國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)英文版參考答案

1、Chapter1I.YES，Pleaserefertothe1stparagraphofthetext.II.流動(dòng)性過剩自給自足經(jīng)濟(jì)資源直接投資國(guó)際收支易貨交易出口退稅傾銷出口型經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)東道國(guó)貿(mào)易差額貿(mào)易順差／貿(mào)易逆差歐盟國(guó)際收支順差／國(guó)際收支逆差有形貿(mào)易無形貿(mào)易貨物貿(mào)易服務(wù)貿(mào)易excessliquidityselfsufficienteconomicresourcesdirectinvestmentbalanceofpaymentsb

2、arterexpttaxrebatedumpingexptdriveneconomicgrowthhostcountrybalanceoftradefavableunfavablebalanceoftradeEuropeanUnionfavableunfavablebalanceofpaymentsvisibletradeinvisibletradetradeingoodstradeinservicesIIIThetaboveshows

3、theU.S.imptsfromChinaU.S.exptstoChinathetradebalance.TheU.S.hasanegativetradebalancewithChinaithasbeengrowing.Duringtheperiodfrom1997to2003imptsfromChinahavegrown244%whileexptstoChinahavegrown221%indicatingthatthetradede

4、ficitisincreasing.TherehadalreadybeenasizeabletradebalancedeficitwithChinain1996totaling$39.5billionattheendoftheyear.IV1.Exptgoodsaretangiblegoodssentoutofcountries.2.Tradeinservicesareinternationalearningsotherthanthos

5、ederivedfromtheexptingimptingoftangiblegoods.3.Imptgoodsaretangiblegoodsbroughtin.4.Internationaltradeisallbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwomecountries.5.FDIisonethatgivestheinvestacontrollinginterestinafeigncompany.6.I

6、nvestmentisusedprimarilyasfinancialmeansfacompanytoearnmemoneyonitsmoneywithrelativesafety.V1.Internationaltradeisthefairdeliberateexchangeofgoodsservicesacrossnationalboundaries.Itconcernstradeoperationsofbothimptexptin

7、cludesthepurchasesaleofbothvisibleinvisiblegoods.2.Intodayscomplexeconomicwldneitherindividualsnnationsareselfsufficient.Nationsparticipateintheinternationaltradefmanyreasons.Astotheeconomicreasonsnonationhasalloftheecon

8、omicresources(llabcapital)thatitneedstodevelopitseconomyculturenocountryenjoysaparticularitemsufficientenoughtomeetitsneeds.Asfthepreferencereasonsinternationaltradetakesplacebecauseofinnovationofstyle.Besideseverynation

9、canspecializeinacertainfieldenjoyacomparativeadvantageinsomeparticularareaintermsoftradesothattheyneedtodobusinesswitheachothertomakeuseofresourcesmeefficientlyeffectively.3.Inmeasuringtheeffectivenessofglobaltradenation

10、scarefullyfollowtwokeyindicatsnamelybalanceoftradebalanceofpayments.4.FDItheabbreviationfmFeignDirectInvestmentmeansbuyingofpermanentpropertybusinessinfeignnations.Itoccurswhenacquisitionofequityinterestinafeigncompanyis

11、trade.ThegreatsignificanceofFDIfChinamightbethat:FDIsolvetheproblemofcapitalshtagefChinasothatChinamayspendthemoneyonimptingadvancedequipmenttechetitivelyproduceddomesticgoodswillgainarelativepriceadvantage.Chapter3IAPEC

12、AsiapacificEconomicCooperationFTAAPFreeTradeAgreementofAsiathePacificEUEuropeanUnionNAFTANthAmericanFreeTradeAgreementMERCOSURMercadoComunDelConoSurSouthernCommonMarketASEANAssociationofSoutheastAsianNationsEFTAEuropeanF

13、reeTradeAreaAFTAASEANFreeTradeAreaPTAsPreferentialTradeagreementsIITradebloc貿(mào)易集團(tuán)Tradeblock貿(mào)易禁運(yùn)封鎖Openregionalism開放式區(qū)域主義Freetradearea自由貿(mào)易區(qū)Customsunion關(guān)稅聯(lián)盟Commonmarket共同市場(chǎng)Economicunion經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)盟Tradeembargoes貿(mào)易禁運(yùn)Boycotts抵制歧視性關(guān)稅di

14、scriminatytariffs經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁economicsanction貿(mào)易彈性tradeelasticity雙邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定bilateraltradeagreement最惠國(guó)mostfavednationChapter4I.GATTGeneralAgreementonTariffsTradeHODHeadsofDelegationsTRIPsTraderelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights

15、GATSGeneralAgreementonTradeinServicesTRIMsTradeRelatedInvestmentMeasuresMFNMostFavedNationsII.施惠國(guó)Patronagenations受惠國(guó)Favednations締約國(guó)ContractingParties市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入marketaccess透明度transparency緊急進(jìn)口措施UrgentImptingMeasures爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制dispute

16、settlementmechanism可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment特許經(jīng)營(yíng)franchiseIII.1.UntilnowWTOhasalreadyhad150membersitstradevolumecovers90%ofthetotaltradevolumeinthewholewld.2.TopmostofWTOistheMinisterialConferencewhichhastomeetatleaston

17、ceeverytwoyears.UndertheMinisterialConferenceistheGeneralCouncilthathastomeetatGenevaregularly.3.TheWTOSecretariatwhichofficesonlyinGenevaSwizerlhasaround550regularstuffisheadedbyaDirectGeneral.SincedecisionsaremadebyMem

18、bersonlytheSecretariathasnodecisionmakingpowersastheotherinternationalinstitutions.4.TheSecretariatprovidessomefmoflegalassistanceinthedisputesettlementprocessadvisesgovernmentswishingtobecomeMembersoftheWTO.Chapter5IFOB