[雙語翻譯]--外文翻譯--綠色采購和供應(yīng)商管理（epsm）理論與實踐（節(jié)選）

1、2500 單詞， 單詞，14500 英文字符， 英文字符，4150 漢字 漢字出處： 出處：Tate W L, Ellram L M, Dooley K J. Environmental purchasing and supplier management (EPSM): Theory and practice[J]. Journal of Purchasing Environmental supplier; Sustainabil

2、ity; Content analysis; Corporate sustainability reporting1. IntroductionBusiness leaders (World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD), 2007), government (Brown, 2008), special interest groups (Deutsch, 2

3、008), and managerial educators (Christensen et al., 2007) are all calling for increased attention to the environmental performance of businesses. Historically, both researchers and practitioners have considered the fi

4、rm’s requirement to minimize its environmental impact as part of a firm’s corporate social responsibility, and thus researchers theorized that firms had responsibility for the environment out of ethical obligation (Des

5、Jardins, 1998; Zadek, 1998). Today there is growing recognition that there are explicit linkages between a firm’s environmental practices and its overall business performance (Klassen and Whybark, 1999; Zhu and Sarkis,

6、 2004; Reuter et al., 2010; Hollos et al., 2012). In a survey conducted by AT Kearney and the Institute for Supply Management (ISM), 60% of the participants had a documented corporate level sustainability strategy (IS

7、M, 2007). Many organizations also view sustainability as an opportunity to enhance brand promises and build goodwill amongst environmentally conscious consumers (Cooling, 2007). Thus, firms are increasingly engaging in

8、 environmental practices not just because it is the ‘‘right’’ thing to do, but also because it provides a means to either minimize costs or increase revenues.In the unusual situation of full vertical integration, a fir

9、m’s environmental impact is completely within its own control. In reality, many of the firm’s operations are outsourced to suppliers, which implies that the firm’s aggregate environmental impact also depends on the en

10、vironmental impacts of the members of its supply network. In 2010, the total cost of materials made up about 59%3 of the value of the firm’s revenue in the U.S. manufacturing sector (U.S. Census Bureau, 2009). To the e

11、xtent that outsourced or purchased materials and implementation of practices, and how research in the area compares to practice. EPSM is defined here as the integration of environmental criteria into the selection of su

12、ppliers and distributors, and the buyer’s subsequent requirements and evaluations of suppliers related to that supplier’s environmental performance. There are several benefits forthcoming from this research. First, con

13、tent analysis of the environmental reports provides in- depth information on current practices in EPSM that the reporting companies view as being of greatest interest. Second, this research provides a comprehensive st

14、ate of the literature on EPSM. Prior reviews of the environmental sustainability literature like those mentioned above have focused on the broader area of supply chain management, rather than the more focused area of E

15、PSM. Thus, this research uses multiple methods and data sources to triangulate the conclusions, providing a more balanced and holistic perspective. Research using multiple sources of evidence has been called for in le

16、ading supply chain journals (Boyer and Swink, 2008; Carter, 2008).2. Managing the green supply chain: current researchIn order to understand the current state of EPSM research, a systematic literature review in the styl

17、e outlined by Denyer and Neely (2004), Crowther and Cook (2007) and Kitchenham and Charters (2007), and executed by Carter and Easton (2011) and Gold et al. (2010) is performed. Please see Appendix 1 for the detailed d

18、escription of the data gathering and content analysis process and Appendix 2 for a list of articles included as part of the analysis. The purpose of this assessment of the literature was to better understand what types

19、 of supplier-related environmental purchasing practices were discussed in the literature, so an inclusive approach to identifying scholarly articles was used.The first 100 entries for each of the key word combinations

20、shown in Table A1 were assessed. Researchers scanned approximately 33,000 entries searching for articles that focused on the natural environment and included the word supplier in the abstract or as a key word. The ini

21、tial search yielded over 5000 articles, of which 279 appeared to be potentially relevant. Of these potentially relevant articles, the analysis process revealed that 126 of the 279 articles mentioned ‘‘supplier’’ or rel

22、ated terms in only a peripheral way, but did not actually pertain to supplier related issues beyond a mention. The remaining 152 articles are discussed in the sections below.2.1 Publication patternsTable 1 provides a s

23、ummary of the major subject area and outlets where the articles have been published, shown in broad categories. This table illustrates that few journals have published more than two environmental articles related speci

24、fically to environmental supplier issues. Relatively few articles dealing with issues related to the supplier in the environment have been published in premiere quality journals, as defined by the Financial Times lis

25、t (Financial Times, 2012). The vast majority of such articles have been published in a relatively equal mix of environmentally oriented journals, international journals, and journals not included on the Financial Time

26、s list.The topic of green EPSM has received the most attention, followed by investigations of supplier involvement in EPSM and green supplier selection and supplier management. A related topic that is just beginning to

27、 emerge is requiring suppliers to follow codes of conduct. Four areas are tied including stakeholder influence, modeling, purchasing’s role and performance impacts which were around 11% each of the articles studied. Th

28、e modeling articles were included as a separate category because the nature of the research was very different: applying specific modeling tools to generally hypothetical problems, rather than researching current or p