往屆細(xì)胞考試題

1、豆萁中山大學(xué)考研論壇1一、填空題一、填空題(每空每空0.5分，共分，共10分)1.分泌蛋白在內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)中通過加上寡聚糖寡聚糖進(jìn)行翻譯后修飾。蛋白質(zhì)1.在內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)和高爾基體高爾基體的腔中被被修飾。分泌蛋白通過出芽出芽并形成蛋白包被蛋白包被小泡小泡進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。有兩種類型的包被小泡，一種是籠形蛋白包被小泡籠形蛋白包被小泡，它介導(dǎo)調(diào)節(jié)型調(diào)節(jié)型的運(yùn)輸；另一種是包被蛋白復(fù)合體包被蛋白復(fù)合體小泡，它介導(dǎo)組成型組成型的運(yùn)輸。低密度的脂蛋白通過其表面的輔基

2、蛋白輔基蛋白B100與細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜中的受體受體結(jié)合，然后通過受體介導(dǎo)的內(nèi)吞作用受體介導(dǎo)的內(nèi)吞作用被運(yùn)進(jìn)細(xì)胞內(nèi)。2.控制芽殖酵母細(xì)胞周期有幾個(gè)關(guān)卡，其中G1關(guān)卡主要受START基因的控制。3.染色質(zhì)由DNA包裝成染色體壓縮了8400倍，其中壓縮率最高的是從螺線管螺線管壓縮成超螺線管超螺線管，有40倍。4.2002年的生理學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?lì)C給了兩位英國科學(xué)家和一位美國科學(xué)家，以表彰他們?yōu)檠芯科鞴侔l(fā)育和程序性細(xì)胞死亡過程中的基因調(diào)節(jié)作用基因調(diào)節(jié)作用

3、所作出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。5.在線粒體內(nèi)膜的呼吸鏈上有四種類型的電子載體，它們是∶①鐵硫蛋白鐵硫蛋白；②輔酶輔酶Q；③黃素蛋白黃素蛋白；④細(xì)胞色素細(xì)胞色素。二、判斷題二、判斷題(正確的標(biāo)正確的標(biāo)T，錯(cuò)誤的標(biāo)，錯(cuò)誤的標(biāo)F或?qū)懗霰匾拇鸢?，共或?qū)懗霰匾拇鸢?，?5分)1.IndicatewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheG1phaseofthecellcycletheSphasetheG2

4、phasetheMphase.Agivenstatementmaybetrueofanyallnoneofthephases.（每題0.5分，共5分）(a)TheamountofnuclearDNAinthecelldoubles.(b)Thenuclearenvelopebreaksintofragments.(c)Sisterchromatidsseparatefromeachother.(d)Cellsthatwillneverd

5、ivideagainarelikelytobearrestedinthisphase.(e)Theprimarycellwallofaplantcellfms.(f)Chromosomesarepresentasdiffuseextendedchromatin.(g)Thisphaseispartofinterphase.(h)Mitoticcydinisatitslowestlevel.(i)ACdkproteinispresenti

6、nthecell.(j)Acellcyclecheckpointhasbeenidentifiedinthisphase.Answer:(a)S(b)M(c)M(d)G1(e)M(f)Gl(g)GlG2S``(h)MG2S(i)GlSG2M(j)GlG2M2.同一個(gè)體不同組織的細(xì)胞中核仁的大小和數(shù)目都有很大的變化這種變化和豆萁中山大學(xué)考研論壇3d.signalpeptidase3.Whichofthefollowingexplainsw

7、hymicrosomescantbeseenincellsviewedwiththeelectronmicroscope（B）a.Theyarefartoosmall.b.Theyareartifactsofhomogenizationcentrifugation.c.Theyaretransparenttoelectrons.d.Theyactuallycanbeseeninelectronmicrographsofcells.4.I

8、fyoucomparedtheproteinsinacisGolgicompartmentwiththoseinatransGolgicompartmentyouwouldfind:（C）a.theproteinsinthetwocompartmentsareidentical.b.theproteinsintheciscompartmentareglycosylatedcontainmodifiedaminoacidswhereast

9、hoseinthetranscompartmentarenotmodified.c.theproteinsintheciscompartmentareglycosylatedwhereasthoseinthetranscompartmentareglycosylatedcontainmodifiedaminoacids.d.theproteinsoftheciscompartmentareshterthanthoseofthetrans

10、compartment.5.WhichtypeofvesicleofthetransGolgiwkwouldbemostlikelytocarryhmonesdestinedfregulatedsecretion（B）a.lysosomalvesiclesb.clathrincoatedvesiclesc.nonclathrincoatedvesiclesd.alloftheabove6.Ifyoutreatedcellswithadr

11、ugthatinterfereswithmicrotubulessuchascolchicinewhichofthefollowingwouldresult（D）a.Cellshapewouldbedisrupted.b.Mitosismeiosiswouldnotoccur.c.Theintracellularlocationofganelleswouldbedisrupted.d.Alloftheabovewouldresult.7

12、.FirstyoudissolvethemembranefromanintactflagellumusingthedetergentTritonX100.NextyousoaktheaxonemeinasolutioncontainingEDTAwhichremovestheMg2.Whatremainsoftheaxonemeafterthesetreatments（A）a.peripheraltubulesonlyb.periphe