高一英語(yǔ)五種基本句型及鞏固練習(xí)課件

1、1,英語(yǔ)基本句型及鞏固練習(xí)課件,2,五種基本句型與There be..,（１）主＋謂 They are working hard.（２）主＋謂＋賓 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.（３）主＋謂＋賓＋賓 He gave me a new bicycle .（４）主＋系＋表 He is a university student.（５）主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)

2、 Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. （ 6）There be + 主語(yǔ) There is a hole in the wall.,3,英語(yǔ)基本句型-1主謂結(jié)構(gòu),4,英語(yǔ)基本句型-1主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)加不及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成, 常用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作。如：The sun rises. Tom

3、 has already left. 主語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-定語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-狀語(yǔ)。,如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came

4、 back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.,5,(主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞)擴(kuò)展和修飾,The boy spoke to his teacher.The little boy spoke loudly to his teacher. The boy named Tom spo

5、ke to his math teacher in a low voice.The little boy called Tom spoke to his Chinese teacher.,6,,yesterday evening.,,two hours.,in the past ten years.,,in 1919.,1．她昨天回家很晚。,2．會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。,3．在過(guò)去的十年里，（在）我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。,4．191

6、9年，（在）北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。,She went home,very late,The meeting will last,Great changes have taken place,in my home town,The May Fourth Movement broke out,in Beijing,鞏固練習(xí)：,7,in the morning.,to borrow books.,to the south.,five ye

7、ars ago.,five kilos.,every day.,5．每天八時(shí)開(kāi)始上課。,6．這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。,7．五年前我住在北京。,8．秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。,9．我的爺爺早晨起得很早。,10. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書(shū)館來(lái)借書(shū)。,Classes begin,at eight,This box weighs,I lived,in Beijing,some birds fly,In autumn,,My grandfather get

8、s up,early,a lot of students come,Every afternoon,to the library,8,11.會(huì)議有可能開(kāi)兩個(gè)半小時(shí).12. 我所就讀的學(xué)校坐落在那個(gè)美麗的湖邊.13.她盼望已久的機(jī)會(huì)終于到來(lái)了.14. 正在睡覺(jué)的嬰兒笑了.,The meeting will last,two and a half hours.,The school,lies,where I study,by t

9、he beautiful lake.,The chance,came,which she wanted to get for a long time,at last.,The baby,smiles.,sleeping,9,英語(yǔ)基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),10,英語(yǔ)基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。 賓語(yǔ)成分的多樣化使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。,如：1. Tom made a ho

10、le in the wall. 2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They haven’t decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 6. Mother promi

11、ses to give me a present.,11,(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾,I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday, which disappointed my mum

12、so much.,12,1．昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。,2．今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?3．這本書(shū)他讀過(guò)多次了,4．他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。,5．那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。,I wrote a letter,last night.,I want to talk with you,this afternoon.,He has read this book,many times.,They have carried out the plan,succe

13、ssfully.,That gentleman can speak three languages,fluently.,鞏固練習(xí)：,13,6．我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。 7．Jim 還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。 8．我們大家都相信Jack 是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。 9. 他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。 10. 我開(kāi)窗戶你在意嗎？,I received a letter,from my penfriend,in Australia.,Jim c

14、annot dress himself.,All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.,He did not know what to say.,Do you mind my opening the window?,14,英語(yǔ)基本句型3 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),15,英語(yǔ)基本句型3 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明：此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)+及物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)（人） +直接賓語(yǔ)（事物）”組成。如： H

15、e brings me cookies every day.但若要先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)（事物），后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)（人），則要借助于介詞to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對(duì)著某人。用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

16、（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。,16,(主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾

17、,Grandma told me a story.As expected, Grandma told me a story .Grandma told me a story for the purpose of cheering me up.Grandma told me one story after another in the hope of cheering me up.,17,1．Johnson 先生去年教我們德語(yǔ)。

18、2．奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。 3．請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎？ 4．他把車票給列車員看。,Mr Johnson taught us German,last year.,Grandma told me an interesting story,last night.,Would you please pass me the dictionary?,He showed the ticket to the conduc

19、tor.,,,,,,,,,18,5．我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？6．新式機(jī)器將會(huì)為你節(jié)省許多勞動(dòng)。7．他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣,Shall I call you a taxi?,The new machine will save you a lot of labour.,He bought a new coat for his mother,with his first month’s salary.,,,,,,

20、,,19,英語(yǔ)基本句型-4 主系表結(jié)構(gòu),20,英語(yǔ)基本句型-4主系表結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)組成，主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征，類屬，狀態(tài)，身份等。系動(dòng)詞有:1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 b

21、ecome, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;,21,Our English teacher is thirty years old.,The cake tastes delicious.,We feel used to living in big cities.,The potatoes went bad in the fields.,,Their boss seems satisfied w

22、ith the work.,Deep water stays still.,,,,,,,22,(主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾,The soup tastes good.To our surprise, The soup tastes good.The soup tastes good,which is beyond our expectation.Frankly speaking, The soup tastes good.

23、To be honest, The soup tastes so good as to surprise everyone.,23,鞏固練習(xí)：1．冬季白天短，夜晚長(zhǎng)2．十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。 3．孩子們很少保持安靜。 4．她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。,In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.,At the age of fifteen, he

24、 became a famous pianist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.,24,5．他失業(yè)了。 6．樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)變黃了7．這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思,He is out of work.,,The leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds int

25、eresting.,25,1. As in China, the weather is different from area to area.,,,主系表句型的幾個(gè)特例：,2. We are greatly surprised to meet him there.,3. It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.,4. It is kind of you

26、to say so.,5. It is not easy for them to go there by bike.,6. Is it Tom who is playing the piano?,7. It is a fact that they can’t pass the exam.,26,英語(yǔ)基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),27,英語(yǔ)基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明: 此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。賓語(yǔ)

27、與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系，若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則句意不夠完整?？梢杂米鲑e補(bǔ)的有：名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his

28、 radio on. 用 it 做形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面，以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，是英語(yǔ)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+賓補(bǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,,28,鞏固練習(xí)：1．我們叫她Alice. 2．我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 3．他們把小偷釋放了。 4．我要你把真相告訴我。 5 .衛(wèi)兵命令我

29、們立即離開(kāi)。 6. 每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。 7．他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)8．我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。,,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,,They have set the thief free.,I want you to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave at once.,Ever

30、y morning we hear him read English aloud.,He has his hair cut once a month.,We won’t let her go out at night.,29,9．那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了 10．她正在聽(tīng)人家講故事。11．我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。 12．他感到很難跟你交談。 13．我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。 14．學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開(kāi)始上課

31、時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。,The terrible sound made the children frightened.,She is listening to someone telling stories.,I have never seen the word used that way before.,He felt it very difficult to talk with you.,I consider it possible to

32、 work out the problem in another way.,The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.,30,英語(yǔ)基本句型6 There be 句型,31,英語(yǔ)基本句型6 There be 句型 說(shuō)明： 此句型是由“there+be+主語(yǔ)+其他”構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以

33、稱“……有……”。 它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)意。 此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old

34、king in the town.,32,be 與其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如： 現(xiàn)在有 There is/are … 過(guò)去有 There was/were… 將來(lái)有 There will be…； There is /are going to be... 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 There has/have been…

35、 可能有 There might be... 肯定有 There must be … There must have been... 過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有 There used to be … 似乎有 There seems/seem/seemed to be … 碰巧有 There happen/happens/happened to be …,33,There

36、 be + 主語(yǔ) (例句),There was a big fire in the early April of 1978.There seemed to be a big fire in the early April of 1978.There was said to be a big fire in the early April of 1978.There happened to be a big fire in th

37、e early April of 1978.There couldn’t have been a big fire in the early April of 1978.,34,鞏固練習(xí)：1．這個(gè)村子過(guò)去只有一口井。 2．客人當(dāng)中有兩名美國(guó)人和兩名法國(guó)人。 3．天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)下午有大風(fēng)。 4．燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。 5．戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的.,,Among the guests there were two

38、Americans and two Frenchmen.,The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.,The light is on. There must be someone in the office.,There used to be a cinema here before the war.,There was only a well in t

39、he village.,35,6．恰好那時(shí)房里沒(méi)人。 7．從前，在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一位老漁夫。 8．公共汽車來(lái)了。 9．就只剩下二十八美元了。 10．鈴響了。,There happened to be nobody in the room at that time.,Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.,There com