a taste of english課件3

1、,A taste of English humour,Unit 3,Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language,,,,,,,,欄目導(dǎo)航,,,,,,,,v.﹣ing形式的用法一、v.﹣ing形式作表語(yǔ)v.﹣ing形式作表語(yǔ)有兩種不同的含義：1.說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。①Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。

2、②The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.真正的問(wèn)題是了解學(xué)生的需要。③His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛(ài)好是集郵。,考點(diǎn)　語(yǔ)法細(xì)解,2.說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)具有的特征。①The problem is quite puzzling.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令人困惑。②It was astonishing to see the an

3、imals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.看到了世界上其他地方找不到的動(dòng)植物真是令人驚訝。③The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting.宴會(huì)上的食物似乎并不誘人。,【溫馨提示】v.﹣ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，v.﹣ing形式表示一般性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或抽象

4、性的動(dòng)作，時(shí)間概念不強(qiáng)。而動(dòng)詞不定式表示的動(dòng)作往往是具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作，特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。,④Smoking is forbidden here.這里禁止吸煙。(泛指)⑤It’s not good for you to smoke so much.吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。(具體)⑥They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.天冷時(shí)他們喜歡待在室內(nèi)。(泛指)⑦W

5、ould you prefer to stay at home this evening?今晚你想待在家里嗎？(具體),二、v.﹣ing形式作定語(yǔ)1.單個(gè)的v.﹣ing形式可以作前置定語(yǔ)，一般有兩種含義。(1)說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room= a room for reading 閱覽室running shoes= shoes for running 跑鞋a working method = a m

6、ethod of working 工作方法a sewing machine 縫紉機(jī)a swimming pool 游泳池a drawing board 畫(huà)板 a dining car 餐車(chē)a driving permit 駕駛許可證a walking stick 手杖a singing competition 歌詠比賽 a waiting room 候車(chē)室,(2)表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)

7、作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國(guó)家an ordinary﹣looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來(lái)很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles som

8、ebody一個(gè)令人困惑的問(wèn)題The working people are masters of our country.勞動(dòng)人民是我們國(guó)家的主人。,Let sleeping dogs lie.不要惹麻煩。a disappointing play令人失望的戲劇an astonishing adventure驚人的冒險(xiǎn)boiling water正在沸騰的水a(chǎn) sleeping baby熟睡的嬰兒a barking dog狂吠

9、的狗the setting sun落日the coming week下一周failing sight逐漸衰退的視力,2.作定語(yǔ)的﹣ing形式如果是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。①The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.裝著醋的那個(gè)瓶子應(yīng)送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室去。②They lived in a house facing south.他們住在一所朝

10、南的房子里。③The book being discussed a lot will be published next month.人們談?wù)摵芏嗟哪潜緯?shū)下一個(gè)月將出版。,3.有些情況下，v.﹣ing形式不能用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)，必須使用定語(yǔ)從句。(1)作定語(yǔ)的﹣ing形式表示的動(dòng)作要與主句謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如兩者不能同時(shí)發(fā)生，則需使用定語(yǔ)從句?！菊`】The professor coming here yesterday will gi

11、ve us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.昨天來(lái)的教授將要給我們作一個(gè)講座。,(2)﹣ing形式的完成式一般只用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)?！菊`】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.【正】The temple wh

12、ich has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.被地震毀壞的廟宇很快就要修建了。,三、v.﹣ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.v.﹣ing形式可以在see,hear,notice,watch,feel,smell,look at,listen to,observe,find等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，和一個(gè)名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。①We hea

13、rd the children shouting upstairs.我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)孩子們?cè)跇巧辖泻?。②I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下車(chē)的時(shí)候注意到一個(gè)男人正從銀行里跑出來(lái)。③I felt my heart beating violently.我覺(jué)得我的心在猛烈地跳動(dòng)。,2.v.﹣ing形式和不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。在see,hea

14、r,feel,watch,notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用v.﹣ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，也可用不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，兩者之間有一定的區(qū)別。用v.﹣ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用不帶to的不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程結(jié)束了。①He saw a girl getting on the car.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩兒在上汽車(chē)。(She was getting on the car.)②He saw a girl get

15、 on the car and drive off.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩兒上車(chē)開(kāi)走了。(She got on the car and drove off.),③Do you hear someone knocking at the door？你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在敲門(mén)嗎？(Someone is knocking at the door.)④Do you hear someone knock at the door?你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén)了嗎？(Some

16、one knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是一系列的動(dòng)作，通常只能用不定式來(lái)表示，不用v.﹣ing形式。⑤I saw him enter the room,sit down and light a cigarette.我看見(jiàn)他走進(jìn)房間，坐了下來(lái)，點(diǎn)燃了一根香煙。,3.v.﹣ing形式也可用在have,get,leave,keep,set,catch等表示“致使”的動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

17、①They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.他們應(yīng)該讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。②I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。③We kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火燒了一晚上。,,制作者：狀元橋,適用對(duì)象：高一學(xué)生,制作軟件：Po