外文翻譯--基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制流水線設(shè)計(jì)

1、<p><b>　　中文3126字</b></p><p>　　基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制流水線設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　凌希裴，陳鵬，靖國(guó)，李燕文</p><p>　　210042江蘇南京，南京師范大學(xué)，電氣與自動(dòng)化工程學(xué)院</p><p>　　電子郵件：crystalpei2008@163.com，c.pen

2、g@ njnu.ed.cn</p><p>　　摘要：通過(guò)采用電子化和智能化技術(shù)，本文實(shí)現(xiàn)了力學(xué)和電子產(chǎn)品流水線包裝控制的有效整合。要達(dá)到這個(gè)目的，步進(jìn)電機(jī)是由一個(gè)單片微型計(jì)算機(jī)（SCM）式STC89C516RD+的控制。一旦LJ-JT02的光電開(kāi)關(guān)型檢測(cè)產(chǎn)品合格，信號(hào)給出了以供應(yīng)鏈管理為指導(dǎo)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)。此外，剪刀用于切斷包裝帶，這是由HRS4H-S-DC5V的繼電器類型實(shí)現(xiàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，上述設(shè)計(jì)的有效性。&l

3、t;/p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)（SCM）；步進(jìn)電機(jī)；驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片；接力</p><p><b>　　1 引言</b></p><p>　　在20世紀(jì)50年代到70年代，隨著電子和合成化學(xué)品的快速發(fā)展，對(duì)用合成材料作為包裝材料的一系列新的包裝技術(shù)和設(shè)備有很大的影響。例如，有高速自動(dòng)包裝機(jī)的機(jī)電一體化，容易操作的多功能包裝機(jī)和高生產(chǎn)率的自動(dòng)包裝機(jī)。這

4、些機(jī)器使包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)成為被看好的機(jī)械制造行業(yè)。雖然早在20世紀(jì)50年代中期就已經(jīng)有一些包裝機(jī)械廠出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)，然而生產(chǎn)率很低。在改革開(kāi)放之初，許多食品機(jī)械和包裝機(jī)械被介紹到中國(guó)，極大地促進(jìn)了行業(yè)發(fā)展。20世紀(jì)80年代后期，國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展對(duì)包裝機(jī)的需求量很大。而與此同時(shí)，很多傳統(tǒng)的用于生產(chǎn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的工廠，開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)包裝機(jī)械。在1997年底，包裝機(jī)械制造廠的數(shù)目已增至1600個(gè)左右，并有大約75個(gè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)從事包裝機(jī)械的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)。更重要的是

5、，大約有21所高校引入關(guān)于包裝機(jī)械的專業(yè)。因此，該行業(yè)在中國(guó)不僅要推進(jìn)，還應(yīng)進(jìn)一步提高。</p><p>　　未來(lái)具有微電腦和機(jī)電一體化的包裝機(jī)械將呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。一個(gè)完整的機(jī)電一體化系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)集成multidisciplines，如機(jī)械、微電子計(jì)算機(jī)和傳感器。它帶來(lái)了深刻的變化，通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)、制造和包裝機(jī)械的控制和改變industry.In來(lái)達(dá)到更快速地開(kāi)發(fā)。事情應(yīng)該這樣做才能提高包裝機(jī)械，機(jī)電一體化，產(chǎn)品的可

6、靠性和穩(wěn)定性的水平，因此，現(xiàn)代包裝產(chǎn)業(yè)將會(huì)進(jìn)一步得到改善。</p><p>　　在這項(xiàng)工作中，我們?cè)谀M包裝流水線的基礎(chǔ)上，由單片機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制。首先我們介紹的是硬件電路的整體設(shè)計(jì)和硬件的主要連接，然后描述了軟件設(shè)計(jì)和編程過(guò)程，最后我們證明了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的可行性，以及對(duì)包裝機(jī)械未來(lái)的展望。</p><p><b>　　2 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)</b></p>

7、<p>　　2.1 總體電路設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　為了便于實(shí)驗(yàn)，用剪刀和發(fā)光二極管代替部分由步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制的器件。當(dāng)發(fā)光二極管發(fā)光，這意味著相應(yīng)的端口輸出高電平。如果他們不亮，這意味著相應(yīng)的端口輸出低電平。一種光電開(kāi)關(guān)被安裝在傳送帶上，如果沒(méi)有產(chǎn)品通過(guò)時(shí)，光電開(kāi)關(guān)的紅外線接收器和發(fā)射設(shè)備被關(guān)閉，并且輸出為高電平。如果某些對(duì)象被傳遞，紅外線被中斷，它會(huì)立即輸出一個(gè)負(fù)脈沖。一旦單片機(jī)的輸入端口檢測(cè)到光

8、電開(kāi)關(guān)傳輸?shù)呢?fù)脈沖，單片機(jī)的輸出端會(huì)產(chǎn)生由程序控制的特殊電平，傳輸?shù)津?qū)動(dòng)芯片，使步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作。當(dāng)包裝的時(shí)間到了，單片機(jī)輸出脈沖信號(hào)給繼電器，使剪刀接近，切斷包裝帶。在這之后，剪刀再次打開(kāi)，等待下一次的行動(dòng)。</p><p><b>　　2.2 主要組件</b></p><p>　　2.2.1 步進(jìn)電機(jī)</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一臺(tái)將電

9、脈沖信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻俏灰苹蚓€位移的機(jī)器。步進(jìn)電機(jī)可以作為一個(gè)特殊的電機(jī)，用于控制其他機(jī)器。因?yàn)槠湔`差將不會(huì)被累積，所以被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種開(kāi)環(huán)控制電路。</p><p>　　2.2.2 STC89C516RD+</p><p>　　SCM是單片微型計(jì)算機(jī)的縮寫，其也被稱為微控制器。它是一種半導(dǎo)體芯片，集成了CPU，ROM，RAM，I / O接口，定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器，中斷系統(tǒng)和其他一些部件于一身，構(gòu)成

10、了一個(gè)完整的數(shù)字計(jì)算機(jī)。目前該供應(yīng)鏈管理已成功應(yīng)用于智能儀表，機(jī)電設(shè)備，過(guò)程控制，數(shù)據(jù)處理，自動(dòng)檢測(cè)，家用電器和其他一些領(lǐng)域。在本設(shè)計(jì)中，我們使用了宏景科技公司生產(chǎn)STC89C516RD+。 STC89C516RD+的工作電壓為5V，工作頻率范圍為0-80MHz，其實(shí)際的工作頻率一般為48MHZ。</p><p>　　2.2.3 L297</p><p>　　為了簡(jiǎn)化外圍電路，在此設(shè)計(jì)中

11、，我們采用步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片L297來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)它。 L297是步進(jìn)電機(jī)的一個(gè)專用控制器。它不僅可以生成四個(gè)控制信號(hào)，還可以控制兩相雙極和四相單極步進(jìn)電機(jī)。L297為20引腳塑料雙列直插器件。</p><p>　　2.2.4 繼電器</p><p>　　一個(gè)中繼被稱為一個(gè)開(kāi)關(guān)，它關(guān)閉時(shí)可在特殊條件下打開(kāi)。繼電器的開(kāi)關(guān)特性已被廣泛應(yīng)用于控制系統(tǒng)，尤其是在離散控制系統(tǒng)。在這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中，我們選擇電壓繼電

12、器HRS4H-S-DC5V，這是常用的電路保護(hù)器件，它可以提供過(guò)壓保護(hù)和低壓閉鎖。</p><p>　　HRS4H-S-DC5V的施加電壓為5V，它的吸合電壓為3.75V。</p><p>　　2.3 主設(shè)備的連接</p><p>　　2.3.1 單片機(jī)與L297之間的連接</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片L297，它只需要輸入的時(shí)鐘

13、，方向和模式信號(hào)是有效的。因此，在軟件編程的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)該做的唯一一件事就是從單片機(jī)的P1.1口產(chǎn)生高低電平交替的脈沖。與此同時(shí)，根據(jù)控制轉(zhuǎn)向和模式，使P1.3和P1.4端口都設(shè)置為高級(jí)或符合要求的狀態(tài)。</p><p>　　理論上P1.3和L297可以直接連接，但實(shí)際上微控制器的負(fù)荷使P1口的輸出電壓低且不穩(wěn)定。系統(tǒng)不能識(shí)別的高低電壓之間的過(guò)渡，因而P1.1不能輸出理想的脈沖到L297。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們使用

14、電壓跟隨器來(lái)連接單片機(jī)的輸出端口。它們可以維持和穩(wěn)定電壓。電壓跟隨器具有良好的抗干擾性，并且可以穩(wěn)定地輸出，因此它可以使電壓達(dá)到其驅(qū)動(dòng)電路的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。</p><p>　　2.3.2 L297與步進(jìn)電機(jī)之間的連接</p><p>　　7904是一個(gè)普通的門電路芯片，它由四個(gè)AND門構(gòu)成。IRLZ44N是增強(qiáng)型NMOS器件。</p><p>　　2.3.3 單片機(jī)與繼

15、電器之間的連接</p><p>　　原則上單片機(jī)的輸出端口可以直接連接到繼電器，但實(shí)驗(yàn)中單片機(jī)的輸出信號(hào)實(shí)際上是非常不穩(wěn)定的。由于負(fù)載的原因，P1.5的輸出電壓被拉低，因此它不能驅(qū)動(dòng)繼電器。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們使用光電耦合器來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)繼電器。光電耦合器具有良好的抗干擾性能，可以解決輸出的問(wèn)題，這使得電路變得可靠。繼電器VCC為12V，當(dāng)單片機(jī)P1.5輸出高電壓時(shí)，由于繼電器的作用，開(kāi)關(guān)打開(kāi)；當(dāng)P1.5輸出低電壓時(shí)，

16、開(kāi)關(guān)閉合。</p><p><b>　　3 軟件設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p><b>　　3.1 程序流程</b></p><p>　　當(dāng)沒(méi)有物體通過(guò)時(shí)，光電開(kāi)關(guān)輸出高電壓。一旦某些物體被檢測(cè)到，這個(gè)光電開(kāi)關(guān)的輸出立即產(chǎn)生一個(gè)下降沿信號(hào)，并將其輸入到單片機(jī)的P1.0口。然后單片機(jī)輸出的信號(hào)給步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器芯片的三個(gè)控制端

17、口：CLK（P1.1），CW（P1.3），HALF（P1.4），以此來(lái)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作。我們可以通過(guò)單片機(jī)定時(shí)器設(shè)定具體的包裝時(shí)間。包裝完成后，從P1.5口產(chǎn)生低電壓使繼電器立即導(dǎo)通，然后再次關(guān)閉打開(kāi)的開(kāi)關(guān)。這樣就完成切割包裝帶的工作。</p><p><b>　　3.2 編程</b></p><p>　　本設(shè)計(jì)中的程序是用C語(yǔ)言編寫的。C語(yǔ)言與匯編語(yǔ)言相比具有較

18、靈活，方便和緊湊的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。更重要的是它可以在一個(gè)大的領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用，具有良好的便攜性。我們選擇Keil C集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境，它具有Windows界面，有效地生成目標(biāo)代碼的特點(diǎn)。大多數(shù)匯編語(yǔ)言代碼生成非常緊湊，易于理解。然后，該程序是由具有操作方便的ISP，STC軟件下載到單片機(jī)的。主程序如下所示：</p><p>　　Void main () </p><p>　　{ ports(); </p

19、><p>　　Time()_init(); </p><p><b>　　While(1) </b></p><p>　　{ if(P1^0==0) </p><p><b>　　……. </b></p><p><b>　　}</b></p>

20、<p><b>　　}</b></p><p>　　光電開(kāi)關(guān)的信號(hào)由查詢模式檢測(cè)。與中斷子程序中，相應(yīng)的微控制器產(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)換的高低電壓。中斷子程序如下圖所示：</p><p>　　P1^1=0; </p><p>　　delay(m); </p><p><b>

21、　　P1^1=1; </b></p><p>　　delay(m); </p><p><b>　　P1^3= 0; </b></p><p>　　P1^4= 0; </p><p>　　在主程序中該中斷子程序被調(diào)用多次。被用來(lái)產(chǎn)生脈沖，以驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作。在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，我們?cè)O(shè)置全步和反向模式，它在中斷子程

22、序中可以看出。</p><p><b>　　4 測(cè)試結(jié)果</b></p><p>　　最后將程序燒寫到單片機(jī)中，來(lái)完成完整的硬件電路。為了便于實(shí)驗(yàn)，單片機(jī)的三個(gè)輸出端口：P1.1，P1.3，P1.4，應(yīng)連接到L297再連接到三個(gè)發(fā)光二極管，如圖6，光發(fā)光二極管以發(fā)光來(lái)判斷輸出高電壓。因此，他們滅，表示從單片機(jī)輸出低電壓。為了便于觀察，該繼電器的輸出端連接一個(gè)發(fā)光二極管

23、，而不是剪刀。在開(kāi)始時(shí)，四個(gè)光發(fā)二極管全都發(fā)光。</p><p>　　實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)光電開(kāi)關(guān)檢測(cè)到某些對(duì)象時(shí)，P1.1的發(fā)光二極管開(kāi)始閃爍，表示產(chǎn)生脈沖，同時(shí)P1.3和P1.4的發(fā)光二極管立即熄滅，表示步進(jìn)馬達(dá)開(kāi)始正向和半步模式工作。一段時(shí)間后，連接到所述延遲器輸出的發(fā)光二極管亮起后立即熄滅，表示開(kāi)關(guān)打開(kāi)，然后再關(guān)閉。該行為是指剪刀切斷包裝膠帶，然后再打開(kāi)，等待下一步的行動(dòng)。</p><p

24、><b>　　5 結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　該實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Mpipeling控制的進(jìn)程，由單片機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)。值得注意的是，在實(shí)踐中，輸出電壓被下拉是因?yàn)樨?fù)載低且不穩(wěn)定，因此，電壓跟隨器和光電耦合器在這里是為了防干擾。</p><p>　　本文結(jié)合單片機(jī)和步進(jìn)電機(jī)來(lái)模擬包裝生產(chǎn)線控制?？梢酝ㄟ^(guò)用單片機(jī)編程，而不是模擬通道或數(shù)字電路來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。這種控制技術(shù)，可以提高

25、系統(tǒng)的性能，不依賴于硬件，但需要軟件評(píng)測(cè)，這就是所謂的微控制技術(shù)。隨著微控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展，全自動(dòng)和智力水平將在包裝行業(yè)得到不斷的提高。</p><p>　　Pipelining Design Controlled by Stepper Motor Based on SCM </p><p>　　LingXi Pei, Chen Peng, Jing Guo, LiYan Wen</p&

26、gt;<p>　　School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042 </p><p>　　E-mail: crystalpei2008@163.com, c.peng@njnu.ed.cn</p><p>　　Abstrac

27、t: By employing electronics and intelligent technology, this paper realizes an effective integration of mechanics and electronics in pipelining packing control. To achieve this aim, stepper motor is controlled by a singl

28、e-chip microcomputer(SCM) type of STC89C516RD+. Once the photoelectric switch type of LJ-JT02 detects products passing, signals are given out to SCM to direct the stepper motor. Furthermore, the scissors are used to cut

29、off the package tape, which are realized by a relay t</p><p>　　Keyword: Single-chip Microcomputer(SCM); Stepper Motor; Driving-chip; Relay</p><p>　　1 INTRODUCTION</p><p>　　During t

30、he 1950s to 1970s, with the rapid development of electronics and synthetic chemicals, the packaging machinery has been influenced a lot, and there were a series of new packaging technology and equipment based on syntheti

31、c materials as packing materials. For example, there were high-speed automated packaging machines of electromechanical integration, multi-functional packaging machines which are easy to operate and automatic packaging ma

32、chines with high productivity. Those machines made t</p><p>　　In the future the packaging machinery has a growing tendency for the application of microcomputer and electromechanical integration. A complete m

33、echatronics system is a system to integrate multidisciplines such as machinery, computers microelectronics and sensors. It brings profound changes to the design, manufacturing and control of packaging machinery and chang

34、es the situation of the industry.In order to develop more quickly, something should be done to improve the level of packaging machinery</p><p>　　In this work, we simulate the control process of packaging ass

35、embly line based on stepper motor which is operated by SCM. First we introduce the overall design of hardware circuit and the main connection of hardware, and then describe the software design and programming ideas, at l

36、ast we testify the feasibility of the design by experiment, as well as prospect for the future packaging machinery.</p><p>　　2 HARDWARE CIRCUIT DESIGN</p><p>　　2.1 Overall Circuit Design</p

37、><p>　　To facilitate the experiment, the parts of scissors and stepper motor are instead by light-emitting diodes. When the light-emitting diodes are light, that means the corresponding ports output high level.

38、 While they are not light, that means the corresponding ports output low level. A photoelectric switch is installed on the conveyor belt. If there is no product passing, the infrared receiver and transmitter devices of t

39、he photoelectric switch are closed and the output is high level. If some obje</p><p>　　2.2 Main Components</p><p>　　2.2.1 Stepper Motor</p><p>　　A stepper motor is a machine which

40、 transmits electrical pulse signals into angular or linear displacement. The stepper motor can be used as a special motor for controlling other machines because its errors will not be accumulated. It is widely used in a

41、variety of occasions of open-loop. </p><p>　　2.2.2 STC89C516RD+ </p><p>　　SCM is an abbreviation of a single-chip micro-computer, which is also known as a micro-controller. It is a semiconducto

42、r chip, integrated by a CPU, ROM, RAM, I/O interface, timer/counter, interruption systems and some other components, constituting a complete digital computer. At present SCM has been successfully used in intelligent inst

43、ruments, electromechanical devices, process controls, data processing, automatic detection, household appliances and some other fields. In this design we use STC</p><p>　　2.2.3 L297</p><p>　　To

44、 simplify the external circuit, in this design we use a stepper motor driver chip L297 to drive it. L297 is a special controller for stepper motors. It can generate four control signals. It can control two-phase bipolar

45、and four-phase unipolar stepper motors. The device is 20-pin of plastic dual in-line.</p><p>　　2.2.4 Relay</p><p>　　A relay is known as a switch. It closes or opens in special conditions. The s

46、witching characteristics of the relay has been widely applied in many control systems, especially in a discrete control system. In this design we select voltage relay HRS4H-S-DC5V which is commonly used in circuit protec

47、tion devices for over-voltage protection or low-voltage lockout. </p><p>　　The applied voltage of HRS4H-S-DC5V is 5V, and its pick-up voltage is 3.75V.</p><p>　　2.3 Connection of the Main Devic

48、es</p><p>　　2.3.1 Connection between SCM and L297 </p><p>　　The stepper motor driver chip L297 has an advantage that it just needs inputting signals of clock, direction and mode. So in the prog

49、ress of software programming, the only thing which should be done is to produce high-low alternating pulses from P1.1 port of SCM. At the same time, to control the steering and mode, P1.3 and P1.4 ports are set to high -

50、 level or low-level on request.</p><p>　　Theoretically speaking P1.3 and L297 can be connected directly, but actually the loads of microcontroller make the output voltage of P1 port low and unstable. The sys

51、tem could not identify the transition between the high and low voltages and thus P1.1 can not output ideal pulses to the L297. In order to solve this problem, we use voltage followers to connect the output ports of SCM.

52、They are to maintain and stabilize voltage. The voltage follower has good interference immunity and can output sta</p><p>　　2.3.2 Connection Between L297 and Stepper Motor </p><p>　　7904 is a

53、common gate circuit chip, which is formed by four AND gates. IRLZ44N is enhanced NMOS. </p><p>　　2.3.3 Connection Between SCM and Relay </p><p>　　In principle the output ports of SCM can be con

54、nected to the relay directly. In the experiment the output of SCM is actually very unstable, and the output voltage of P1.5 is pulled down low because of the loads, so it can not drive the relay. To solve the problem, we

55、 use optocoupler to drive the relay. The optocoupler has good anti-interference performance and can effectly solve the output problem, which makes the circuit more reliable. Then VCC of relay is 12V. when P1.5 of SCM out

56、puts high-vol</p><p>　　3 SOFTWARE DESIGN</p><p>　　3.1 Program Flow</p><p>　　When there is no object passing, the photoelectric switch outputs high-voltage. Once some object is det

57、ected, the output of the photoelectric switch generates a falling edge signal immediately, and input it to P1.0 of SCM. Then SCM outputs desired signals to the three control ports of stepper motor driver chip: CLK (P1.1)

58、, CW (P1.3), HALF (P1.4) to control the stepper motor to work. We can set specific packaging time through the SCM timer. After finishing packaging, a moment low-voltage from P1.</p><p>　　3.2 Programming <

59、;/p><p>　　In this design the program is written in C language. C has the advantages of both the high-level language and assemble language. It is flexible, convenient and compact in structure. What’s more it can

60、 be applied in a large of fields and has good portability. We choose Keil C language integrated development environment which shows Windows interface that generates object codes efficiently. The majority of assembly lang

61、uage codes generated are very compact and easy to understand. Then the program i</p><p>　　Void main () </p><p>　　{ ports(); </p><p>　　Time()_init(); </p><p><b>　　

62、While(1) </b></p><p>　　{ if(P1^0==0) </p><p><b>　　……. </b></p><p><b>　　}</b></p><p><b>　　}</b></p><p>　　The signa

63、ls of photoelectric switch are detected by query mode. With interruption subroutine, the corresponding microcontroller produces conversion of high and low voltages. The interruption subroutine is shown as below. </p&

64、gt;<p>　　P1^1=0; </p><p>　　delay(m); </p><p><b>　　P1^1=1; </b></p><p>　　delay(m); </p><p><b>　　P1^3= 0; </b></p>

65、;<p>　　P1^4= 0; </p><p>　　In main program this interruption subroutine is called for several times. That generates pulses to drive the stepper motor to work. In this experiment we set full-step and r

66、everse mode, which can be seen in the interruption subroutine.</p><p>　　4 TEST RESULTS </p><p>　　After the hardware circuit is built completely, the program is burnt into the SCM. In order to e

67、asy the experiment, the three output ports of SCM, P1.1, P1.3, P1.4, which should be connected to L297, is connected to three light emitting diodes, as shown in Figure 6. That the light emitting diodes are light means to

68、 output high voltage. And that they are off means to output low voltage from SCM. In order to facilitate observation, the output of the relay is also connected to a light-emitting diod</p><p>　　The results o

69、f the experiment show that when some object is passing the transmitter and the receiver of the photoelectric switch, that is to say, when the photoelectric switch detects some object, the light-emitting diode of P1.1 beg

70、ins to flash, which shows pulses are generated. At the same time the light-emitting diodes of P1.3 and P1.4 are off immediately, which means the stepper motor begins to work with the forward and half-step mode. After a p

71、eriod of time, the light-emitting diode connect</p><p>　　5 CONCLUSION</p><p>　　This experiment simulates the progress of the pipeling control, using stepper motor driven by SCM. It is noteworth

72、y that in practice the output voltage is pulled down to be low and unstable because of the loads, so voltage follower and optocouplers are introduced here for anti-interference. </p><p>　　This article combi

73、nes SCM and the stepper motor to simulate packaging lines control. This can be achieved by SCM with programming instead of mimic channel or digital circuits. </p><p>　　This control-technology which can impro

74、ve the system performance does not dependent on hardware but onsoftware. It is called the micro-control technology. With the development of micro-control technology, the automatical and intellectual level will be improve