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1、FiveBasicMachiningTechniques1Thefivebasictechniquesofmachiningmetalincludedrillingbingturningplaningmillinggrinding.Variationsofthefivebasictechniquesareemployedtomeetspecialsituations.2Drillingconsistsofcuttingaroundhol

2、ebymeansofrotatingdrillontheotherhinvolvesthefinishingofaholealreadydrilledcedbymeansofarotatingoffsetsinglepointtool.Onsomebingmachinesthetoolisstationarythewkrevolvesonothersthereverseistrue.3Thelatheastheturningmachin

3、eiscommonlycalledisthefatherofallmachinetools.Thepieceofmetaltobemachinedisrotatedthecuttingtoolisadvancedagainstit.Wewilldiscussthestructurefunctionsoflatheinlaterparagraphsofthisarticle.4Planingmetalwithamachinetoolisa

4、processsimilartoplaningwoodwithahplane.Theessentialdifferenceliesinthefactthatthecuttingtoolremainsinafixedpositionwhilethewkismovedbackfthbeneathit.Planersareusually7TheLathe：Thelatheisoneofthemostusefulversatilemachine

5、sinthewkshopiscapableofcarryingoutawidevarietyofmachiningoperations.Themaincomponentsofthelathearetheheadstocktailstockatoppositeendsofabedatoolpostbetweenthemwhichholdsthecuttingtool.Thetoolpoststsonacrossslidewhichenab

6、lesittomovesidewardsacrossthesaddlecarriageaswellasalongitdependingonthekindofjobitisdoing.Thedinarycentrelathecanaccommodateonlyonetoolatatimeonthetoolpostbutaturretlatheiscapableofholdingfivemetoolsontherevolvingturret

7、.Thelathebedmustbeverysolidtopreventthemachinefrombendingtwistingunderstress.8Theheadstockincpatesthedrivinggearmechanismaspindlewhichholdsthewkpiececausesittorotateataspeedwhichdependslargelyonthediameterofthewkpiece.Ab

8、aroflargediametershouldnaturallyrotatemeslowlythanaverythinbarthecuttingspeedofthetooliswhatmatters.Taperedcentersinthehollownoseofthespindleofthetailstockholdthewkfirmlybetweenthem.9Afeedshaftfromtheheadstockdrivestheto

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