprintadvertisingsimilarmeans(Wilkesetal.2000).By1999t

15、hefinalguidanceonDTCadvertisingwasissuedDTCadshadgonemainstreamwithdrugmanufacturersusingabroadspectrumofpromotionaldevicesfpreiondrugsincludingthebackofATMreceiptsbankstatementsairlineluggagelabels(Reastetal.2004).Thede

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明，都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等，如果需要附件，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶(hù)所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙，網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽，若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 眾賞文庫(kù)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間，僅對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理，對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯，并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系，我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶(hù)因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論