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1、孫子兵法(中英對(duì)照)孫子兵法TheArtofWar孫武BySunTzuTranslatedbyLionelGiles始計(jì)第一LayingPlans孫子曰:兵者,國(guó)之大事,死生之地,存亡之道,不可不察也。SunTzusaid:TheartofwarisofvitalimptancetotheState.Itisamatteroflifedeatharoadeithertosafetytoruin.Henceitisasubjectofin
2、quirywhichcanonnoaccountbeneglected.故經(jīng)之以五事,校之以計(jì),而索其情:一曰道,二曰天,三曰地,四曰將,五曰法。Theartofwarthenisgovernedbyfiveconstantfactstobetakenintoaccountinonesdeliberationswhenseekingtodeterminetheconditionsobtaininginthefield.Theseare:
3、(1)TheMalLaw(2)Heaven(3)Earth(4)TheCommer(5)Methoddiscipline.道者,令民于上同意,可與之死,可與之生,而不危也;TheMalLawcausesthepeopletobeincompleteaccdwiththeirrulersothattheywillfollowhimregardlessoftheirlivesundismayedbyanydanger.天者,陰陽(yáng)、寒暑、時(shí)制
4、也;Heavensignifiesnightdaycoldheattimesseasons.地者,遠(yuǎn)近、險(xiǎn)易、廣狹、死生也;Earthcomprisesdistancesgreatsmalldangersecurityopengroundnarrowpassesthechancesoflifedeath.將者,智、信、仁、勇、嚴(yán)也;TheCommerstsfthevirtuesofwisdomsincerelybenevolenceco
5、uragestrictness.法者,曲制、官道、主用也。Bymethoddisciplinearetobeunderstoodthemarshalingofthearmyinitspropersubdivisionsthegraduationsofrankamongtheofficersthemaintenanceofroadsbywhichsuppliesmayreachthearmythecontrolofmilitaryexpe
6、nditure.凡此五者,將莫不聞,知之者勝,不知之者不勝。佚而勞之,親而離之,Ifheistakinghiseasegivehimnorest.Ifhisfcesareunitedseparatethem.攻其無(wú)備,出其不意。Attackhimwhereheisunpreparedappearwhereyouarenotexpected.此兵家之勝,不可先傳也。Thesemilitarydevicesleadingtovictymus
7、tnotbedivulgedbefeh.夫未戰(zhàn)而廟算勝者,得算多也;未戰(zhàn)而廟算不勝者,得算少也。多算勝少算,而況于無(wú)算乎!吾以此觀之,勝負(fù)見(jiàn)矣。Nowthegeneralwhowinsabattlemakesmanycalculationsinhistemplewherethebattleisfought.Thegeneralwholosesabattlemakesbutfewcalculationsbefeh.Thusdomanyca
8、lculationsleadtovictyfewcalculationstodefeat:howmuchmenocalculationatall!ItisbyattentiontothispointthatIcanfeseewhoislikelytowinlose.作戰(zhàn)第二II.WagingWar孫子曰:凡用兵之法,馳車千駟,革車千乘,帶甲十萬(wàn),千里饋糧。則內(nèi)外之費(fèi),賓客之用,膠漆之材,車甲之奉,日費(fèi)千金,然后十萬(wàn)之師舉矣。SunTzu
9、said:Intheoperationsofwarwherethereareinthefieldathousswiftiotsasmanyheavyiotsahundredthousmailcladsoldierswithprovisionsenoughtocarrythemathouslitheexpenditureathomeatthefrontincludingentertainmentofguestssmallitemssuch
10、asgluepaintsumsspentoniotsarmwillreachthetotalofathousouncesofsilverperday.Suchisthecostofraisinganarmyof100000men.其用戰(zhàn)也,勝久則鈍兵挫銳,攻城則力屈,Whenyouengageinactualfightingifvictyislongincomingthenmensweaponswillgrowdulltheirardw
11、illbedamped.Ifyoulaysiegetoatownyouwillexhaustyourstrength.久暴師則國(guó)用不足。AgainifthecampaignisprotractedtheresourcesoftheStatewillnotbeequaltothestrain.夫鈍兵挫銳,屈力殫貨,則諸侯乘其弊而起,雖有智者不能善其后矣。Nowwhenyourweaponsaredulledyourarddampedyou
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