[教育]英美文學(xué)欣賞資料-dubl

1、Dubliners《都柏林人》by James Joyce,Group members：張思琦 徐化朗石磊楊潔慧杜婷婷,,,Biographical introduction,Irish novelist and poet . One of the most innovative novelists of the 20th century & one of the great masters of“the stre

2、am of consciousness”. A leading modernist, and one of the greatest innovators in the English language. His literary achievements and creativity are influential even today,1882-1941,James Joyce was born and educate

3、d in Ireland and spent most of his adult life in Europe, mainly in France, Italy and Switzerland. In 1900, Published a review of Ibsen's 《When We Dead Awaken》 in the《 London Fortnightly Review》, which led to corres

4、pondence with Ibsen.1907 Published his first book, Chamber Music, a collection of 36 poems. 1914 Published Dubliners , a collection of 15 short stories that starts his lifelong preoccupation with Dublin life. Araby

5、is one of the 15 stories. 1916 Published A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, which makes use of the stream-of-consciousness narrative style.,1922 Published Ulysses, a novel whose story of a day in the life of Leop

6、old Bloom elevated its author to international renown 1939 Published his last novel, Finnegans Wake, a novel whose lackluster reception in the literary world left Joyce deeply disappointed 1940 Moved from Paris to Zu

7、rich, where he spent the remainder of his life,Main works,Chamber Music(poems, 1907) Dubliners(short-story collection, 1914) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (novel, 1916) Exiles (play, 1918) Ulysses (novel, 1

8、922) Pomes Penyeach (poems, 1927) Collected Poems (poems, 1936) Finnegans Wake (novel, 1939) The Cat and the Devil (a children's book, 1936),Writing style,,Stream of conciousness(意識(shí)流)SymbolismEpiphany(頓悟）Paral

9、lel with Greek mythology,,Stream of consciousness,In literary criticism, stream of consciousness denotes a literary technique which seeks to describe an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of

10、the character's thought processes. Stream-of-consciousness writing is strongly associated with the modernist movementIn stream of consciousness, an author portrays a character’s continuing “stream” of thoughts as th

11、ey occur, regardless of whether they make sense or whether the next thought in a sequence relates to the previous thought. These thought portrayals expose a character’s memories, fantasies, apprehensions, fixations, ambi

12、tions, rational and irrational ideas, and so on. Novels in which stream of consciousness plays an important role include James Joyce's Ulysses (1922), William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury (1929), and Virgi

13、nia Woolf's The Waves (1931). James Joyce is the most outstanding stream-of-consciousness novelist,《Dubliners》,Writing BackgroundThe stories were written when Irish nationalism was at its peak. At the crossroads o

14、f history and culture, Ireland was jolted by various converging ideas and influences. Meanwhile, the Irish were confused about their national identity.,Dubliners is a collection of 15 short stories first published in 191

15、4. The stories are a naturalistic depiction of Irish middle class life in and around Dublin in the early years of the 20th century.Joyce had once explicitly pointed out that, "my writing purpose is to compose a mo

16、ral history for my motherland and I chose Dublin as the background, because I feel that the city is a paralysed center.",The Sisters《姐妹們》An Encounter《偶遇 》Araby《阿拉比》Eveline《伊夫琳》After the Race《車賽之后》Two Gallants《兩

17、個(gè)浪子》The Boarding House 《寄宿公寓》A Little Cloud《一朵浮云》,Counterparts 《無獨(dú)有偶》Clay《粘土 》A Painful Case《痛心的往事》Ivy Day in the Committee Room 《會(huì)議室里的常春藤日》A Mother《一位母親》Grace《圣恩 》The Dead 《死者》,15 short stories,Features,,I

18、n a sense, each story shows the "cute, dirty Dublin" and a spiritual paralysed city. Every story is a drama about a soul's frustration and failure. All story together show the moral falling in the whole pro

19、cess of the death.Joyce in this collection creats all kinds of characters; adolescent boys, middle-aged alcoholic, the government's small staff, university lecturer, laundry room of women, young businessman. Most c

20、haracters are belong to lower class. Their common characteristic is dificiency in public obligation and private life.,Ex:Araby,Araby is one of three of the so-called "childhood" stories in Dubliners (the other

21、 two are "The Sisters" and "An Encounter"). A young boy falls in love with his neighbor’s sister. He spends his time watching her from his house or thinking about her. He and the girl finally talk, a

22、nd she suggests that he visit a bazaar called Araby, which she cannot attend. The boy plans to go and purchase something for the girl, but he arrives late and buys nothing.,Epiphany,An epiphany is a moment when the essen

23、ce of a character is revealed , when all the forces that bear on his life converge, and we can, in that instant, understand him. "Araby" follows this pattern. The meaning is revealed in a young boy's psych

24、ic journey from first love to despair and disappointment,Symbolism,Central Symbol ---- Church,"two men counting money on a salver" a symbol of the money lenders in the temple. He allows the pennies to fall i

25、n his pocket. The lights in the hall go out; his "church" is in darkness. He has discovered in his Church and in love (both traditional symbols of ineffably sacred loveliness) only a shoddy imitation of tru

26、e beauty.,Point of View,Although James Joyce's story "Araby" is told from the first per-son viewpoint of its young protagonist, we do not receive the impression that a boy tells the story. Instead, the nar

27、rator seems to be a man matured well beyond the experience of the story. The mature man reminiscences about his youthful hopes, desires, and frustrations.,Major Themes: Dubliners,Poverty and Class Differences: Colonizat

28、ion and Irish Politics: Defeat, Powerlessness, Imprisonment, and Paralysis: Longing for Escape Isolation:,The Stages of Life: Dubliners is roughly organized into a framework chronicling a human life: we begin with

29、younger protagonists, and then move forward into stories with increasingly aged men and women. Although this is a broad generalization, the stories also tend to increase in complexity. "Araby," for example, is

30、fairly simple and short . "The Dead," the final tale of the collection, is nearly three times as long as the average story in Dubliners. Joyce's portrait of Dublin life moves not only across a small range o