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1、Designation:G128G128M?15StardGuidefControlofHazardsRisksinOxygenEnrichedSystems1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG128G128Mthenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptioninthecaseofrevi

2、siontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1ThisguidecoversanoverviewofthewkofASTMCommitteeG04onCompatibi

3、litySensitivityofMaterialsinOxygenEnrichedAtmospheres.Itisastartingpointfthoseaskingthequestion:“Whataretherisksassociatedwithmyuseofoxygen”Thisguideisanintroductiontotheuniqueconcernsthatmustbeaddressedinthehlingofoxyge

4、n.Theprincipalhazardistheprospectofignitionwithresultantfireexplosionboth.Allfluidsystemsrequiredesignconsiderationssuchasadequatestrengthcrosionresistancefatigueresistancepressuresafetyrelief.Inadditiontothesedesigncons

5、iderationsonemustalsoconsidertheignitionmechanismsthatarespecifictoanoxygenenrichedsystem.Thisguideoutlinestheseignitionmechanismstheapproachtoreducingtherisks.1.2Thisguidealsolistsseveraloftherecognizedcausesofoxygensys

6、temfiresdescribesthemethodsavailabletopreventthem.Sourcesofinfmationabouttheoxygenhazarditscontrolarelistedsummarized.TheprincipalfocusisonGuidesG63G88PracticeG93GuideG94.Usefuldocumentationfromotherresourcesliteratureis

7、alsocited.NOTE1—Thisguideisanoutgrowthofanearlier(1988)CommitteeG04videotapeadjunctentitledOxygenSafetyarelatedpaperbyKoch2thatfocusedontherecognizedignitionsourceofadiabaticcompressionasoneofthemesignificantbutoftenover

8、lookedcausesofoxygenfires.Thisguiderecapitulatesupdatesmaterialinthevideotapepaper.1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsinchpoundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalentstheref

9、eeachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconfmancewiththestard.1.4Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityofth

10、euserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticesdeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatylimitationspritouse.FspecificprecautionarystatementsseeSections811.NOTE2—ASTMtakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanyevaluati

11、onmethodsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisguide.Usersofthisguideareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchevaluationmethodsdatatheriskofuseofsuchevaluationmethodsdataareentirelytheirownrespon

12、sibility.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:3D2512TestMethodfCompatibilityofMaterialswithLiquidOxygen(ImpactSensitivityThresholdPassFailTechniques)D2863TestMethodfMeasuringtheMinimumOxygenConcentrationtoSupptCleLikeCombu

13、stionofPlastics(OxygenIndex)D4809TestMethodfHeatofCombustionofLiquidHydrocarbonFuelsbyBombCalimeter(PrecisionMethod)G63GuidefEvaluatingNonmetallicMaterialsfOxygenServiceG72TestMethodfAutogenousIgnitionTemperatureofLiquid

14、sSolidsinaHighPressureOxygenEnrichedEnvironmentG74TestMethodfIgnitionSensitivityofNonmetallicMaterialsComponentsbyGaseousFluidImpactG86TestMethodfDeterminingIgnitionSensitivityofMaterialstoMechanicalImpactinAmbientLiquid

15、OxygenPressurizedLiquidGaseousOxygenEnvironmentsG88GuidefDesigningSystemsfOxygenServiceG93PracticefCleaningMethodsCleanlinessLevelsfMaterialEquipmentUsedinOxygenEnrichedEnvironmentsG94GuidefEvaluatingMetalsfOxygenService

16、G124TestMethodfDeterminingtheCombustionBehaviofMetallicMaterialsinOxygenEnrichedAtmospheres1ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeG04onCompatibilitySensitivityofMaterialsinOxygenEnrichedAtmospheresisthedirectresp

17、onsibilityofSubcommitteeG04.02onRecommendedPractices.CurrenteditionapprovedOct.12015.PublishedNovember2015.iginallyapprovedin1995.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asG128–02(2008).DOI:10.1520G0128_G0128M15.2KochU.H.“Oxyge

18、nSystemSafety”FlammabilitySensitivityofMaterialsInOxygenEnrichedAtmospheresVol6ASTMSTP1197ASTM1993pp.349–359.3FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMStardsvolumein

19、fmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates1heredonotpurpttocontainalltheinfmationneededtodesignoperateanoxygen

20、enrichedsystemsafely.Thecontrolofoxygenhazardshasnotbeenreducedtohbookproceduresthetacticsfusingoxygenarenotsimple.Rathertheyrequiretheapplicationofsoundtechnicaljudgmentexperience.Oxygenusersshouldobtainassistancefromqu

21、alifiedtechnicalpersonneltodesignsystemsoperatingpracticesfthesafeuseofoxygenintheirspecificapplications.5.Summary5.1Oxygenitspracticalproductionusearereviewed.Therecognizedhazardsofoxygenaredescribed.Accepteddemonstrate

22、dmethodstoreducethosehazardsarereviewed.ApplicableASTMstardsfromCommitteeG04howthesestardsareusedtohelpmitigateoxygenenrichedsystemhazardsarediscussed.SimilarusefuldocumentsfromtheNationalFireProtectionAssociationtheComp

23、ressedGasAssociationtheEuropeanIndustrialGasAssociationalsoarecited.6.Oxygen6.1Oxygenisthemostabundantelementmakingup21%oftheairwebreathe55%oftheearth’scrust.Itsupptsplantanimallife.Oxygenalsosupptscombustioncausesironto

24、rustreactswithmostmetals.Pureoxygengasiscollessodlesstasteless.Liquidoxygenislightblueboilsat?183C[?297F]underambientpressure.6.2Oxygenhasmanycommercialuses.Fexampleitisusedinthemetalsindustryfsteelmakingflamecuttingweld

25、ing.Inthechemicalindustryitisusedfproductionofsyntheticgasgasolinemethanolammoniaaldehydesalcoholproductionnitricacidethyleneoxidepropyleneoxidemanyothers.Itisalsousedfoxygenenrichedfuelcombustionwastewatertreatment.Flif

26、esupptsystemsitisusedinhighaltitudeflightdeepseadivingclinicalrespiratytherapyanesthesiologyemergencymedicalfireservicerescues.7.ProductionDistribution7.1Mostoxygenisproducedcryogenicallybydistillingliquidair.Thedemfultr

27、ahighpuritywithinthesemiconductindustryhasledtoamethoughdistillationofcryogenicoxygen.Furthernoncryogenicproductionhasbecomesignificantinrecentyears.Theprincipaldifferenceamongthesesourcesofoxygenistheresultingoxygenpuri

28、tydetailedbelow.ThehazardsofoxygenareaffectedgreatlybypurityingeneralhigherpurityismehazardousHoweverfireeventscandooccurinanyoxygen–enrichedatmosphere.7.2CryogenicProduction—Cryogenicallyproducedoxygenisdistilledinafive

29、stepprocessinwhichairis:(1)filteredtoremoveparticles(2)compressedtoapproximately700kPa[100psig]pressure(3)driedtoremovewatervapcarbondioxide(4)cooledto?160C[?256F]toliquefyitpartially(5)distilledtoseparateeachcomponentga

30、s.Theendproductsareoxygennitrogeninertgasessuchasargonneontheprincipalsecondaryproductsarenitrogenargon.Commercialoxygenisproducedtoaminimum99.5%puritybuttypicaloxygenmarketedtodayismelikelytobenear99.9%purity.7.2.1Fhigh

31、volumebulkuserssuchassteelchemicalplantstheoxygenplantisoftenadjacenttotheuser’sfacilitygaseousoxygenisdeliveredbypipelineatlowtomediumpressuresusually700to5500kPa[100to800psig].7.2.2Cryogenicliquidoxygenisdeliveredbytra

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