【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考（新課標(biāo)版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)選修六　unit 4　global warming 教師配套課件

1、Unit 4　Global warming——全球變暖,,,本節(jié)目錄,,基礎(chǔ)盤點(diǎn)自測(cè)自評(píng),考點(diǎn)串講講練互動(dòng),[核心單詞]1．___________ adj.胡亂的;任意的2．________n．種類;范圍3．________ vi.看一下;掃視n.一瞥4．______________adj.分布廣的;普遍的5．_________adj.平均的6．_____________ vt.擁護(hù);提倡;主張7．________ adj

2、.隨便的;漫不經(jīng)心的;偶然的8．________________ n．環(huán)境;情況9．__________ vt.使恢復(fù);使振作10．_______________n．現(xiàn)象→phenomena pl.現(xiàn)象,random,range,glance,widespread,average,advocate,casual,circumstance,refresh,phenomenon,11．_________ n．量;數(shù)量→quality

3、n．質(zhì)量12．_______ vi.趨向;易于;照顧;vt.照顧;護(hù)理→tendency n．傾向;趨勢(shì)13．__________ vt.反對(duì);反抗;與(某人)較量→opposed adj.反對(duì)的;對(duì)立的14．____________ n．結(jié)果;后果;影響→consequently adv.因此;所以15．________ vt.陳述;說(shuō)明→statement n．說(shuō)明;說(shuō)法;表白16．________ adj.平穩(wěn)的;持續(xù)

4、的;穩(wěn)固的→steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地;持續(xù)地17．__________ n．生存;存在→exist vi.存在18．______________n．貢獻(xiàn)→contribute v．貢獻(xiàn);撰稿,quantity,tend,oppose,consequence,state,steady,existence,contribution,[高頻短語(yǔ)]1．______________　發(fā)生;造成2．_______________

5、同意;贊成;訂購(gòu)3．______________ 大量的4．_________ 上升;增長(zhǎng);升起5．___________ 導(dǎo)致6．_______________ 反對(duì)……7．__________ 即使,come about,subscribe to,quantities of,go up,result in,be opposed to,even if,8．___________ 繼續(xù)9．_____________

6、____ 大體上;基本上10．_____________代表……一方;作為……的代言人11．______________ 忍受;容忍12．____________ 只要13．____________ 等等,keep on,on the whole,on behalf of,put up with,so long as,and so on,[典型句式]1．There is no doubt that...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……_

7、______________________the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),地球是在變暖,而地球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致而成,并非是一種無(wú)規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)It

8、means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere_________ the global temperature to go up.這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球氣溫上升.,There is no doubt that,causing,3．賓語(yǔ)從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句They also agree that it is the burning o

9、f more and more fossil fuels _____________________this increase in carbon dioxide. 他們還贊同正是由于越來(lái)越多燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。4．so long as“只要”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on ____________you are using it — if n

10、ot,turn it off！只要你在使用電器設(shè)備,你可以讓它開(kāi)著,如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！,that has resulted in,so long as,5．even if “即使;盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句_________________________the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on wa

11、rming for decades or centuries.即使我們開(kāi)始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量,在未來(lái)幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi),氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。,Even if we start reducing,[單元語(yǔ)法]it用法(Ⅱ)1．(2013·山東省諸城市高三月考)________ will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of Engl

12、ish.A．What B．WhichC．That D．It解析：選D。考查it用法。it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式to have a good knowledge of English。句意：懂英語(yǔ)將變得越來(lái)越重要。,2．(2013·河北省高三教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)When asked to explain ________ made his lessons so exciting, the teacher k

13、ept silent.A．what it was that B．that what it wasC．what was it that D．that what was it解析：選A?？疾閕t用法。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)起是什么讓他的課如此令人興奮時(shí),這位老師沉默了?！皐hat it was that made his lessons so exciting”是賓語(yǔ)從句,因此要用陳述語(yǔ)序。從句中含有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是從句的主語(yǔ)

14、what。,3．(2012·成都部分高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Is it he or you ________in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?A．who is B．that is C．who are D．whom are解析：選C。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及主謂一致。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語(yǔ)he or you,根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)“It i

15、s/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他”,首先排除D;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)所強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)he or you確定,or連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)采用就近一致原則,因此根據(jù)you確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為are。,4．(2013·長(zhǎng)沙模擬)________was it that your brother managed to pass the math exam last week？He’s always so lazy.A．Where

16、B．HowC．When D．What解析：選B?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。根據(jù)“He’s always so lazy.”可推知,此處表示“你的哥哥是如何通過(guò)上周的數(shù)學(xué)考試的”,故how當(dāng)選。特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式是“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋從句(用陳述語(yǔ)序)?”句意：你的哥哥是如何通過(guò)上周的數(shù)學(xué)考試的？他總是那么懶。,5．—Can I ask you a few straightforward questio

17、ns about yourself?—No problem.I like ________when people are open and direct.A．that B．thisC．it D．them解析：選C?？疾榇~it的用法。I like it when...是固定句式,表示“我喜歡……”,it無(wú)實(shí)義。,[單詞精研]1.subscribe　vi.同意;捐贈(zèng);訂閱vt.簽署(文件)(牛津P2014)Th

18、e authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.當(dāng)局不再支持殘疾人不適宜做教師的觀點(diǎn)。歸納拓展(1) subscribe to向……捐……; 訂閱……; 預(yù)訂……; 簽名認(rèn)可,同意……(2)subscribe name 簽名 subscribe a will 在遺囑上簽字,①I was

19、 unwilling to subscribe to the contract, but it seemed that I had no choice.我不愿在合同上簽字,可又似乎別無(wú)選擇。②My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep the pace of advances in science.我訂閱《新科學(xué)家》的主要原因是要跟上科學(xué)的進(jìn)步。③Don’

20、t go and ask for her idea about our plan.Never will she subscribe to it for the trip.不要去問(wèn)她對(duì)我們這個(gè)計(jì)劃的想法。她不會(huì)同意這次旅行的。,2.quantity　n．量;數(shù)量;數(shù)目,數(shù)額(教材P26) The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into

21、 the atmosphere.當(dāng)我們向空氣中排放大量多余的二氧化碳的時(shí)候,問(wèn)題就開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生了。歸納拓展(1)in quantity＝(in large amounts)　大量;很多(2)a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的quantities of 大量;許多,①(朗文P1667)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.大批量購(gòu)買

22、這些卡片要便宜些。②As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity of desert has covered the land.由于破壞了森林,大量的沙漠覆蓋了陸地。③As far as I’m concerned,it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.依我看來(lái),重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。,【溫馨提

23、示】　(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。(2)“a quantity of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。④With more forests destroyed,huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.隨著更多的森林被毀,

24、每年有大量肥沃的泥土被沖走。⑤A large quantity of air-conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.因?yàn)闅鉁睾芨?大量空調(diào)都售出了。,3.oppose　vt.反對(duì);反抗;與(某人)較量(2012·高考廣東卷·閱讀理解B)I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby

25、 regularly.我一貫反對(duì)定時(shí)給嬰兒喂食。歸納拓展(1)oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth.反對(duì)某事/做某事/某人做某事object to (doing)sth.反對(duì)(做)某事(2)be opposed to反對(duì)……,①The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone.父母極力反對(duì)女兒?jiǎn)为?dú)去那里。②(外研⑧－

26、4)We will oppose prejudice against black people and resist conflict between Americans.我們會(huì)反對(duì)對(duì)黑人的歧視并且抵制美國(guó)人之間的沖突。③(朗文P1437) Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees working a lot of overtime.大多數(shù)公司老板說(shuō),他們反對(duì)雇員頻

27、繁加班。④To put it in a more simple way, what we are opposed to is political discrimination.說(shuō)得更簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn),我們所反對(duì)的是政治歧視。,4.range　n. 范圍; 射程; 類別; (山脈,房屋等的)排列v．變動(dòng),變化;排列(2012·高考江西卷·閱讀表達(dá))Collecting stamps with themes is esp

28、ecially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them.　以某一主題集郵在青少年中很受歡迎,因?yàn)樗麄冇泻艽蟮倪x擇余地。歸納拓展(1)a wide range of　　 一系列……;各種各樣in/within range 在射程以內(nèi),在……范圍內(nèi)beyond/out of range 在射程外,在……范圍外(2)ra

29、nge from...to... 在……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)range between...and... 在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)(3) wide-ranging adj. 范圍很廣的;向深處延伸的;遙遠(yuǎn)的,①M(fèi)aybe the question is beyond the range of human understanding.或許這個(gè)問(wèn)題超越了人類理解的范圍。②College students are of many diffe

30、rent ages and come from a wide range of social,cultural and economic backgrounds.大學(xué)生們年齡參差不齊,有著不同的社會(huì)、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景。③Normally the temperature here ranges from ten to thirty degrees.正常情況下,這兒的氣溫在十至三十度之間。④There was a wide­ra

31、nging exchange of views on the matters of common concern.雙方就共同關(guān)心的廣泛?jiǎn)栴}交換了更深層次的看法。,5.average　adj.平均的;普通的;正常的;平常的　n．平均數(shù);平均水平;一般水準(zhǔn)　v．計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù)(2012·高考四川卷·閱讀理解E)Scientists believe the world’s average temperature h

32、as risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900.　科學(xué)家認(rèn)為自1900年以來(lái),世界平均溫度已經(jīng)升高了約0.8℃.歸納拓展(1)an average of　　　　平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)(2)on (the) average 平均起來(lái)above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下up to average 達(dá)到平均數(shù);達(dá)到一般水準(zhǔn)(3)average out 算出平均數(shù),①On averag

33、e,people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.通常,不吸煙的人比吸煙的人健康。②Tom’s work at school is above (the)average,while Harry’s is below (the) average.湯姆在學(xué)校的功課在一般以上,而哈利的功課在一般以下。③Don’t expect too much of him.After a

34、ll,he is a child of average intelligence.不要對(duì)他期望太大。畢竟,他的智力水平一般。④The economy has grown at a remarkable rate,averaging almost 10 percent per annual.經(jīng)濟(jì)以驚人的速度增長(zhǎng),每年平均增長(zhǎng)率將近百分之十。,6.glance　vi.看一下,掃視　n．一瞥(教材P27)Glance quickly

35、at the magazine article and answer the questions.快速瀏覽一下這篇雜志文章,然后回答問(wèn)題。歸納拓展(1)glance at/over/through瀏覽;匆匆地看一眼(2) at a glance一眼;立刻at first glance乍一看;乍看之下take/have a glance at匆匆看一眼,①But,as he glanced down the page,a no

36、tice caught his eye.但他往下瀏覽時(shí),有則布告吸引了他的眼球。②He glanced quickly over his shoulder to see if he was being followed.他匆匆向后瞥了一眼,看看是不是被人跟蹤了。③I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.我掃視了一下大

37、廳,發(fā)現(xiàn)觀眾中有許多熟悉的面孔。[易混辨析] glance,glare,stare,[巧思妙解]用glance,glare,stare填空(1)He walked and ____________ at his watch now and then.(2)They ____________ at each other across the table after the quarrel.(3)It is bad mann

38、ers to ____________ at strangers in the public.,glanced,glared,stare,7.circumstance　n．環(huán)境;情況(通常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式)(教材P30)Recycle cans,bottles,plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.如果情況允許的話,回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和報(bào)紙。歸納拓展i

39、n/under the circumstances 在這種情況下;情況既然如此in/under no circumstances 決不,無(wú)論如何都不(放句首時(shí)主句用倒裝語(yǔ)序),①(牛津P344)Under the circumstances,it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.在這種情況下,不告訴他有關(guān)這次事故的情況似乎更好。②(人教⑩－1)Our circu

40、mstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever return alive.我們處于山窮水盡的境地,不知道能不能活著回去。③She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.她明確表示,無(wú)論如何她都不會(huì)取消旅行。④Under no circumstan

41、ces will her parents allow her to marry such a selfish man.無(wú)論如何她的父母都不會(huì)讓她跟這樣自私的人結(jié)婚。,[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.完成句子1．_____________________(匆匆看了……之后)at the patient,the doctor rang for an ambulance.2．Now many companies ___________________

42、___________ (更關(guān)心質(zhì)量)than quantity.3．In some supermarkets,prices of items go up and down ______________(隨意的)．,After a quick glance,are more concerned with quality,at random,4．We ____________________(堅(jiān)決反對(duì))helping the young

43、 man addicted to alcohol.5．—Rose lost her job again.—Don’t worry.There is __________________(大量工作)for girls of her age.6．________________(平均起來(lái)),men smoke more cigarettes than women in China.,are firmly opposed to,a qu

44、antity of work,On average,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(2013·浙江紹興質(zhì)檢)—Do you ________to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?—Absolutely not.I think it is just on the rise.A．a(chǎn)ppeal　　　　　　　B．opposeC．subscribe D．respond

45、解析：選C。句意：——你同意她關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的悲觀看法嗎？——完全不。我認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)在回升。subscribe to同意;appeal to吸引,呼吁,求助于;oppose to反對(duì);respond to對(duì)……做出回應(yīng)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知C項(xiàng)正確。,2．(2011·高考天津卷)He was a good student and scored________average in most subjects.A．below B．of

46、C．on D．a(chǎn)bove解析：選D。考查介詞辨析。句意：他是個(gè)好學(xué)生,而且大部分課程的成績(jī)高于平均分。above average高于平均水平; below average低于平均水平;on average按平均計(jì)算。根據(jù)a good student可知D項(xiàng)正確。,3．(2013·江蘇鹽城中學(xué)檢測(cè))Under no circumstances,I was warned,________to give the passwo

47、rd to someone else.A．could I B．I couldC．I was D．was I解析：選D?？疾榈寡b語(yǔ)序。帶有否定詞的短語(yǔ)Under no circumstances 位于句首時(shí),句子應(yīng)該采用部分倒裝的形式;因?yàn)楸揪涞闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不定式,因此選D。,4．—Why does the lake smell terrible?—Because large quantities of water___

48、_____.A．have polluted B．is being pollutedC．has been polluted D．have been polluted解析：選D?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致問(wèn)題。句意：——這湖水怎么這么難聞？——因?yàn)榇罅康乃呀?jīng)被污染了。water與pollute為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故排除A項(xiàng);B項(xiàng)表示“正被污染”, 故排除;large quantities of后加名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與quantiti

49、es保持一致,故排除C項(xiàng),答案為D項(xiàng)。,5．Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n)_____ of 40,000 per year.A．a(chǎn)verage B．numberC．a(chǎn)mount D．quantity解析：選A。an average of...平均是……。句意：去年畢業(yè)就有

50、駕照的學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到20萬(wàn),平均每年4萬(wàn)。,6．This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A．division B．a(chǎn)reaC．range D．circle解析：選C?？疾槊~辨析。foods后面的定語(yǔ)從句that suit all taste

51、s and pockets(適合各種口味和消費(fèi)層次)說(shuō)明“該飯店的食物多種多樣”,所以應(yīng)該用range。division“劃分;分開(kāi)”;area“區(qū)域”;circle“圓圈;環(huán)”。,[短語(yǔ)精釋]1.come about　發(fā)生;造成(教材P26)So how has this come about and does it matter?那么,這種情況是如何發(fā)生的？會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么影響呢？①(牛津P386)Can you tell me

52、how the accident came about？你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？②I’ll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.我真不明白這么短的路程你怎么會(huì)遲到一個(gè)小時(shí)。,[易混辨析] come about,happen,take place,break out,[巧思妙解]用come

53、 about,happen,take place,break out填空(1)A fire ____________during the night and caused a great damage.(2)Luckily the earthquake didn’t ____________in the center of the city.(3)How did it ____________ that the dairy pro

54、ducts were harmful to children?(4)Great changes _________________ in our school in the past few years.,broke out,happen,come about,have taken place,2.result in　導(dǎo)致(教材P26)They also agree that it is the burning of more an

55、d more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.　他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn)：正是由于越來(lái)越多地燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。歸納拓展(1)result from...由……造成;因……而產(chǎn)生(2)as a result結(jié)果as a result of...由于……的結(jié)果with the result that...其結(jié)果是……,①A

56、s we know, with the development of economy, the number of cars is increasing very rapidly, thus resulting in some social problems.眾所周知,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,小汽車的數(shù)量在迅速增加,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致了諸多社會(huì)問(wèn)題。②They never give up when in trouble and hold the fir

57、m belief that success results from hard work.在困境面前,他們從不放棄并堅(jiān)信成功來(lái)自于努力工作。③About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.20世紀(jì)90年代約有2100萬(wàn)人死于吸煙。,3.put up with　容忍;忍受(2011·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)I can put up wit

58、h the house being untidy,but I hate it if it’s not clean.我可以容忍房間里不整齊,但是我討厭它不干凈。歸納拓展(1)put up with/bear/stand/tolerate 容忍,忍受(2)put aside　　　節(jié)省,儲(chǔ)蓄,儲(chǔ)存put away 收起來(lái)put forward 提出建議;把……向前撥put off 延期,推遲put out 熄滅,撲滅

59、put through 接通電話put up 提出;推薦;留某人住下,①(牛津P1615)I’m not going to put up with their smoking any longer.我再也不能容忍他們抽煙了。②Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket-money to buy Christmas presents.應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們省下一部分零花錢來(lái)

60、買圣誕禮物。③He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting up for the night at the hotel.他決定開(kāi)車回鎮(zhèn)上,不在旅館過(guò)夜。④One moment please,I’m just trying to put you through.請(qǐng)等一下,我這就給你接通電話。,[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.選詞填空put up with；glan

61、ce at；on the whole；come about；subscribe to；result from1．________________the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern.2．Bessie has always________________the view that children should be given respo

62、nsibility from an early age.3．How does it ________________that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?,On the whole,subscribed to,come about,4．However,pollution and other serious problems have also _______

63、_________ human progress.5．I can’t ______________her another day—she never stops complaining.6．He ______________ me but he kept on talking with the others,putting me in an embarrassing situation.,resulted from,put up w

64、ith,glanced at,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(2013·湖北穩(wěn)派密卷)Li Hua,who was busy preparing a report,couldn’t________ the loud noise,so he kept all the windows shut all day long.A．put up with　　　　　　B．come up withC．catch up with D．keep

65、 up with解析：選A。句意：正在忙于準(zhǔn)備一篇報(bào)道的李華不能容忍如此大的噪音,于是他整天把窗戶關(guān)上。A項(xiàng)“容忍,忍受”,B項(xiàng)“找到,拿出,提出”,C項(xiàng)“趕上”,D項(xiàng)“熟悉,了解,跟上”。,2．My mother opened the drawer to __________ the knives and spoons.A．put away B．put upC．put on D．put together解析：選A

66、。句意：我媽媽打開(kāi)抽屜把刀子和勺子放好。put away把……放好;put up舉起,升起;put on穿上(衣服),上演;put together把……放在一起。由句意可知選A。,3．Her efforts resulted________her success while her brother’s failure resulted________his laziness.A．from;from B．from;inC．i

67、n;from D．in;in解析：選C?？疾榻樵~。result in導(dǎo)致;result from因……而產(chǎn)生,由……造成。,4．—How did it________that you made such a silly mistake?—I myself haven’t figured it out yet.A．bring about B．come aboutC．come across D．come on解

68、析：選B。考查句型How does/did it come about that...？意為：“……是怎么回事？”;bring about導(dǎo)致,引起;come across偶然碰到;come on加油。,[句型精析]1.(教材P27)Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is goin