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1、汽車底盤中英文翻譯汽車底盤中英文翻譯1.ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoperatingpartofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthetransmissionsuspensionsteeringbrakesystems.Transmissionsystems―conveysthedrivetothewheels.Themainco
2、mponentsareclutchgearboxdriveshaftfinaldrivedifferential.Suspension―absbstheroadshocks.Steering―controlsthedirectionofthemovement.Brake―slowsdownthevehicle.AutomobileBrakeSystemThebrakingsystemisthemostimptantsystemincar
3、s.Ifthebrakesfailtheresultcanbedisastrous.Brakesareactuallyenergyconversiondeviceswhichconvertthekiicenergy(momentum)ofthevehicleintothermalenergy(heat).Whensteppingonthebrakesthedrivercommsastoppingfcetentimesaspowerful
4、asthefcethatputsthecarinmotion.Thebrakingsystemcanexertthoussofpoundsofpressureoneachofthefourbrakes.Twocompleteindependentbrakingsystemsareusedonthecar.Theyaretheservicebraketheparkingbrake.Theservicebrakeactstoslowstop
5、holdthevehicleduringnmaldriving.Theyarefootoperatedbythedriverdepressingreleasingthebrakepedal.Theprimarypurposeoftheparkingbrakeistoholdthevehiclestationarywhileitisunattended.Theparkingbrakeismechanicallyoperatedbywhen
6、aseparateparkingbrakefootpedalhleverisset.Thebrakesystemiscomposedofthefollowingbasiccomponents:the“mastercylinder”whichislocatedunderthehoodisdirectlyconnectedtothebrakepedalconvertsdriverfoot’smechanicalpressureintohyd
7、raulicpressure.Steel“brakelines”flexible“brakehoses”connectthemastercylindertothe“slavecylinders”locatedateachwheel.Brakefluidspeciallydesignedtowkinextremeconditionsfillsthesystem.“Shoes”“pads”arepushedbytheslavecylinde
8、rstocontactthe“drums”“rots”thuscausingdragwhich(hopefully)slowsthecar.Thetypicalbrakesystemconsistsofdiskbrakesinfronteitherdiskdrumbrakesintherearconnectedbyasystemoftubeshosesthatlinkthebrakeateachwheeltothemastercylin
9、der.Basicallyallcarbrakesarefrictionbrakes.Whenthedriverappliesthebrakecaliperslidingcaliperdiskbrakesuseasinglepiston.Fixedcaliperdiskbrakeshaveeithertwofourpistons.SteeringSystemBasicPartsofSteeringSystemThesteeringcon
10、vertsthesteering–wheelrotarymotionintoaturnmotionofthesteeredwheelsofthevehicle.Thebasicsteeringsysteminmostcarsisthesame.Thesteeringgearofsteeringboxistheheartofthesteeringsystem.Thisisusuallynexttotheengine.Ashaftexten
11、dsfromthebackofthesteeringgear.Thisshaftisconnectedtothesteeringcolumnsteeringshaft.Thesteeringwheelisatthetopofthesteeringcolumn.Anothershaftcomesfromthebottomofthesteeringgear.Thisshaftconnectstothearmsrodslinks.Thispa
12、rtsassemblycalledthesteeringlinkageconnectsthesteeringgeartothepartsatthewheels.Thewheelstiresmounttothesteeringknucklestheknucklesarepivotedatthetopbottom.Thusthewheelsritescanturnfromsidetoside.Whilethesteeringsystemma
13、ylookcomplicateditwksquitesimply.Whenadriverdrivesacarstraightdowntheroadthesteeringgeariscentered.Thegearholdsthelinkagecenteredsothatthewheelstirespointstraightahead.Whenthedriverturnsthesteeringwheelthesteeringshaftro
14、tatesthesteeringgearmovestowardthatside.Theshaftcomingoutthebottomofthesteeringgearturnsaswell.Whentheshaftturnsitpullsthelinkagetoonesidemakesthesteeringknucklesturnslightlyabouttheirpivotpoints.Thusthesteeringknucklesp
15、indlewheelstiresturntoonesidecausingthecartoturn.Thetypeofsteeringlayoutdependsonthesuspensionsystem.Thebeamaxleusedonheavycommercialvehiclehasakingpinfittedateachendoftheaxlethispinisthepivotwhichallowsthewheelstobestee
16、red.Carshaveindependentsuspensionthissystemhasballjointstoallowfwheelmovement.TypesofSteeringSystemAsteeringboxmusthavethefollowingqualities:1)noplayinthestraightaheadposition2)lowfrictionresultinginhighefficiency3)highr
17、igidity4)readjustabilityFthesereasonstheseareseveraldifferenttypesofsteeringgears.Howeverthereareonlytwotypesofsteeringsystems:manualsteeringsystemspowersteeringsystems.Inthemanualtypethedriverdoseallthewkofturningtheste
18、eringwheelsteeringgearwheelstires.Inthepowerhydraulicfluidassiststheoperationsothatdriverefftisreduced.Ontoday’scarstwotypesofsteeringsystemscommonlyareusedtoprovidesteeringcontrol:1)recirculatingball2)rackpinionEitherof
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