新人教版選修六 unit 1 art grammar[語(yǔ)法課件]

1、《高中英語(yǔ)》選修（模塊）6-1.4,2024/3/28,虛擬語(yǔ)氣Subjunctive Mood (I),GRAMMER 語(yǔ)法,陳述語(yǔ)氣I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadn’t come back home yet.祈使語(yǔ)氣Let’s go.Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一. 語(yǔ)氣的分類,虛擬

2、語(yǔ)氣If I were you,I would not leave her alone.Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon.,2024/3/28,條件句表示主句的條件,分真實(shí)條件句 和虛擬條件句 兩種。,a. 真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用陳述語(yǔ)氣。b. 虛擬條件句 表示條件是無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,二.

3、 ‘if ’虛擬條件句的概念,由 ‘if’ 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句叫作 ‘if’虛擬條件句I could easily recognize if I had seen him before.其他虛擬條件句Without your help, I couldn’t have finished my work on time.,三. if Sentence Structure

4、 ‘if ’虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu),a. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè)b. 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè)c. 表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè),1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句中(1) 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè), 條件 狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“過(guò)去式(be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式用were)”, 而主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“would / should/ could / might + 動(dòng)詞原形”。,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,If I were a boy, I wo

5、uld join the army.,What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I would…,If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,If I had a lot of money,,I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now,

6、 I would travel around the world.,If it were fine now,,I would go shopping.,a. If they ____ (be) here, they __________ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _____ (burst) out again, what _____________ (happen) t

7、o our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman ________ (be not) in that room, it ________ (be) very dangerous.d. If I ____ (be) in your position, I ______

8、___ (ask) for teacher’s help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,,2. 與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語(yǔ)用had＋過(guò)去分詞, 構(gòu)成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋過(guò)去分詞的形式；主句的謂語(yǔ)用should(第一人稱)/would (第二、三人稱) /could/might have ＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。,If he __________ more caref

9、ully, he _________________ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I ________ how to swim,,I __________________ trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a. If Tom ________ (be) more car

10、eful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blan

11、ks.,c. If I _______ (meet) you yesterday, we ______________ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語(yǔ)用If I (we, you, he, they) ＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句謂語(yǔ)用should(第一人稱) /would (第二、

12、三人稱) /could/ might ＋動(dòng)詞原形。,If he got up early,,he would be on time.,假如他來(lái)了, 我們對(duì)他說(shuō)什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看見我, 就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,a. If there ________ (be) no natur

13、al resource any more, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3: Fill in the b

14、lanks,c. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship.,were to control,would be,主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間, 這時(shí)主從句位于動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同, 這叫做混合條件句。 例句中從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反, 主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 If you had a

15、sked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the staff had been more careful,,the mall would not be on fire now.,,過(guò)去時(shí)(were),would/could/should/might +V. (原),虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。,過(guò)去完成時(shí),would/could/should/might + have

16、+ p.p.,1.過(guò)去時(shí)2.should+V.3. were to do,would/could/ should/ might +V. (原),二. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法,1. 在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中, 表示與現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反, 或?qū)?lái)的主觀愿望, 從句通常省略連詞that。,1) 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬: 從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式 (be動(dòng)詞一般用were) 。,I wish I were as tall a

17、s you.,,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.,(2) 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”。,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.,(3) 表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望: 從句

18、動(dòng)詞形式為 “ would＋動(dòng)詞原形”。,注意: 主句的主語(yǔ)與從句的主要不能相同, 因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Z(yǔ)所期望的從句動(dòng)作能否實(shí)現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語(yǔ)的態(tài)度或意愿(非動(dòng)物名詞除外)。但愿你立刻來(lái)。I wish you would come soon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,as if/as though,由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)

19、從句表示比較或方式時(shí), 從句謂語(yǔ)形式為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be用were)或 “had＋過(guò)去分詞”。,He behaves as if he owned the house.,(But he doesn’t own it or probably doesn’t own it or we don’t know whether he owns it or not.),She talks about Rome as though she had b

20、een there himself.,他那樣對(duì)待我, 好像我式陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a stranger.,注意: 如果表示的事情可能會(huì)發(fā)生, 那么方式狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。,Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.,關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣 辯析1,關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣 辯析2,關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣 辯析3,關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣 辯析4,關(guān)于虛擬

21、語(yǔ)氣 辯析5,句型練習(xí) (用If I were you句型翻譯下列句子),1. 我要是你的話, 我就會(huì)把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好。2. 如果你昨天來(lái), 你就會(huì)看見他。3. 萬(wàn)一明天下雨, 我們就不到那兒去。4. 我希望我十年前認(rèn)識(shí)他。5. 他對(duì)待我就像對(duì)待他自己的兒子一樣。,Homework,關(guān)于陳述語(yǔ)氣 1,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rai

22、ns tomorrow.,關(guān)于陳述語(yǔ)氣 2,關(guān)于祈使語(yǔ)氣 1,關(guān)于祈使語(yǔ)氣 2,關(guān)于祈使語(yǔ)氣 3,關(guān)于祈使語(yǔ)氣 4,真實(shí)條件句  真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語(yǔ)氣, 假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生, 其中 if 是如果的意思。,時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系句型: 條件從句　　 主句　　 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.,The volleyball match

23、will be put off if it ___. A. will rain　 B. rains C. rained D. is rained,答案B 真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí), 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,注意：在真實(shí)條件句中,主句不能用be going to表示將來(lái),該用shall, will. (錯(cuò)) If you leave now, you are never going to r