2016年華南理工大學(xué)研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課真題626_英語(yǔ)綜合水平測(cè)試

1、第1頁(yè)626華南理工大學(xué)2016年攻讀碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試試卷（試卷上做答無(wú)效，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上做答，試后本卷必須與答題紙一同交回）科目名稱：英語(yǔ)綜合水平測(cè)試適用專業(yè)：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)，外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)共頁(yè)P(yáng)art1ReadingComprehension(60marks2markseach)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagesmakeONEchoicethatbestcompleteanswereac

2、hofthestatementsquestionsafterthepassages.Passage1Fallisstaggeringinrightonschedulewithitsbaggageofchillynightsspectacularheartstoppinglybeautifulleaves.PeoplewilltravelupdowntheEastCoastjusttostareatit–awholeseasonoflea

3、ves.WheredothecolscomefromSunlightrulesmostlivingthingswithitsgoldenedicts.Whenthedaysbegintoshtenatreereconsidersitsleaves.Allsummeritfeedsthemsotheycanprocesssunlightbutinthedogdaysofsummerthetreebeginspullingnutrients

4、backintoitstrunkrootsreducesgraduallychokesoffitsleaves.Adrylayerofcellsfmsattheleaves’slenderstemsthenscarsover.Undernourishedtheleavesstopproducingthepigmentchlophyllphotosynthesisceases.Animalscanmigratehibernatestefo

5、odtopreparefwinter.ButwherecanatreegoItsurvivesbypingitsleavesbytheendofautumnonlyafewfragilethreadsoffluidcarryingxylemholdleavestotheirstems.Aturningleafstayspartlygreenatfirstthenrevealsspotsofyellowredasthechlophyllg

6、raduallybreaksdown.Darkgreenseemstostaylongestintheveins.Duringthesummerchlophylldissolvesintheheatlightbutitisalsobeingsteadilyreplaced.Inthefallontheotherhnonewpigmentisproducedsowenoticetheothercolsthatwerealwaysthere

7、rightintheleafalthoughchlophyll’sshockinggreenhidthemfromview.Withtheircamouflagegoneweseethesecolsfthefirsttimeallyearbuttheywerealwaystherehiddenlikeavividsecretbeneaththehotglowinggreensofsummer.Anoddfeatureofthecolsi

8、sthattheydon’tseemtohaveanyspecialpurpose.Animalsflowerscolfareason–adaptationtotheirenvironment–butthereisnoadaptivereasonfleavestocolsobeautifullyinthefallanymethanthereisftheskyoceantobeblue.It’sjustoneofthehaphazardm

9、arvelstheplapresentseveryyear.Wefindthesizzlingcolsthrillinginasensetheycheatus.Coledlikeliving第3頁(yè)fossilfuelsiscentraltoourenergyeconomy.Vehiclescouldusehydrogeninavarietyofways.Someresearchersfavtheintroductionofelectri

10、ccarspoweredsolelybyfuelcellswhichcombinehydrogenoxygentoproduceelectricity.Otherssaythatconventionalcarenginescanbeconvertedtorunonhydrogenwithrelativelyminmodifications.Expertsarealsosplitoverwhetherasatemparysteptowar

11、dsafullhydrogeneconomyvehiclesshouldinitiallyuseonboardequipmenttoextracthydrogenfromfossilfuels.Infrastructureissuesplayabigroleinthedebateoverwhichapproachshouldbetaken.Thelackofanexistingsystemfstingdistributinghydrog

12、enpresentsadilemma.Carmanufacturersdonotwanttosellvehiclesthatpeoplecannotfuelenergycompaniesdonotwanttospendmoneydevelopingahydrogendistributioninfrastructurewhentherearenohydrogencarsontheroad.Theequationbecomesmecompl

13、icatedwithfuelcellsbecausetheyhaveyettobeproducedinlargenumberstheirlongtermreliabilityhasnotbeenproven.Thisdeadlockcouldbebrokenby“refmers”whichwouldallowhydrogencarstorunonfossilfuels.Refmerscanbreakdownthehydrocarbons

14、infossilfuelssoliberatehydrogen.Naturalgasfexamplecanberefmedbyheatingittogetherwithwateranickelbasedcatalyst.Theresultisaseriesofreactionswhoseproductsarecarbondioxidehydrogen.Otherfossilfuelsincludingpetrolgasolinecanb

15、erefmedinasimilarway.Hydrogencarsfittedwithrefmerswouldstillrunonpetrolbutwouldrefmitintohydrogen.Advocatesofthetechnologysaythatthiswouldgivecarcompaniestheconfidencetoproducethevehiclessoprovideafreshimpetusffuelcellde

16、velopment.SeveralcarmanufacturersincludingGeneralMotsDaimlerChryslerarenowwkingwithBallardPowerSystemsafuelcellproducerbasedinBurnabynearVancouvertodevelopvehiclesthatarepoweredbyfuelcellsfedbyrefmers.Butrefmersstillprod

17、ucecarbondioxidefmanyenvironmentaliststhisisenoughtorulethemout.Inadditionithastobetakenintoaccountthathydrogenvehicleswithrefmersarealsotechnologicallymecomplexcostlytobuildthanstraightfuelcellcars.6.Inthisarticlewhatis