英語閱讀理解正確項與干擾項的特點

1、1高考英語閱讀理解專題復習高考英語閱讀理解專題復習—英語閱讀理解正確選項與干擾選項的特點第一節(jié)正確選項往往是根據(jù)原文的詞或句進行語意轉(zhuǎn)換一般來說閱讀理解測試中要求找出主要事實或特定細節(jié)的問題在文章中均可找到回答。但是需要注意的是這些問題的表述常常不是采用文章中的原話而是根據(jù)原文的詞或句進行語意轉(zhuǎn)換。一、利用原文詞句的同義詞句或相似結構，轉(zhuǎn)換表達形式。【考例1】Shrilkhasgreatpotentialtheinventssaid.M

2、aterialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnaturefoundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshellsinsectbodiestolivingplants.Thatmakesshrilklowcostitsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedfproductsdemingalotofmaterial.(2012湖南卷C篇)68.Acc

3、dingtotheinventsshrilkhasgreatpotentialpartlybecause_____.A.itcanhelpplasticdegradeB.itcanbefoundinlivingthingsC.itsmassproductionhasbeenrealizedD.itsrawmaterialsareabundantinmature【考例2】“WeshowthatEasternersWesternersloo

4、katdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions”Jacksaid.“WesternerslookattheeyesthemouthinequalmeasurewhereasEasternersfavtheeyesneglect(忽略)themouth”(2010湖南卷C篇)ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners_______.A.payequalattentiont

5、otheeyesthemouthB.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliableC.observetheeyesthemouthindifferentwaysD.havemedifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions二、利用原文詞句的反義詞或相反結構，轉(zhuǎn)換表達形式。【考例3】Yetdespitethatreadingisincreasinglyunpopu

6、laramongchildren.Accdingtostatisticsin199723%saidtheydidn’tlikereadinginall.In200335%did.around6%ofchildrenleaveprimaryschooleachyearunabletoreadproperly.（2007山東B）Statisticssuggestedthat_______.A.thenumberoftopstudentsin

7、creasedwiththeuseofcomputersB.adecreasingnumberofchildrenshowedinterestinreadingC.aminityofprimacyschoolchildrenreadproperlyD.ahugepercentageofchildrenreadregularly【考例4】WhenIputonmyflashlightsIwassayingtootherdrivers“Iha

8、veaproblemhere.IamweakdoingthebestIcan.”everyoneunderstood.…insteadofgettingimpatientangry3A.WatchingnewseventsonTV.B.Drinkingakindofblackcoffee.C.ReadinglocalEnglishnewspapers.D.Discussingwldtopicsinlowvoices.(二)在推理判斷中利

9、用詞的表面意義來設置干擾推理判斷要求在理解原文表面信息的基礎上，做出一定的判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義，要注意不能以文字的表面含義代替推理。【考例1】（2010湖南卷B）Butshehasntalwayspracticedwhatsheteaches.Inherbookshedescribesthatawfuldayalmost40yearsagowhenshereceivedtwopiecesoflifechangingnews

10、.Firstshehadlostthebabyshewascarryingsecondtestsshowedthatshehaddiabetes.Inachildlikeactsheleftthehospitaltreatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts(甜甜圈).Yearswouldpassbefesherealizedshehadtogrowup—again—takecontrolofherdiabetesnot

11、letitcontrolher.Onlythendidshekickherthreepackadaycigarettehabitovercomeheraddictiontoalcoholbegintofollowabalanceddiet.WhenMaryreceivedthelifechangingnewsshe_________.A.lostcontrolofherselfB.beganabalanceddietC.triedtog

12、etatreatmentD.behavedinanadultway【考例2】…McKay’swarrecdsweredestroyedduringaWldWarIIairbombingonLondon—anexplanationfwhyhewasallbutfgotten.ButnowthankstotheefftsofBroadhisstudentsamarkerinMcKay’smemywasplacedontheuniversit

13、ygroundsinNovember2007.“IfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadthewd‘deceased’(陣亡)nexttohisname”saidCeyEverrettastudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisunifm.“Thiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenastudentjustlikeusbutin

14、steadoffinishinghistimeatWesternhechosetofightdiefhiscountry.”(2009湖南卷)WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMcKay________.A.preferredfighttohisstudyB.wenttowarbefegraduationC.leftapicturefCeyEverrettD.setanexamplefhisfellow

15、students【考例3】(2009湖北)AfewyearsagoPaulGernerbegantogatheragroupofarchitectsinLasvegastoaskthemwhatitwouldtaketodesignapublicschoolthatused50percentlessenergycostmuchlesstobuildobviouslyimprovedstudentlearning.”Ithinkhalfo

16、fthemfellofftheirchairs”Gernersays.HowdidthearchitectsreacttoGarner’sdesignrequirementsA.Theylostbalanceinexcitement.B.theyshowedstrongdisbelief.C.theyexpressedlittleinterest.D.theyburstintocheers.【考例4】Isuddenlyheardanel