icho（國際化學(xué)奧林匹克競(jìng)賽）考試大綱

1、2009.12SyllabusoftheIChOCopyleftCrB1SYLLABUSOFTHEINTERNATIONALCHEMISTRYOLYMPIADPartITheeticalpartLevel1:Thesetopicsareincludedintheoverwhelmingmajityofsecondaryschoolchemistryprogramsneednotbementionedinthepreparatyprobl

2、ems.Level2:Thesetopicsareincludedinasubstantialnumberofsecondaryschoolprogramsmaybeusedwithoutexemplificationinthepreparatyproblems.Level3:Thesetopicsarenotincludedinthemajityofsecondaryschoolprogramscanonlybeusedintheco

3、mpetitionifexamplesaregiveninthepreparatyproblems.1.Theatom原子結(jié)構(gòu)原子結(jié)構(gòu)1.1.Introduction1.1.1.Countingofnucleons原子核序數(shù)原子核序數(shù)11.1.2.Isotopes同位素同位素11.2.Thehydrogenatom1.2.1.Conceptofenergylevels能級(jí)的概念能級(jí)的概念11.2.2.Shapeofsbitalss軌道的

4、形狀軌道的形狀11.2.3.Shapeientationofpbitalsp軌道的形狀和取向軌道的形狀和取向11.2.4.Shapeientationofdbitalsd軌道的形狀和取向軌道的形狀和取向31.2.5.UnderstingthesimplestSchrodingerequation31.2.6.Squareofthewavefunctionprobability波函數(shù)的平方和幾率31.2.7.Quantumnumbers(

5、nlml)31.3.Radioactivity放射性放射性1.3.1.Typesofradioactivity11.3.2.Radioactivedecay放射性衰變放射性衰變11.3.3.Nuclearreactions核反應(yīng)22.Chemicalbonding化學(xué)鍵化學(xué)鍵2.1.VSEPR–Simplemolecularstructureswith2.1.1.nomethanfourelectronpairsaboutcentral

6、atom12.1.2.withcentralatomexceedingthe“octetrule”八隅律32.2.Delocalizationresonance離域和共振32.3.Hybridbitalthey雜化軌道理論32.4.Molecularbitalthey分子軌道理論2.4.1.molecularbitaldiagram(H2molecule)32.4.2.molecularbitaldiagram(N2O2molecule

7、s)32009.12SyllabusoftheIChOCopyleftCrB35.2.2.2.Halogens鹵素鹵素15.2.2.3.oxygen25.2.3.Basicityofoxides氧化物的酸堿性氧化物的酸堿性15.2.4.Propertiesofhydrides氫化物的性質(zhì)35.2.5.Othercompoundspropertiesoxidationstates35.3.Groups13–18Hydrogen5.3.1.

8、Binarymolecularcompoundsofhydrogen二元?dú)浠锒獨(dú)浠?.3.1.1.Fmulae15.3.1.2.AcidbasepropertiesofCH4NH3H2OH2S15.3.1.3.Otherproperties35.3.2.Pblockelementsp區(qū)元素區(qū)元素Group13(Bongroup)5.3.2.1Theoxidationstateofbon硼aluminium鋁intheiroxide

9、s氧化物氧化物chlides氯化物氯化物is315.3.2.2.Theacidbasepropertiesofaluminiumoxidehydroxide25.3.2.3.Reactionofbon(III)oxidewithwater35.3.2.4.Reactionofbon(III)chlidewithwater35.3.2.5.Othercompoundspropertiesoxidationstates35.3.3.Grou

10、p14(Carbongroup)5.3.3.1.TheoxidationstateofSiinitschlideoxideis415.3.3.2.The24oxidationstatesofcarbontin錫lead鉛theacidbaseredox氧化氧化還原還原propertiesoftheoxideschlides25.3.3.3.Othercompoundspropertiesoxidationstates35.3.4.Gro

11、up15(Nitrogengroup)5.3.4.1.Phosphus磷(5)oxidechlidetheirreactionwithwater25.3.4.2.Phosphus(3)oxidechlidetheirreactionwithwater25.3.4.3.Oxidesofnitrogena.ReactionofNOtofmNO21b.Dimerization二聚二聚ofNO21c.ReactionofNO2withwater