【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考（新課標版）一輪復習選修八　unit 3　inventors and inventions 教師配套課件

1、選修八 UNITS 3~5,句型公式·妙筆生花有關(guān)寫“求職信”的經(jīng)典句式1．I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I’m really interested in this position and hope that I can obtain a chance to work in your compa

2、ny.從報紙上得知你們公司招聘一名英文秘書,我對該職位非常感興趣,希望獲得機會在貴公司上班。2．Please allow me to make a brief introduction of myself.I’m Li Hua,a girl born in June,1993.I’m graduating from Beijing University this coming June with each course excell

3、ent.請允許我簡單自我介紹,我是李華,出生于1993年6月。今年六月將以各科優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)于北京大學。,3．In addition,I’m a girl easy to get along with and I like making friends too.此外,我是一個容易相處且喜歡交朋友的女孩。4．What is most important for me is that I have got a part­ti

4、me job,from which I got some valuable experience.最重要的是我從事過兼職工作,從工作中我獲得了一些寶貴的經(jīng)驗。5．I’ll greatly appreciate it if I’m offered the chance and I’m looking foward to your early reply!如果給我一次機會我將感激不盡,盼望你早日回復！,6．I would apprec

5、iate it if you could take the trouble to provide me with some information and send me the necessary application materials.By the way,my email address is Lihua93@ sina.com.如果你能給我提供一些信息且送給我必要的申請材料我將感激不盡。順便說一下,我的郵箱地址是Lihua

6、93@.sina.com。,Unit 3　Inventors and inventions——發(fā)明家及其發(fā)明,,,本節(jié)目錄,,基礎(chǔ)盤點自測自評,考點串講講練互動,[核心單詞]1．_________ vi.&vt.顯示……的差別;使……有所不同;辨別2．________n．產(chǎn)品3．_________ adj.被動的;消極的;被動語態(tài)的4．_______ vt.抓住;捉住;奪5．______ n．文件;檔案;文件夾vt.提

7、交;將……歸檔6．_______ vt.忍受;忍耐;負擔7．_____ vt.&vi.輕打;輕拍;輕敲n.輕輕地敲擊(聲);(水)龍頭8．_________ n．(水或氣)流;電流adj.現(xiàn)在的;當前的9．________ adj.穩(wěn)固的;穩(wěn)定的;安定的10．__________ adj.實際的;實踐的;實用的,distinguish,product,passive,seize,file,bear,tap,curre

8、nt,stable,practical,11．__________ n．能力;勝任;本領(lǐng)12．________ adj.寬大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy n.寬大;仁慈13．_______ adj.突然的;意外的→abruptly adv.突然地;唐突地14．___________ adj.便利的;方便的,就近的→convenience n．方便,便利→conveniently adv.便利地,方便地15．_________

9、 n．小心;謹慎→cautious adj.小心的,謹慎的→cautiously adv.小心地;謹慎地16．____________ n．預(yù)料;期待;期望→expect v．預(yù)料;期待;期望;認為17.________adj.清白的;無罪的;天真的→innocence n.天真,清白18．_________ vt.聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系n.同伴,伙伴→association n．社團;協(xié)會;聯(lián)合;聯(lián)想,competence,merciful

10、,abrupt,convenient,caution,expectation,innocent,associate,[高頻短語]1．_________　　給……打電話2．_____________偶爾;有時3．__________開始;著手4．__________迅速把手伸入;一心投入5．_______________開始(做)6．_________不掛斷;稍等;緊緊握住7．____________次序顛倒;發(fā)生故障8．

11、___________設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話);(設(shè)法)做完;通過9．___________回復電話10．_________掛斷電話,call up,now and then,set about,dive into,set out (to do),hang on,out of order,get through,ring back,ring off,[典型句式]1．祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句Follow it up, exp

12、lore all around it, and before you know it, ____________________________thinking about to occupy your mind.跟蹤下去, 不斷探索, 不知不覺中,你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)某種值得思考的東西占據(jù)著你的頭腦。2．分詞作狀語①______________ some research findings, I decided on three possi

13、ble approaches...經(jīng)過一番研究準備之后,我決定采用三種可能的方法……②But___________________,they tried to bite me.它們一被撿起來,就試圖咬我。,you will have something worth,Prepared with,once picked up,③___________ my friends and relations, I decided to sei

14、ze the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.由于朋友和親戚的敦促,我決定抓住這次機會把我的發(fā)明送到專利局去,請他們對我這次成功的思路給予認可。④Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is

15、some jelly, which freezes_______________.在碗內(nèi)外側(cè)有一些果子凍,冷卻時他們凍得很結(jié)實。⑤__________________,it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.由于具有良好的穩(wěn)定性,在橋梁設(shè)計中,它被證明是極其有用的。,Pressed by,when cooled,Being very stable,3．部分倒裝①Only

16、after you have had that recognition _____________ that you are truly an inventor.只有獲得了認證,你才可以說是一個真正的發(fā)明者。②Nor ________________a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from

17、everyone else’s.直到做了調(diào)查后發(fā)現(xiàn)你的產(chǎn)品確實與眾不同,這時你才會獲得專利。 4．so...that...引導結(jié)果狀語從句The criteria are ______________it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(評定)專利標準是很嚴格的,除非新的想法真是新穎的,否則很難被接受。,can you say,

18、will you receive,so strict that,[單元語法]過去分詞1．Greatly moved by the movie,________.A．tears came to the audience’s eyesB．the audience could hardly hold back tearsC．tears could hardly be held backD．the audience’s eyes w

19、ere filled with tears解析：選B?？疾榉侵^語動詞。過去分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語要和句子的主語保持一致,此處moved為move的被動形式,意為“被感動”,即觀眾被電影感動得流淚了。,2．(2013·河南省六市高中畢業(yè)班聯(lián)考)Any packet ________ properly will not be accepted by the post office.A．not to addressB．not

20、 being addressedC．not addressedD．not having addressed解析：選C。考查非謂語動詞。寫地址與包裹之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動。,3．(2013·河北省高三教學質(zhì)檢)The GPS,originally ________ by the U．S.military, covers the whole world.A．developing　　　B．to be devel

21、opedC．developed D．having developed解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意：最初由美國軍隊研制的全球定位系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在覆蓋了全世界。the GPS 與develop之間是被動關(guān)系,故用“developed by the U．S.military”這一過去分詞短語作后置定語。,4．(2012·北京海淀二模)The average Facebook user in the United States h

22、as 245 friends,according to a study______in February.A．publishing B．publishedC．publish D．to publish解析：選B。句意：據(jù)二月份發(fā)表的一份研究表明,美國普通的Facebook用戶有245個朋友。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。a study和publish之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,因此用過去分詞作定語。,5．(2013·北京東

23、城一模)________equal opportunities,both Frank and Billy may accomplish the task.A．Given B．GivingC．To give D．To be given解析：選A。句意：如果被提供給同等的機會,Frank和Billy也許都能完成這項任務(wù)。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。主語“both Frank and Billy”與give為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,故排

24、除B、C兩項;D項表示目的,不合句意,故被排除。,[單詞精研]1. convenient　adj.便利的;方便的;就近的(教材P20)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.他們突然一下子就消失在附近的墻洞里去了。,歸納拓展,①(牛津P436)A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns

25、.在城鎮(zhèn)騎自行車常常比開車更方便。② Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.只要你方便,隨時過來看我。 ③(朗文P441)Being able to pay bills over the Internet is a real convenience.能通過因特網(wǎng)支付賬單確實非常方便。④(朗文P441)I’ll call in two weeks to arrange a

26、 meeting at your convenience.我會在兩周后打電話來把會議安排在您方便的時候。,2. distinguish vi.& vt.辨別;顯示……的差別;使……有所不同(朗文P588)The twins are so alike,it’s difficult to distinguish one from the other.這對雙胞胎太像了,很難分辨出誰是誰。歸納拓展(1)distinguis

27、h between...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……distinguish oneself (as...)(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出(2)distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的be distinguished for sth....以……而著稱,①(牛津P580)At what age are children able to distinguish b

28、etween right and wrong?兒童到什么年齡才能明辨是非？②As far as I know,she has already distinguished herself as an athlete.據(jù)我所知,作為運動員她已享有盛名。③Distinguished for its magnificent church towers,the city is an attraction to visitors from a

29、ll over the country.以其宏偉的教堂建筑而聞名遐邇,這座城市吸引了來自全國各地的游客。,3.bear (bore,borne)　vt.忍受;忍耐;負擔;生育(2012·高考江西卷·閱讀表達)You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point.你可以選擇任何你喜歡的主題.但關(guān)鍵

30、的一條你必須牢記于心。歸納拓展(1)bear to do/doing sth.忍受做某事bear sb.to do sth.容忍某人做某事(2)can’t bear/stand/tolerate doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事(3)bear/keep...in mind記住bear a heavy burden 肩負重擔,①(2012·高考廣東卷·閱讀理解C) I was a teena

31、ge girl, and I couldn’t bear people to look at me and think I was not like them.作為一個少女,我無法忍受人們看著我,覺得我跟他們不一樣。②I can’t bear people smoking while he’s eating.我無法忍受人們吃飯時吸煙。③You must bear it in mind that your parents hope

32、to depend on you to become a good doctor.你要記住你的父母指望你成為一名好醫(yī)生。④Reasonable as the opinion sounds,it cannot bear the test through analysis.雖然這個觀點聽起來有道理,但是它經(jīng)不住分析。,4. associate　vt.聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系　n．同伴;伙伴(2012·高考遼寧卷·七選五)The

33、 first step to making friends is associating with other people.交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人聯(lián)系。,①(牛津P104)He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.在公眾的心目中,他總是和恐怖電影緊密聯(lián)系在一起。②Closely associated with this development

34、 is the beginning of the case method of teaching and study.與這一發(fā)展緊密相連的就是案例教學和研究的興起。③You must bear it in mind that you should never associate with bad companions.你必須要牢記千萬別和壞人交往。④We are working in association with a loc

35、al company to raise money for the homeless.我們聯(lián)合一家當?shù)氐墓?為無家可歸的人籌款。,5. expectation　n．預(yù)料;期待;期望(教材P21)This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. 　這是為了防止蛇再次咬人。歸納拓展(1)beyond/out of expectation 出乎意料in ex

36、pectation of 預(yù)料,期望,指望in the expectation that... 預(yù)計,期望……(2)live/come up to one’s expectations 不負所望;達到期望,①We know that Mary will do well, but she have succeeded beyond expectation.我們知道瑪麗會做得不錯,但沒想到她竟取得了出乎意料的成功。②If you w

37、ould give me another chance,I believe I can come/live up to your expectation.如果你再給我一個機會,我相信我能達到你的期望。③People buy a home in the expectation that its price will continue to rise strongly overtime.人們懷著憧憬購置房產(chǎn),憧憬其價格將繼續(xù)強勁地上揚下

38、去。,[跟蹤訓練]Ⅰ.完成句子1．Believe it or not,I ___________________________________(羨慕你卓越的成就)．2．_________________________________________(你方便幫我)take my luggage upstairs?3．He wished to forget everything ________________________

39、___(跟過去的生活有聯(lián)系)and start a new life.,admire your distinguished achievements,Would it be convenient for you to help me,associated with his former life,4．I _____________________________(再也不能忍受痛苦),if it continues I’m going t

40、o take my own life.5．Please give him lots of love _________________________(而不是過高的期望);otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.6．He’s too young to _____________________________(明辨是非),and needs your guidance.,can

41、’t bear the pain any longer,instead of high expectations,distinguish right from wrong,Ⅱ.單項填空1．(2012·鹽城二模)In order to achieve high grades and________yourself in any examinations,there are certain things you must do.

42、A．distinguish　　　　　B．distributeC．bury D．promote解析：選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：為了取得高分和在任何考試中都能表現(xiàn)突出,你必須做一些特定的事情。distinguish oneself表示“表現(xiàn)突出”,符合句意。,2．—Why did Bob cry?—He couldn’t bear________like that before the whole class.A．making

43、 fun of B．being made fun ofC．to be laughed D．being made fun解析：選B。動詞bear后跟v.-ing形式或動詞不定式作賓語,且此處應(yīng)該使用被動形式。若選C,應(yīng)改為：to be laughed at。3．I can’t stand ________with Jane in the same office.She just refuses ________talking

44、 while she works.A．working;stopping B．to work;stoppingC．working;to stop D．to work;to stop解析：選C。stand 作“忍受,容忍”講時,后跟動詞­ing 形式; refuse 后跟動詞不定式作賓語,所以C項正確。,4．—When would it be __________ for you to go to the scien

45、ce museum with me?—I am free this Friday afternoon.Let’s meet at 2 p．m.at the school gate.A．familiar B．pleasantC．necessary D．convenient解析：選D。本題考查形容詞convenient的用法。convenient“方便的,適宜的”,故選D。,5．As far as the American

46、children are concerned,the Christmas is _________ with excitement,happiness and gifts.A．a(chǎn)ssociated B．getC．deal D．satisfied解析：選A。句意：對于美國的孩子來說,圣誕節(jié)與興奮、幸福和禮物連在一起。associate“聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系”,be associated with“與……聯(lián)系”,符合題意。be sati

47、sfied with“對……感到滿意”;其余兩項搭配不當。,[短語精釋]1. call up　給……打電話;使……回憶起(教材P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.我給住在鄉(xiāng)下的母親打電話的時候,她感到很心煩。歸納拓展call back　　　召回;回電話;收回處理call on/at 拜訪(

48、on后跟人;at后跟地點名詞)call for 要求;提倡;為……叫喊call in 召集;召來;來訪call off 取消;延期,①When I was going home to India last year,I called up my mother to ask if she wanted anything from China.去年在我回印度的途中,我打電話問我媽媽是否想要我從中國帶些東西給她。②Tha

49、t picture calls up memories of a holiday I had when I was a child.那張照片使我回憶起兒時一個假期的情景。③(2012·高考北京卷·閱讀理解D)This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.這個話題需

50、要的不僅是自由表達思想,同時也需要理性的指導。,④The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day.教育部呼吁學生每天鍛煉一個小時。⑤(朗文P274)The game was called off because of the bad weather.比賽因天氣惡劣被取消。,2. get through 設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通

51、電話);(設(shè)法)做完;通過(2011·高考大綱全國卷·閱讀理解E)She found writing helped her get through the rough days.她發(fā)現(xiàn)寫作幫助她度過了那些艱難的歲月。 歸納拓展get across 被理解;使人了解get away with被放過;(做壞事)不受懲罰get down to (doing) sth.開始認真地做某事get in touch

52、with與……取得聯(lián)系get on/along well with...與……相處得好,進展順利get over爬過……;克服(困難);從……中恢復過來,①(朗文P868)When she finally got through,the manager wasn’t there.當她終于打通電話時,經(jīng)理卻不在那兒。②(朗文P868)Are you willing to stand by him and get him throug

53、h this difficult time?你愿意支持他,幫助他度過這段困難時期嗎？③“She’s anxious to get across that there are things in the papers that are wrong.”he says.“她很想讓大家知道,報紙上的有些報導是失實的。”他說。,④For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away wit

54、h a fine.他犯了那么嚴重的過失,卻僥幸只交罰款了事。⑤If we can get over present difficulties,then everything should be all right.如果我們克服了目前的困難,那么一切都應(yīng)該好起來。,[跟蹤訓練]Ⅰ.選詞填空now and then；set out；dive into；hang on；get through；call up1．Your lette

55、r ________________the days when we worked together on the farm ten years ago.2．If you________________for a while I will go and see if I can find your mother.3．—Have you finished your homework yet?—Not yet,I___________

56、___ to do it just a few minutes ago.,called up,hang on,set out,4．It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to ________________many hardships and survive.5．The beggar ____________his pocket and took out sever

57、al coins.6．The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window _______________.,get through,dived into,now and then,Ⅱ.單項填空1．—Please forgive me to________you________so late,but I have something urgent.—T

58、hat’s all right.What’s the matter?A．call;by B．call;offC．call;in D．call;up解析：選D?？疾槎陶Z辨析。call up給……打電話。句意：——請原諒我這么晚給你打電話,但是我有急事?！獩]關(guān)系,什么事？call by順路來一下;call off取消;call in順路(到某處或某人的家)。,2．(2013·湖北襄陽四中高三月考)A well-wr

59、itten composition ________a good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A．calls on B．calls forC．calls up D．calls off解析：選B。句意：一篇好的作文需要選詞準確,結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。call on/upon 訪問(人),號召,要求; call for要求,需要,叫(某人)來; cal

60、l up 召喚,使想起, 提出, 打電話給;call off 放棄, 使轉(zhuǎn)移走,取消。,3．(2013·湖北省荊州中學高三第一次質(zhì)檢)After that, he knew he could ________ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.A．get away with B．get on withC．get through

61、 D．get across解析：選C。句意：在那之后,他明白了只要盡他最大的努力去做他就能夠渡過任何意外。get away with僥幸逃脫,做(壞事)不受懲罰;get on with與……相處;get through穿過,完成,渡過;get across使……被理解。,4．—Have you________？—No.I had the wrong number.A．got in B．got awayC．got off

62、 D．got through解析：選D。句意：——你打通電話了嗎？——沒有,我撥錯號碼了。get in進入,抵達,收獲;get away走開,逃脫;get off(從……)下來,出發(fā),下班,逃脫懲罰;get through完成,度過,通過,講清楚,打通電話。,[句型精析]1.(教材P20)Prepared with some research findings,I decided on three possible approac

63、hes：...有一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)作準備,我決定了三種可能的方法：……[句法分析]Prepared with some research findings為過去分詞短語作狀語,相當于謂語動詞為被動的狀語從句,該動作和主句的主語之間存在著邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。,①Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks more beautiful.＝When it is seen from the top o

64、f the hill,the park looks more beautiful.從山頂往下看,這座公園看起來更加漂亮。②Encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.由于受到所取得進步的鼓舞,他工作更努力了。,2.(教材P25)“Foll

65、ow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.”“跟隨它,在它的周圍探索,那么在你知道它之前,你將有值得考慮的某些東西占用你的大腦?！盵句法分析]祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If...,＋主句祈使句＋or＋陳述句＝If...not...,＋主句

66、名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句,①Work harder and you will succeed in your studies.＝If you work harder,you’ll succeed in your studies.＝Working harder,you will succeed in your studies.如果你更加努力學習,在學習上你就會成功。②Study hard,or/otherwise you’ll

67、fail in your exams.認真學習,否則你會考試不及格。＝If you don’t study hard,you’ll fail in your exams.如果你不認真學習,你考試會不及格的。③It is really very dangerous.One more step,and the baby will fall into the well.真危險。再多邁一步,這個小孩兒就掉進井里了。,[跟蹤訓練]1．

68、(2011·高考遼寧卷)Bring the flowers into a warm room __________ they’ll soon open.A．or B．a(chǎn)ndC．but D．for解析：選B。句意：把這些花搬進一間暖房,它們很快就會開放。本題考查“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”這個特殊句型.該句型中的祈使句相當于if引導的條件狀語從句。本句還可改為：If you bring the flowers int

69、o a warm room,they’ll soon open.。,2．(2012·高考湖南卷)Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ the door of faith open before you.A．saw B．have seenC．will see D．a(chǎn)re seeing解析：選C?？疾椤捌硎咕洌玜nd＋簡單句”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：關(guān)閉你身后的恐