2008年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

1、 2008 年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題 1 2008 年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The

2、 idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 大1家 to say it anyway. He is that 大2家 bird, a scientist who works inde

3、pendently 大3家 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 大4家 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested. 大5家 he, h

4、owever, might tremble at the 大6家 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 大7家 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains

5、 the process that has brought this about. The group in 大8家 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 大9家 12-15 points above the 大

6、10家 value of 100, and have contributed 大11家 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 大12家 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 大13家 . They also suffer more often than most peo

7、ple from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 大14家 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 大15家 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 大16家 education.

8、The latter was seen as a (an) 大17家 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 大18家 . His argument is that the unusual history of 2008 年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題 3 20. [A] parad

9、oxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answer

10、s on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. ―Women are particularly susceptible to developing

11、 depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,‖ according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that se

12、x hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had t

13、heir ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males. Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased ―opportunities‖ for stress. ―I

14、t’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,‖ says Dr. Yehuda. ―Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,‖ she observes, ―it’s just tha

15、t they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.‖ Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. ―I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to te

16、nd to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to

17、tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.‖ Adel

18、ine Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. ―I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and ge

19、t ahead and do better.‖ Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. ―It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paychec

20、k to paycheck.‖ Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience de