簡介：天津大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文政府采購代理研究姓名彭武申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)工業(yè)工程指導(dǎo)教師孫慧向偉民20070601ABSTRACTGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTISAGOVERNMENTACTIVITYINWESTERNDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES，GOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTACTIVITYHASBEENFORMEDCANONICALGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTBRINGBIGEFFECTONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFECONOMYINOURCOUNTRYSINCETHEGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTINNOVATIONFULFILLEDTILLNOWTHESCOPEOFCOUNTRYWIDEGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTEXTENDCONFINUOUSLYDURINGTHEPERIODOF1998TO2005，THEAVERAGERISINGRATEOFPROCUREMENTSCOPEIS779％INYEAR2005，THECOUNTRYWIDEGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTAMOUNTACHIEVETO29276HUNDREDBILLIONALONGWITHTHEEMBEDDEDDEVELOPMENTOFGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTSYSTEM，PROCUREMENTAGENCYDEVELOPRAPIDLYMOREANDMOREPROCUREMENTAGENCYPARTICIPATEINGOVEMMENTPROCUREMENTACTIVITIESINCHINASTIPULATECLEARLYTHEACTIVITIESOFPROCUREMENTAGENCY’SCHARACTERRIGHTSSCOPE，WORKFUNCTIONANDLAWLIABILITYWHICHPROVIDEARELIABLEJURALCREDENCETOPRESCRIBE‘GOVERNMENT’SAGENCYACTIVITIESGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTISAPROFESSIONALANDSTATUTORYWORK，THATCRYFORAPROFESSIONALANDSOCIALIZEDSERVICESPROVIDEDBYGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTAGENCYAQTOMAINTAINANEQUITABLE，JUSTANDOPENSYSTEMOFGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTMARKETTHEORYCOMBININGWITHPRACTICEISTHEMAINMETHODINTHISARTICLEBYRESEARCHINGTHEGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTSTATUTEANDBASICTHEORYCOMBININGGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTAGENCYINDUSTRY’SDEVELOPMENTCOURSEANDCURRENTSTATUS，ANALYZINGGPASMARKETSTATUSANDDEVELOPINGTREND，DISCUSSINGGPASMANAGEMENTMECHANISMMANAGEMENTMETHODANDMEANS，PREDICTINGGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTAGENCYINDUSTRY’SDEVELOPINGDIRECTIONTHEREBYTOPROVIDEREFERENCEFORGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENT’SDEVELOPMENT，ANDENDEAVORTOACHIEVETHETARGETOFCARRYINGOUTGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENTMANAGEMENT’SPAYOUT，ADJUSTINGECONOMICCIRCULATION，MAINTAINCOUNTRYANDSOCIETY’SPUBLICPROFITKEYWORDGOVERNMENTPROCUREMENT；AGENCY；MANAGEMENT

簡介：廈門大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文中國資本市場投資者保護與代理權(quán)變更的實證研究姓名胡金帥申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)會計學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師薛祖云20070401ABSTRACTFINNISANEXUSOFASETOFCONTRACTINGRELATIONSHIPSCOASE，1937；JENSENANDMECKLING，1976；FAMA，1980THEREARETWOLEVELSOFPRINCIPALAGENTRELATIONSHIPINTHENEXUSOFFIRMSHAREHOLDERSTHEBOARD，ANDTHEBOARDTOPMANAGERTHROUGHTHESECONTRACTINGRELATIONSHIPS，ONLYSOMEIMPORTANTDECISIONCONTROLRIGHTSAREKEPTINSHAREHOLDERSWHILETHEBOARDOFDIRECTORSHOLDSTHEMOSTDECISIONCONTROLRIGHTS，INCLUDINGFIRINGTOPMANAGERSANDOTHERMONITORINGACTIONSTHEINCOMPLETENESSOFCONTRACTANDSELFINTERESTOFAGENTSCAUSEAGENCYPROBLEMSBASEDONTHENATUREOFCONTRACT，AGENCYPROBLEMSAREDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESDEBTAGENCYPROBLEMSANDEQUITYAGENCYPROBLEMSFIRINGAGENTISACHEAPANDEFFECTIVEWAYTESOLVESERIOUSAGENCYPROBLEMSFAMA1980；FAMAANDJENSEN1983FIRINGINCOMPETENTAGENTSISALLIMPORTANTFUNCTIONOFTHEBOARDOFDIRECTORSANDHASBEENTAKENASAKEYCRITERIONTOJUDGETHEEFFICIENCYOFTHEBOARDWHENAGENCYPROBLEMSARESERIOUSENOUGHBEYONDWHATTHEPRINCIPALSCALLBEARANDCALLNOTBEENRESOLVEDBYOTHERGOVERNANCEMECHANISMSSUCHASMONITORING，INCENTIVES，THEN廿LEYWILLCHOOSETOFIRETHESEAGENTSONTHECONTRARYEXCLUDINGSOMESPECIALCASES，THEAGENTSFIREDSHALLBETHOSEWHOHAVESERIOUSAGENCYPROBLEMSASARESULTITARETHOSEANDONLYARETHOSEWHOHAVESERIOUSAGENCYPROBLEMSGETFIREDSO，WECANANALYZETHEEFFICIENCYOFCORPORATEGOVERNANCEANDINVESTORPROTECTIONTHROUGHINVESTIGATINGTHECORRELATIONBETWEENAGENCYPROBLEMSANDAGENTCHANGETHISSTUDYANALYZESTHEAGENCYPROBLEMSBETWEENSHAREHOLDERS，DEBTORSANDAGENTFROMAGENTCHANGEANGLEBASEONTHERESULT，WETAKEADEEPERRESEARCHINTHEEFFECTOFDIFFERENTOWNERSHIPSTRUCTUREANDOUTSIDEMARKETMONITORSONAGENCYPROBLEMSTHESTUDYFINDS1ALTHOUGHTHEREARESERIOUSAGENCYPROBLEMSBETWEENAGENTANDDEBTORSINCHINA’SLISTEDCOMPANIES，NOAGENCYCOSTOFDEBTWASFOUND，WHICHMEANSCHINESECORNRNERCIALBANKSANDOTHERSDEBTINVESTORSARESTILLNOTRATIONALENOUGHANDCHINA’SCAPITALMARKETISSTILLNOTEFFICIENTENOUGH

簡介：西南財謹大學(xué)SOUN刪舊FⅡRHUNⅣER目TYOFFHANCEANDECONOMICS碩士學(xué)位論文MASTER7SDISSERTATL0N利率市場化背景下商業(yè)銀行存款定價行為分析一種基于委托代理模型的研究THEANALYSISOFHOWCOMMERCIALBANKSDESIGNDEPOSITCONTRACTUNDERTHEBACKGROUNDOFMARKETORIENTEDINTERESTRATESARESEARCHBASEDONTHEPRINCIPALAGE皿TMODEL學(xué)位申請人杜世光指導(dǎo)教師學(xué)科專業(yè)張橋云教授金融學(xué)利率市場化背景下商業(yè)銀行存款定價行為分析一種基于委托代理模型的研究一、本文的主要內(nèi)容及觀點本文將分四章對“利率市場化背景下商業(yè)銀行存款定價行為”這一問題進行論述。前言主要是介紹基于利率市場化對商業(yè)銀行存款定價的影響這一問題的緣起，然后闡述理論淵源和相關(guān)文獻綜述，以及對該問題研究的演進和發(fā)展方向。第一章引入基本模型，在較一般的框架下分析了存款行為在單期情形下存在的代理問題，給出在信息完全情形下的最優(yōu)解，以及信息不完全情形下的次優(yōu)解。首先給出基本框架、技術(shù)與偏好，然后假設(shè)銀行與存款人之間不存在信息差異時，通過銀行利用存款的邊際收益等于存款人的邊際機會成本這一條件得到最優(yōu)存款量。之后，討論在不對稱信息下，銀行如何制定次優(yōu)存款契約。接著討論了信息交流對存款契約的影響，分別從事前的信息交流、事后可驗證的信號與事前不可驗證的信號三個方面加以分析。最后，討論了逆向選擇下事前與事后的參與約束，從以下三個方面加以闡述存款人風(fēng)險中性時的最優(yōu)存款契約、存款人風(fēng)險回避時的最優(yōu)存款契約、銀行風(fēng)險回避時的最優(yōu)存款契約。第二章將基本模型擴展到二期情形，并引入信息結(jié)構(gòu)隨時間而演化的假設(shè)。分別討論銀行為風(fēng)險中性和風(fēng)險回避下二期逆向選擇參數(shù)完全相關(guān)和具有獨立性的情況下最優(yōu)存款契約的設(shè)計。并討論一般資金持有者利用存款產(chǎn)品之外的其他金融工具的獲利能力對存款量的影響，存款量、存款人通過其他方式獲利能力、存款替代品價格對存款定價的決定作用。沿用了第一章的基本模型，并假設(shè)銀行具有完全的能力承諾兌現(xiàn)它與存款人簽訂的存款契約。銀行設(shè)計的機制將貫穿整個存款人活動的時段，并且不論發(fā)生什么事情都能堅持這一點。本章將動態(tài)模型的信息結(jié)構(gòu)分為三個大類分別進行分析。分析框架是對第一章中基本模型的二期重復(fù)，其中可以引入關(guān)于信息結(jié)構(gòu)的不同假設(shè)，并且分析信息結(jié)構(gòu)隨時間的演化該章的目的的就是將最優(yōu)的二期存款契約與靜態(tài)存款契約作比較。第三章討論如何通過放松某些假設(shè)而將基本模型迸一步擴展。該章分析前面所沿用基本框架的可能的擴展。所有前面的章節(jié)，即使處理的是不同的代理成本問題，它們也都有一些共同假設(shè)，該章就是討論如何通過放松某些2

簡介：◎西南財誣大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文MASTER’SDISSER仉姐ION高質(zhì)量審計與緩解大小股東代理沖突的實證研究來自中國證券市場的經(jīng)驗證據(jù)HIGHQUALIFYAUDITORSMITIGATETHEAGENCYCONFLICTSBETWEENMAJORSHAREHOLDERSANDMINORITYSHAREHOLDERS一一EMPIRICALEVIDENCEFROMCHINA’SSECURITYMARKET學(xué)位申請人劉佳指導(dǎo)教師蔡春教授學(xué)科專業(yè)會計學(xué)學(xué)位類別筻理堂高質(zhì)量審計與緩解大小股東代理沖突的實證研究來自中國證券市場的經(jīng)驗證據(jù)間存在的關(guān)系研究得很少。所以，在我國，一個更有意義的研究內(nèi)容是高質(zhì)量獨立審計能否緩解大小股東間的代理沖突，而大股東是否也會通過聘請高質(zhì)量審計來提高公司價值。本文的研究內(nèi)容是從理論和實證兩個角度論證高質(zhì)量審計緩解大小股東間的代理沖突，具體來說，筆者把這個內(nèi)容分成四個小問題來考察1代理沖突嚴重的公司是否會主動聘請高質(zhì)量審計2代理沖突嚴重的公司，當(dāng)具有融資需求時，是否會主動聘請高質(zhì)量審計向市場傳遞好的信號，以此降低融資成本；3高質(zhì)量審計在緩解大小股東代理沖突、降低代理成本的同時，能否提升公司的價值，最起碼不會降低公司價值；4高質(zhì)量審計在發(fā)表審計意見時是否考慮了所審公司的代理沖突。本文分五個部分來系統(tǒng)地論述所研究的問題第一部分是引言，介紹本文研究的背景、研究貢獻、研究路徑、局限性及后續(xù)研究建議。第二部分，回顧國內(nèi)外有關(guān)大小股東代理沖突的研究文獻，指出雖然大股東的控制權(quán)對其他股東有正的外部性，但是大股東存在的成本超過其存在的收益。然后結(jié)合我國上市公司股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點，說明在我國主要存在的是大股東與小股東之闖的代理沖突。第三部分，從分析大小股東存在的委托代理關(guān)系入手，論述大股東需要處于超然地位的獨立審計來解除受托經(jīng)濟責(zé)任，同時小股東也需要獨立審計來了解和掌握大股東履行受托經(jīng)濟責(zé)任的情況。具體說來，獨立審計緩解大小股東代理沖突的作用表現(xiàn)在三個方面第一。獨立審計監(jiān)督大股東受托經(jīng)濟責(zé)任的履行情況，鑒證公司會計信息的真實可靠性；第二，獨立審計具有甄別功能，能夠通過信號傳遞在一定程度上將好企業(yè)和差企業(yè)進行區(qū)分，從而服務(wù)于小股東；第三，獨立審計可以作為法律的替代機制緩解企業(yè)中的代理沖突，從而為小股東提供保護。不過，獨立審計是否能夠真正發(fā)揮作用，取決于審計質(zhì)量的高低。接下來筆者采用二分法將我國的會計師事務(wù)所劃分為。四大”和“非四大”，并進一步說明選擇“四大”作為高質(zhì)量審計代表變量的原因。最后，對高質(zhì)量審計緩解大小股東代理沖突的文獻進行回顧，為實證檢驗找到突破口。2

簡介：西安理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文委托代理下的不確定性決策研究姓名劉偉團申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師扈文秀20070301。鱟圭墨三壟堂塑主堂堡笙查TITLEUNCERTAINDECISIONMAKINGANALYSISUNDERPRINCIPALAGENTMAJORBUSINESSADMINISTRATIONNAMEWEITUANLIUDIRECTORPROFESSORWENXIUHUSIGNATUREL逝I坐二MSIGNATURE幽11繼I認ABSTRACTPRINCIPALAGENTTHEORYCAMEFROMVERYLONG，ANDRESEARCHERINDOMESTICANDFOREIGNHASDONEALOTOFRESEARCHTHEMAINRESEARCHINTHISAREAISCONCENTRATEDINTHEQUESTIONHOWTODESIGNEFFECTIVEINSPIRECONTRACTFOREVADETHEAGENTPROBLEMANDHOWTOAPPLYTHEPRINCIPALAGENTCONTRACTTOTHEACTUALPRINCIPALAGENTMECHANISMTHEDECISIONMAKINGCAMEFROMVERYLONG，ANDFROMBEGINNINGOFTHEHUMANBEINGSOCIETYANKINDSOFDECISIONMAKINGBEHAVIORHASAPPEAREDHOWEVERITISNOLONGERTHAN100YEARSFORDECISIONMAKINGBECONLEAREALSCIENCETHERESEARCHSCOPESINDECISIONMAKINGTHEORYINDOMESTICANDFOREIGNISPRIMARYCONCENTRATEDINTHECOMBINATIONDECOMPOSINGANDAPPLYINGTHEMETHOD，PROCEDURE，GUIDELINE，CIRCUMSTANCE，OBJECTETEHOWEVERVIEWINGTHETHEORYABOUTPRINCIPALAGENTANDDECISIONMAKINGTHERESEARCHINUNCEMINTYDECISIONMAKINGUNDERPRINCIPALAGENTCONNECTIONISVERYFEWTHEMAINREASONABOUTTHATISTHEIRDEVELOPMENTISINSEPARATELYANDTHEYHAVEUOINFLUENCEEACHOTHERDIFFERENTFROMTHESELFDEVELOPMENTOFTHETHEORYINREALWORLDWEOFTENSEETHESEPHENOMENATHATAGENTALWAYSMAKESALOTOFDECISIONMAKINGWHICHDAMAGETHEADVANTAGEOFTHEPRINCIPALWHENHEMAKESUNCEFTAINTYDECISIONMAKINGINMANYREASONSFURTHERMORE，ALMOSTOFTHESEPHENOMENONCANBEAVOIDED～SO，ITISIMPORTANTANDSERIOUSTHATTHETHESISRESEARCHONTHEUNCEMINTYDECISIONMAKINGUNDERTHEPRINCIPALAGENTRELATIONSHIP，ANDEXPECTTOFINDREASONABLESOLVEWAYAQUALITATIVEANALYSISANDAQUANTITATIVEANALYSISBEINGUSEDINTHISTHESIS，INTHEBEGINNING，THEAUTHORANALYSESTHEREASONARISINGFROMTHEPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMANDTHELIMITATIONANDGROWINGOFTHEPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMTHENPOINTSOUTTHEBASISOFTHEEXISTENTOFTHEINTEMALUNCER￡AINTYANDEXTERNALUNCERTAINTYANDTHEIRRELATIONSHIPTHENTESTTHEUNCERTAINTYDECISIONMAKINGDIFFERENCEBETWCENEXISTENCEOFTHEPRINCIPALAGENTANDINEXISTENCEOFTHEPRINCIPALAGENTBYDESIGNINGTHEDECISIONMAKINGQUESTIONNAIRETHOSEDISCREPANCYLIEIN1THEOBJECTIVESOFTHEDECISIONMAKERSAREDIFFERENT；2THEPAYOFFFUNCTIONOFTHEDECISIONMAKERSAREDIFFERENT；3THEWAYSOFINFORMATIONEXISTENCEAREDIFFERENCE，ETCINTHEFOLLOWINGBASINGONTHEDIFFERENTRISKPREFERENCEBETWEENTHEPRINCIPALANDAGENTTHISTHESISDESIGNDIFFERENTPRINCIPALAGENTCONTRACTS，ANDRESEARCHTHECORRESPONDINGUNCERTAINTYDECISIONMAKINGUNDERTHOSECONTRACTSⅡ

簡介：東南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文銀行保險委托代理問題及其解決路徑研究姓名秦波申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)金融學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師余珊萍20070128東南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文BANCASSURANCEPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMANDTHERESEARCHONTHEWAYTESOLVEITABSTRACTBANCASSURANCECOMESINTOBEINGINTHEBACKGROUNDOFTHEUNIONOFGLOBALFINANCEANDTHEMIXEDOPERATIONINTHEFINANCIALFIELDANDBANCASSURANCEHASDEVELOPEDGREATLYINWESTERNCOUNTRIESINTHE1990SBANCASSURANCEWASINTRODUCEDINTOCHINACHINESEFINANCIALSYSTEMISTHATDIVIDEDOPERATIONANDDIVIDEDMANAGEMENTTHEREISNOCAPITALRELATIONSHIPBETWEENBANKANDINSURANCECOMPANYWHICHCOOPERATESINTHEFIELDOFOPERATIONTHOUGHAGREEMENTBANK，INSURANCECOMPANYCONSUMERSANDGOVERNOR，ASRATIONALMENANDPARTICIPATORSINBANCASSURANCE，THEYPURSUETHEMAXIMUMOFECONOMICBENEFITS，SOTHEREISTHEPROBLEMOFPRINCIPALAGENTEXISTINGINTHEMUNAVOIDABLYTHISPAPERSTUDIESTHEADVANCEDEXPERIENCEOFBANCASSURANCEINWESTERNCOUNTRIES，ANDDOESRESEARCHONPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMINCHINESEBANCASSURANCEBYTHEWAYOFQUALITATIVEANALYSIS，COMPARATIVEANALYSISANDGAMETHEORYFIRSTOFALL，THISPAPERLOOKSBACKTHEFRUITSONTHETHEORYOFPRINCIPALAGENTANDBANCASSURANCETHENITINTRODUCESTHEBACKGROUNDOFCHINESEBANCASSURANCE’SAPPEARANCEANDDEVELOPMENTCHARACTERSANDACTUALITIESOFBANCASSURANCEINCHINAANDTHENTHISPAPERANALYZESTHECHARACTERS，BENEFITSREQUIREDBYPARTICIPATORSINBANCASSURANCEANDTHEBENEFICIALRELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEMONTHEBASEOFTHEANALYSISABOVEITEXPATIATESONTHEPROBLEMOFPRINCIPALAGENTINCHINESEBANCASSURANCEQUALITATIVELYTHENITANALYZESTHEPROBLEMINDETAILBYTHEWAYOFGAMETHEORYINTHEANALYSISOFTHEMARKETOFBANCASSURANCE，ITSHOWSTHATABNORMALCOMPETITIONINTHECOMMISSIONCHARGEWILLREDUCETHEBENEFITSOFTHEMARKETANDPARTICIPANTSINTHEANALYSISOFBEHAVIOROFTHEBANKERITSHOWSTHATCREDITDOESEXCELLENTBANKERGOODINTHEANALYSISOFRELATIONSHIPBETWEENBANKANDINSURANCECOMPANYITSHOWSTHATTHESUPPLYOFOPTIONALCONTRACTSWILIMAKEBANKERWORKHARDINTHEANALYSISOFTHEBEHAVIOROFPURSUINGRENTSITSHOWSTHATTHEBEHAVIOROFPURSUINGRENTSWILIDESTROYTHEFINEENVIRONMENTSOFCOMPETITIONINTHEANALYSISOFTHEBEHAVIOROFMANAGEMENTONTHEFINANCIALMARKETITSHOWSTHATTHECONDITIONOFPROMPTINGANDRESTRICTIONBETWEENADMINISTRATORANDINSURANCECOMPANYTHROUGHTHEANALYSISABOVE，THISPAPERBRINGSFORWARDTHEADVICEOILTHEWAYTORESOLVETHEPROBLEMOFPRINCIPALAGENTTHEADVICEISFROMTHEPOINTOFECONOMYPOLICYANDBEHAVIOROFPARTICIPANTSITHOPESTHEADVICEWILLBEBENEFICIALTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFBANCASSURANCEINCHINAKEYWORDBANCASSURANCEPRINCIPALAGENTTHEORYGAMETHEORYDIVIDEDOPERATIONDIVIDEDMANAGEMENTMECHANISMOFPROMPTINGANDRESTRICTIONCOMMISSIONCHARGEN

簡介：摘要摘要上世紀90年代以來的國有銀行商業(yè)化改革，正在經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革的關(guān)鍵時期。通過股份制改造和上市，適應(yīng)于市場經(jīng)濟體制的公司制法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)正逐步趨于完善。國有商業(yè)銀行的改革需要解決新的主要問題是運行機制的優(yōu)化和創(chuàng)新，即通過運行機制的優(yōu)化和創(chuàng)新來實現(xiàn)國有商業(yè)銀行改革的進一步深化。上世紀末以來，我國基金業(yè)的規(guī)?？焖倥蛎?。國有商業(yè)銀行在參與基金業(yè)務(wù)過程中獲得了新的發(fā)展契機。然而，當(dāng)前我國國有商業(yè)銀行代理基金業(yè)務(wù)機制運行缺乏適應(yīng)市場需求的成熟的管理文化，市場定位和品牌戰(zhàn)略不明晰，面向市場的強烈的創(chuàng)新意識和風(fēng)險意識不足，“以客戶為中心”的經(jīng)營理念和服務(wù)水平有待進一步提升。國有商業(yè)銀行要充分利用當(dāng)前基金業(yè)務(wù)快速增長的這一難得的歷史性發(fā)展機遇，從國有商業(yè)銀行的實際出發(fā)，借鑒國外商業(yè)銀行代理基金業(yè)務(wù)的經(jīng)驗，以“重銷售，更要重服務(wù)”為主線，從經(jīng)營理念的創(chuàng)新、管理模式的變革、信息管理系統(tǒng)的健全和客戶關(guān)系管理的改善等方面優(yōu)化運行機制，促進代理基金業(yè)務(wù)運行機制的整體上的改進和完善，從而獲得核心競爭力的增強，促使國有商業(yè)銀行真正成為我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟中充滿活力、起主導(dǎo)作用的金融企業(yè)。關(guān)鍵詞國有商業(yè)銀行代理基金機制優(yōu)化學(xué)位論文獨創(chuàng)性聲明學(xué)位論文獨創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知，除了文中特別加以標注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果，也不包含為獲得南昌大學(xué)或其他教育機構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同志對本研究所做的任何貢獻均已在論文中作了明確的說明并表示謝意。學(xué)位論文作者簽“手寫，降K簽字日期27年乙月“日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解南昌大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，有權(quán)保留并向國家有關(guān)部門或機構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán)南昌大學(xué)可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制乎段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后適用本授權(quán)書學(xué)位論文作者簽名手寫陣C簽字日期76年‘月6日導(dǎo)少。簽、〔手寫少簽字日期呼6月1。日學(xué)位論文作者畢業(yè)后去向作單位中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行景德鎮(zhèn)市分行電話13807985139通訊地址江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市昌南人道3號郵編333000

簡介：Y1037883學(xué)位論文中海船務(wù)代理有限公司發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略李玉棟指導(dǎo)教師范厚明教授申請學(xué)位級別工學(xué)碩士專業(yè)名稱交通運輸規(guī)劃與管理學(xué)位授予單位大連海事大學(xué)2006年9月THEDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYOFCHINASHIPPINGAGENCYCOLTDABSTRACTBASEDONTHECLARIFICATIONOFSEVERALCONCEPTSRELATEDTOSHIPPINGAGENCYATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHETHESIS，THEIMPORTANCEOFTHESHIPPINGAGENCYINDUSTRYWASDISCUSSEDTHREATSANDOPPORTUNITIESFACEDBYTHEDOMESTICSHIPPINGAGENCIESAFTERCHINA’SENTRYINTOTHEWTOWEREANALYZEDNEXTACCORDINGTOTHEREALITYINCHINASHIPPINGAGENCYCOLTDCSA，ADVANTAGEANDDISADVANTAGEANALYSISWERECONDUCTEDWHICHFORMEDTHEINNERCONDITIONSANALYSISWHENITCJ3MESTOTHEOUTERSITUATIONANALYSIS，ECONOMICSURROUNDINGSANDTHECOMPETITORSWERECONSIDEREDFORITSBETTERDEVELOPMENTONTHESHIPPINGAGENCYMARKET，SUITABLEFORECASTANDPREDICTIONSOFTRADINGVOLUMESWEREALSOMADETHEMAINCREATIVEPOINTISTHEESTABLISHMENTOFINDEXHIERARCHYWHICHHADSUCCESSFULLYASSESSEDTHECOMPETITIVENESSOFSHIPPINGAGENCIESMETHODOLOGIESOFDELPHI，AHPANDFUZZYWEREADOPTEDINORDERTOASSESSEDTHEPROCESSOFPENAVIC0，CSA，SINOAGENTUNISCOONTHEBASISOFTHEASSESSINGRESULTSANDTHEPREVIOUSANALYSISONCSA，THEDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYCATERINGFORTHEREQUIREMENTSOFCSAWEREFORMULATED，INCLUDINGLONGTERMSTRATEGYTARGETSANDFEASIBLEMEASURESWERECONCLUDEDWHICHWOULDPROVIDEBENEFICIALGUIDELINESFORTHECSALONGTERMDEVELOPMENTKEYWORDSCSA；COMPETITIVENESSASSESSMENT；DEVELOPMENTSTRATEGY

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簡介：上海大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文三種保險代理中的薪酬激勵模型姓名王巧蘭申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)運籌學(xué)與控制論指導(dǎo)教師陸余楚20070501上海大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTTHEPRESENTTHESISISASTUDYOFCOMPENSATIONINCENTIVEININSURANCEPRACTICE“ITSVERYOBVIOUSINLIFEANDHEALTHINSURANCEPRODUCTSTHATINSURANCEISSALEOFBUTNOTPURCHASE”PRINCIPALAGENTSYSTEMISAMAINMARKETINGCHANNELOFINSURANCEINALLCOUNTRIESAPERFECTINCENTIVESYSTEMCOULDMAKEANAGENTSELECTTHERIGHTMARKETINGWAYINFAVOROFHISPRINCIPALINSURANCECOMPANYONHISOWNINITIATIVEASWELLASMAKEANAGENTTOWORKHARDERUPTONOWASTEPFUNCTIONHASBEENESTABLISHEDACCORDINGTOTHEPREMIUMINCOMETHATBELONGSTOMEASUREVARIABLEINPRACTICE，THEFUNCTIONINCLUDESTWOVARIABLESMEASUREVARIABLEANDFUZZYVARIABLEFUDANUNIVERSITYANDTSINGHANUNIVERSITYHAVEBEENDOINGAFURTHERRESEARCHONCOMPENSATIONINCENTIVESYSTEMTHEFEATURESOFTHISTHESISAREASFO10WSFIRST，THEDESIGN，ANALYSIS，PROCESSINGANDQUANTITYTURNOFSUBJECTIVEPERFORMANCE耽E2LAYERFUZZYCOMPREHENSIVEEVALUATIONISUSEDINTHISTHESISSECOND，BASEDONTHEPRINCIPALAGENTTHEORYININFORMATIONECONOMICS，THISTHESISWILLESTABLISHASCIENTIFICANDPRACTICALCOMPENSATIONINCENTIVEMODELFORMCOMBININGMEASUREVARIABLEANDFUZZYVARIABLE，RECURRINGTOOPTIMALMETHOD1KRD，ASFORRANDOMVARIABLE，WEADDANADJUSTABLEVARIABLEININCENTIVEMODEL耵LISTHESISEMPHASIZESGROUPINSURANCETHERESEARCHONTHEINCENTIVESYSTEMOFGROUPINSURANCEISUNSEELLUPTONOWINDOMESTIC‘NIEPERTINENTDATAUSEDTOTESTTHEMODELINTHISTHESISARECITEDFROMTHEINFORMATIONONTHEINSURANCEIN2005，WHICHSURELYHELPSTOSECUREAPROSPECTIVERESULTKEYWORDSCOMPENSATIONINCENTIVE，PRINCIPLEAGENT，OPTIMIZATION，F(xiàn)UZZYCOMPREHENSIVEEVALUATION，SUBJECTIVEPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONVI

簡介：復(fù)旦大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文美國房地產(chǎn)投資信托代理成本研究以及對中國的借鑒意義姓名開文明申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)世界經(jīng)濟指導(dǎo)教師劉軍梅20070420摘要房地產(chǎn)投資信托REALESTATEINVESTMENTTRUSTS，REITS是指從事房地產(chǎn)買賣、開發(fā)、管理等經(jīng)營活動的投資信托公司。它起源于1960年的美國，是一種以發(fā)行收益憑證的方式匯集特定多數(shù)投資者的資金，由專門投資機構(gòu)進行投資經(jīng)營管理，并將投資綜合收益按比例分配給投資者的一種信托基金制度。REITS不但美國取得了巨大的成功，而月近些年來在世界各地都得到了蓬勃發(fā)展，歐洲、南美和亞洲有很多國家都已經(jīng)推出了REITS。發(fā)展房地產(chǎn)投資信托存存諸多好處首先，能夠使房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)資金來源更加趨于多元化；其次，能夠使個人投資者以少量資金參與房地產(chǎn)投資，豐富個人投資渠道；另外，還能夠增加金融市場投資品種，分化銀行房地產(chǎn)貸款風(fēng)險，降低整個金融系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險。而中國房地產(chǎn)發(fā)展嚴重依賴銀行資金，不但使房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)的發(fā)展受到很大限制，而且使商業(yè)銀行承擔(dān)巨大的風(fēng)險。2006年49J25U，中國人民銀行副行長吳曉靈表示，中國需要努力發(fā)展房地產(chǎn)投資信托REITS，拓寬房地產(chǎn)市場的融資渠道。她于同年年末還強調(diào)說，必須高度關(guān)注房地產(chǎn)與房地產(chǎn)金融問題，房地產(chǎn)金融關(guān)系到金融系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定。2007年4月10U，中國證監(jiān)會正式成立了房地產(chǎn)投資基金I汪ITS專題研究小組，為發(fā)展中國的REITS做準備。中國發(fā)展REITS必須要有相關(guān)的研究提供參考，目前國內(nèi)有關(guān)REITS的文章主要集中于REITS的介紹，內(nèi)容主要涉及REITS的發(fā)展歷程；包括美國和亞洲韓國、七』本、新加坡和香港；REITS運作的摹本方式和特征以及中國發(fā)展REITS的前景。但是缺乏對REITS的各個方面進行深入和具體的研究，例如REITS的IPO，如何有效管理REITS以及REITS的資本結(jié)構(gòu)和代理成本。本文從代理成本的角度來比較研究REITS各種組織結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)缺點，并且從代理成本的角度來看待中國如何發(fā)展和選擇REITS的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和相關(guān)模式。本文把代理成本理論應(yīng)用于REITS，對REITS的代理成本問題進行分析，討論了REITS的代理成本的一般性和特殊性。然后應(yīng)用比較分析方法，著重分析了REITS的兩種模式B部顧問模式和自我管理模式在代理成本方面的差異和優(yōu)缺點以及原因。最后結(jié)合中國的房地產(chǎn)信托的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展房地產(chǎn)投資信托的外部環(huán)境，提出了自己的觀點，認為REITS的自我管理模式更加適合中國。關(guān)鍵詞房地產(chǎn)投資信托REITS代理成本代理理論外部顧問模式自我管理模式中圖分類號FLL

簡介：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文雞肉供應(yīng)鏈中委托代理關(guān)系研究姓名冷靜申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師侯云先20070601ABSTRACTCHICKENISTHESECONDMOSTCONSUMPTIONOFMEATINCHINA．11搖DEVELOPMENTOFEHIEKDAINDUSTRYRELATESTOCHIN∽PEOPLE’8RIVINGSTANDARDDIRECTLYANDCLOSELY．THECHICKENSUPPLYCHAININTEGRATETHEBENEFITOFEVERYKNOTINTHECILAILL’SUCH∞PEASANTS．BREEDINGASSOCIATION,COMPANY,DISTRIBUTOR,RETAILERANDC啪I瓤LME鷂．THERELATIONSHIPBCTWL，ENEVERYTWOKNOTSINTHECHA．MWILLAFFECTTHECOOPERATIONANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEWHOLECHAIN．ITISVERYIMPORTANTTORESEARCHONTHEPRINEIPALAGEATRELATIONSHIPONTHESUPPLYCHAINTOOPTIMIZETHEWHOLESUPPLYCHAINANDRAISETHECOMPETITIVEPOWEROFELAIEKEAINDUSTRY．BASEONTHEANALYSISOFCHICKENINDUSTRYANDTHEEHIEKEASUPPLYCHAINOFCHINA,THEDISSERTATIONFIRSTLYRE∞ARELAOLLTHEPRINEIPALAGEATRELATIONSBEH嗍COMPANYNNDASSOCIATIONBYL℃PUTATIOACFLEETTHEORY．BECAUSEOFASYMMETRICINFORMATION,NGENEYCOSTEXISTSBE“嗍COMPANYANDASSOCIATION,WHICHINCLUDERISKC∞TANDINCENTIVECOST．COMPANYⅢCONCLUDEMANAGEMENTOPERATINGEAPABILITYOF鋤∞捌∞FROMJ缸LONGTERMAEHIEVEMEAATTHATC∞LⅡ】薛THEWOGIATIONTOWORKHAFD，IMPROVEITSREPUTATIONNNDRAISEFUTUREILLCOML．INADDITION,COMPANYCOMPARE剮瑚EASSOCIATION’SACHIEVEMENTWITHOTHERSINTHESAMEENVIRONMENT，∞GAINSUFFICIENTINFORMATIONOFTHEA．∞OCIATIONLLOPERATINGCAPABILITYANDVALUATT曲口NSSOEIATIONACCURATELY．SECOLLDLY,THEDISSERTATIONRESEARCHOLLTHEPRINEIPALAGEATRELATIONSHIPBCTWCELLCOMPANYANDPEASANTS．WHENCOMPANY豳GSTHECONTRACTWITHL∞．．．ASANTS,THECOMPANYHASTOSHARESONLL。N吧M蛾THENITISPOSSIBLEELL吼聰THATTHEPEASANTSWORKHARD．COMPANYCAN’TOB％VEPEASANTWORKCOMPLETELYAFTERSIGMTHECONTRACT,SOTHELⅫLSANTDOESNOTWORKACCORDINGTOEONUAETSTANDARD．COMPANYNEEDADOPTECTLAINEFFEETIVOMEA目LL℃ONTHEPEASANT,URGETHEMTOWORKNEEORDINGTOTHESTANDARD,SWT％L“TOGAINHIGH礎(chǔ)CLAIEKEN,AM嘲THEBENEFITBOTHSIDC8舒7∞EUTIRO咖LYCHAIN．ATLAST,TAKINGBE§INGTTUADUBROILERCOMPANY∞馘SIMULATEOF∞MEEONCHUFIONSOFTHE血EORYPART．KEYWORDSTHECHICKENSUPPLYCHAIN，PRINCIPALAGENT,REPUTATIONEFFECTILL

簡介：廈門大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文中國保險中介誠信缺失研究保險代理人視角姓名章磊申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)保險學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師鄭榮鳴20070401ABSTRACTTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYISTHEINALIENABLEIMPORTANTCOMPONENTOFINSURANCEMARKET，ANDISTOCONTACTTHETIEBETWEENINSURERSANDINSUREDTHROUGHTHEPROFESSIONALSERVICEOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYITWILLHELPTEALIZECIRCULATIONANDCONSUMPTIONOFTHEINSURANCEGOODSHOWEVERINOURCOUNTRYBECAUSETHETIMEFORDEVELOPMENTOFINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYISRELATIVELYSHORT，ANDTHEDEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTOFMARKETISUNRIPEITLEADSTOTHEFACTTHATTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYISVERYNONSTANDARD，ANDLOSSOFCREDIBILITYISSERIOUSTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYALREADYBECOMESTHEBOTTLENECKWHICHRESTRAINSTHEINSURANCEOFOURCOUNTRYFROMDEVELOPINGHEALTHILYANDFASTMOREOVERINOURCOUNTRYITISSHORTOFSPECIALIZEDRESEARCHONTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYATPRESENTSO，THISDISSERTATIONREGARDSTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYASTHERESEARCHOBJECT，ANDHOPESTOOFFERSOMETHEORETICALDIRECTIONSFORTHESOLUTIONOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYCONSEQUENTLYACCELERATESTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYMARKETFIRSTLYTHISDISSERTATIONHASSUMMARIZEDTHERESEARCHRESULTSABOUTLOSSOFCREDIBILITYINOURCOUNTRYANDPOINTSOUTTHATREASONANALYSISABOUTLOSSOFCREDIBILITYMAINLYCONCENTRATEDINTWOASPECTSONEISANALYZINGFROMETHICALCREDIBILITYTHEOTHERONEISANALYZINGFROMECONOMICALCREDIBILITYUNDERTHEMARKETECONOMYCONDITION，WETHILLLRESEARCHONTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYFORMECONOMICALCREDIBILITYHASTHESIGNIFICANCETHISISPRECISELYRESEARCHANGLEOFVIEWIILTLLISDISSERTATIONSECONDLY，THROUGHANALYSISABOUTDEVELOPMENTSTATEOFINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYWEFINDTHATINSURANCEAGENTISPRINCIPALPARTOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARYOFOURCOUNTRYSOWHENWEANALYZEREASONOFTHEINSURANCEINTERMEDIARY’SLOSSOFCREDIBILITYWETAKEINSURANCEAGENTASTHEEXAMPLETHIRDLYWETAKEINSURANCEAGENTASTHECENTERUSINGTHEGAMETHEORYTOANALYZECREDIBILITYBEHAVIORCHOICEBETWEENINSURANCEAGENTANDINSURED，ANDUSINGTHEPRINCIPLEAGENTTHEORYTOANALYZECREDIBILITYBEHAVIORCHOICEBETWEENINSURANCE

簡介：廈門大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文Y房地產(chǎn)行銷代理有限公司發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略淺析姓名許洛茗申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師孟林明20070401ABSTRACTTHEMARKETOFCHINAREALESTATEHASBEENBOOMINGTHESEYEARS，ANDTHEPRICEOFHOUSEISALSOHIGHERTHANEVERBEFORETHESTATUSOFREALESTATEINNATIONALECONOMYISSTEPPINGUPDAYBYDAYNOWREALESTATEBECOMESTHESUPPORTEDINDUSTRYINTHELONGTERMDEVELOPMENTOFNATIONALECONOMYTHUS，REALESTATEAGENCYBROKERSGROWWITHTHEBOOMINGOFREALESTATEHOWEVERWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFREALESTATEANDTHECONFORMITYOFBRANDSOFREALESTATEDEVELOPERCORPORATIONS，REALESTATEDEVELOPERSWILLDEMANDHIGHSPECIALTYONAGENCYBROKERS，ANDTHEAGENCYBROKERSDEFINITELYWILLBECONFRONTEDWITHINTENSIFYINGCOMPETITIONSOAGENCYBROKERSNEEDTOPREPAREFORDANGERINTIMESOFSAFETYBUILDUPTHECORECOMPETENCEOFCORPORATION，GETTINGREADYFORLONGTERMDEVELOPMENTNOWADAYS，MOSTOFAGENCYBROKERSDON’THAVEABUNDANTFUNDTHEYIGNORETHEBRANDBUILDINGANDCORPORATIONSTRATEGYSTUDYANDALWAYSFOCUSONTHESHORTTERMPROFITSOTHEYSTAYINTHELOWANDPASSIVESTATUSWHENⅡLEYCOOPERATEWITHTHEREALESTATEDEVELOPERSWITHTHEREALESTATEDEVELOPERSGROWSTRONGERANDSTRONGERTHEYBEGINTOBUILDUPTHEIROWNSALESTEAMANDHAVELESSLEANTOAGENCYBROKERSWECANEASYTOCONCLUDE，IFTHEAGENCYBROKERSDON’TCONSIDERTHEIRSTRATEGYLAYOUT，IT’SLIKELYTOSEETHATTLLEYWILLHARDLYEXISTINTHECRACKBETWEENTHEREALESTATEDEVELOPERSANDTHEHOUSEBUYERS，ANDTHESPACEOFTLLEIRMARKETWILLGETSMALLERANDSMALLERFURTHERMORE，THEWHOLEREALESTATEAGENCYBROKERSWILLBECONFRONTEDTHECRISISOFEXISTTHEPAPERANALYZESTHEACTUALITYANDTHEDEVELOPMENTORIENTATIONINFUTUREOFCHINAREALESTATEAGENCYSTUDYTHENECESSITYOFBUILDINGUPDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYINAREALESTATEAGENCYCORPORATIONTAKINGAREALESTATEAGENCYCORPORATIONINXIAMENYREALESTATEAGENCYCORPORATION蠲EXAMPLE，THEPAPERDISCUSSESTHELONGTERMSTRATEGYDEVELOPMENTORIENTATIONOFTHECORPORATION，ANDEXPOUNDSSOMESUGGESTIONSOFTHEIMPLEMENTATIONSCHEMEFORTHEDEVELOPMENTALSTRATEGIESOFYREALESTATEAGENCYCORPORATIONWITHTHESTRATEGYANALYZINGTOOLSANDSOMERELATIVETHEORYOFSTRATEGYTHEPAPER

簡介：燕山大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文公共服務(wù)外包委托代理問題研究姓名周春梅申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)管理科學(xué)與工程指導(dǎo)教師高其勛20060401燕山大學(xué)管理學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTCONTRACTINGOUTOFPUBLICSERVICESISTHATTHEMECHANISMOFMARKETCOMPETINGINTERVENESINTHEPROVISIONOFPUBLICSERVICES，PUBLICGOODSANDSERVICESAREPRODUCEDBYPRIVATESECTORNOTBYGOVERNMENT．GOVERNMENTTRANSFERSTHEFUNCTIONOFPUBLICSERVICESPRODUCTIONTOPRIVATESERVICESTHROUGHCONTRACT．ATPRESENT，MANYCOUNTRIESINTHEWORLDADOPTCONTRACTINGOUTTOREDUCEGOVERNMENTEXPENDITURE，HOLDBACKTHESIZEOFGOVERNMENT，IMPROVETHEQUALITYOFPUBLICSERVICES．ALTHOUGHTHESTUDYTOCONTRACTINGOUTHASBECOMEFOCUSOFWESTERNPUBLICADMINISTRATION,ITISBLANKINOURCOUNTRY．BASEDONPRINCIPALAGENTTHEORY，THISPAPERANALYZESTHEPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMSANDRELATIVECHOOSINGMECHANISM，INCENTIVERESTRAINTMECHANISMANDSUPERVISIONSYSTEMINCONTRACTINGOUTOFPUBLICSERVICESSYSTEM．ITALSOILLUSTRATESTHEWAYSTODESIGNTHESEMECHANISMSOFPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMS．ONTHISBASIS，ACOUNTERMEASURERESEARCHISCARRIEDOUTTOSOLVETHEPRINCIPALAGENTPROBLEMS．ATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHEPAPER，ITGIVESANILLUSTRATIONOFPRINCIPALAGENTRELATIONTHEORY．THISTHEORYTHINKS，THEINFORMATIONBETWEENTHECLIENTWITHOWNERSHIPANDAGENTWITHPOWEROFMANAGEMENTISDISTRIBUTEDASYMMETRICALLY．AGENTHASMOREINFORMATIONTHANTHECLIENT，WHICHRESULTSINCLIENTADVERSESELECTINGAGENTANDAGENTSMORALHAZARD．HOWEVER,SOLVINGTHEPRINCIPALAGENTORTHEKLJYSOFPROBLEMTOSETUPASETOFRATIONALALLOCATIONOFCHOOSING，INCENTIVERESTRAINTANDSUPERVISIONMECHANISM,THUSTOIMPELTHEAGENTTOTAKETHEPROPERACTION,PROMOTETHECLIENT’SINTERESTSTOTHEMAXIMUMEXTENT．THENTHEARTICLEILLUSTRATETHEPROBLEMSRESULTEDFROMCONTRACTINGOUTOFPUBLICSERVICES．THROUGHSTUDYINGTHEGENERALMODEL，ASPECIFICPLANOFSOLVINGPRINCIPAL‘AGENTPROBLEMISSUGGESTED．FIRST，BUILDINGSCIENTIFICCHOOSINGMECHANISM．INTHISSECTION,THISPAPERANALYZESTHEPROBLEMOFBIDINGANDTT