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1、附錄一外文文獻(xiàn)wkDifferentialGPS:KinematicPositioningwithNASA’sInterbasedGlobalDifferentialGPSM.O.KechineC.C.J.M.TiberiusH.vanderMarelDelftInstituteofEarthObservationSpaceSystemsDelftUniversityofTechnologyKluyverweg12629HSDelftT

2、heherlsAbstractRecentdevelopmentsinpreciseGPSpositioninghaveconcentratedontheenhancementoftheGPSwkarchitecturetowardstheprocessingofdatafrompermanentreferencestationsinrealtimetheextensionoftheDGPSserviceareatothecontine

3、ntalglobalscale.ThelatestGlobalDifferentialGPSasintroducedbyJPLallowsfseamlesspositioningavailableacrossthewld.Thiscontributionpresentstheresultsofanindependentexperimentalverificationofdecimeterkinematicpositioningaccur

4、acywithNASA’sGlobalDGPSsystem.Thisverificationwascarriedoutintheherlsbymeansofbothastaticakinematictest.Thestarddeviationsofindividualrealtimepositionswereabout10cmfthehizontalcomponentsabout20cmftheverticalcomponent.The

5、latencyoftheglobalcrectiveinfmationinthekinematictestwasgenerally7to8secondsmethan99%oftheglobalcrectionswereavailablewiththenominal1secondinterval.Theseresultsconfirmthatsinglereceiverkinematicpositioningwithdecimeterac

6、curacyisachievablebyusingfacilitiesprovidedbytheGDGPSsystem.Keywds:wkDifferentialGPSIGDGkinematicpositioningrealtimedmaccuracy1.Introduction1.1RecenttrendsdevelopmentsinprecisepositioningRelativepositioningwithGPSDiffere

7、ntialGPS(DGPS)bothinvolvethepositioningofasecondreceiverwithrespecttoareferencestation.Asbothstationsintroducedintheearly1970sfmedetailsrefertothekeyarticlebyZumbergeetal.(1997).PrecisePointPositioningutilizesfixedprecis

8、esatelliteclockbitsolutionsfsinglereceiverpositioning.Thisisakeytostaloneprecisegeodeticpointpositioningwithcmlevelprecision.OverthepastseveralyearsthequalityoftheRapidIGSsatelliteclockbitproductshasimprovedtothecmlevel.

9、TodaytheIGSRapidserviceprovidesthesatelliteclockbitsolutionswithinonedaywithalmostthesameprecisionastheprecisefinalIGSsolutions(IGS2004).Agoodagreementbetweensatelliteclockerrestimatesproducedby7AnalysisCenters(AC)contri

10、butingtotheIGSisreached.Theseestimatesagreewithin0.1–0.2ns3–6cm.CurrentlyIGSbitswithafewdecimeterprecisioncanbemadeavailablein(near)realtime.Ultrarapidpredictedephemeridesareavailabletwiceeachday(at03:0015:00UT)cover48ho

11、urs.Thefirst27hoursarebasedonobservationsthesecondpartgivesapredictedbit.ItallowsonetoobtainhighprecisionpositioningresultsinthefieldusingtheIGSproducts.1.4DisseminationofcrectiveinfmationTraditionallyDGPScrectionsarebro

12、adcastoveraradiolinkfromreferencereceivertorover.WithIGDGcrectionsaredisseminatedovertheopenInter.Theusercanaccesstheverymodestcrectiondatastreamusinga(direct)permanentwkconnectionoverthepublicswitchedtelephonewk(PSTN)po

13、ssiblyusinganAsynchroneDigitalSubscriberLine(ADSL).Famovinguseraccessispossibleusingmobile(data)communicationbycellularphone(possiblyGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)theUniversalMobileTelecommunicationSystem(UMTS)infuture)

14、satellitephone.FcommercialusethreeInmarsatgeosynchronouscommunicationsatellitesareutilizedtorelaythecrectionmessagesontheirLbglobalbeams.Thethreesatellites(at100?W(Americas)25?E(Africa)100?E(AsiaPacific))provideglobalcov

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