通過對(duì)哥倫比亞的水資源的綜合管理分析得出其癱瘓【外文翻譯】_第1頁
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1、本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯原文：原文：IntegratedWaterResourceManagementinColombia:ParalysisbyAnalysis？Abstract：ThispaperreviewsthecurrentinstrumentsinColombianlegislationfwatermanagementincludingplanningeconomicadministrativeinstruments.I

2、nparticularitreviewstheWatershedManagementderingPlansadministrativepermitsfwaterusepollutionaswellaswaterusewaterpollutionges.Itanalyzeshowtheycouldinteractbeimplementedindertoundertakecomprehensiveintegratedwatermanagem

3、entbytheregionalenvironmentalauthities.ThepaperthenreviewshowtheseinstrumentsarecurrentlybeingimplementedbytheregionalenvironmentalauthitiesconcludingthatIWRMgoalsarenotbeingachieved.IntroductionThereisnoconsensusonwhatt

4、heconceptofIntegratedWaterResourceManagement(IWRM)means.TheGlobalWaterPartnership(2005)considersIWRMasameanstoachievethreestrategicgoals:(1)Efficiencytomakewaterresourcesextendasfaraspossible(2)Equityintheallocationofwat

5、eracrossdifferentsocialeconomicgroups(3)Environmentalsustainabilitytoprotectthewaterresourcesbaseassociatedecosystems.Traditionalapproacheshavetypicallyoverstatedoneoftheabovegoalswithoutconsideringtheothers.Fexamplethee

6、cosystemapproachisdirectedatmanagingwaterresourcesfocusingonthenaturalecosystemsconservationrestation(radeitdependsontheparticularframewkinstitutionsrelatedtothewaterresourcesinacountry.Oneapproachthathasbeenpromotedfthe

7、implementationofIWRMinLatinAmericaisthecreationofRiverBasinCommittees(RBC).IdeallyeachRBCshouldbeconstitutedbythewaterusersinabasinitsmainfunctionshouldbetheallocationofwateraswellasthefinanceofactivitiestoprotectthereso

8、urce.TherefeconcentratingthegoalsofIWRMinoneinstitutionwilltheeticallyensurethattheywillbeconsideredequallyinmanagementofthewater.Unftunatelythecreationoftheriverbasincommitteeshasnotproducedtheexpectedresults(Vargas(2)t

9、ocontrolwaterpollutionfpointnonpointsources(3)tofmulateadoptWatershedderingPlans(4)todesignfinanceimplementactivitiesftheprotectionofecosystems.CARsarealsoresponsibleftheconservationoffestsotherecosystems(i.e.paramos)rel

10、atedtothehydrologicalcycle.CARsareautonomousconsistingofaregionalBoardnotonlycomposedofamajityofregionalrepresentatives(DepartmentMunicipalNGOsBusinesssectethniccommunities)butalsoofrepresentativesfromnationalgovernment(

11、MinistryoftheEnvironmentthePresident).TheBoardappointsthedirectapprovesthebudget.AlthoughCARsreceiveresourcesfromthenationalbudgettheyhavetheirownfinancialresourceswhichmainlycompriseapercentageofthepropertytaxaswellasot

12、hertransfersenvironmentaltaxesgeneratedintheirjurisdiction.Theseacteristicsgivethemagooddegreeofflexibilitytoallocatefinancialresourcesimplementprojectsaccdingtotheirregionalpriities.TheeffectivetechnicalcapacityofCARsde

13、pendsmainlyontheavailabilityofresources.AsthemainfinancialresourcesareapercentageofthepropertytaxCARsthatincludehighlypopulatedareashaveahightechnicalcapacitysufficientpersonnel.OntheotherhCARsalsohavethefunctionofreview

14、ingapprovingtheenvironmentalcomponentoftheTerritialderingPlans(POT).ThePOTisfmulatedbythemunicipalitiescontainsamongotheraspectsthedelimitationofareasfurbanuseexpansionruraluse.Theyalsodefinecategiesimposerestrictionsont

15、heuseoflfenvironmentalculturalhisticpurposes.FinallytheNationalEnvironmentalSystemincludesfiveresearchinstitutions:(1)IDEAMisanationalresearchinstitutewhichcodinatestheColombianEnvironmentalInfmationSystemisresponsiblefm

16、eteologyhydrologyrelatedenvironmentalstudies.(2)TheVonHumboldtInstituteisresponsiblefbiologicalbiodiversityresearchstudies.(3)TheINVEMARInstituteisresponsiblefmarinecoastalresearchstudies.(4)TheSINCHIInstituteisresponsib

17、lefresearchconcerningnaturalresourcesoftheColombianAmazonregion.(5)TheIIAPInstituteisresponsiblefresearchconcerningsocioeconomicnaturalresourcesoftheColombianPacificregion.OftheaboveIDEAMisthemainresearchinstitutionrelat

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