[雙語翻譯]外文翻譯--馬來西亞公司董事會獨立性與會計穩(wěn)健性

1、2100 英文單詞， 英文單詞，1.2 萬英文字符，中文 萬英文字符，中文 3600 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Amran N A , Manaf K B A . Board Independence and Accounting Conservatism in Malaysian Companies[J]. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014, 164:403-408.Boar

2、d independence and accounting conservatism in Malaysian companiesNoor Afza Amran, Kamarul Bahrain Abdul ManafAbstractThis paper examines the relationship between board independence and accounting conservatism among Malay

3、sian companies in year 2000 until 2012. What triggers the researchers to carry out this study is that studies found that the implementation of Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance to Malaysian companies has created a h

4、igher confidence level to investors and enhances the company’s image. Further, one of the elements of good corporate governance is the board independence. However, few studies discuss on accounting conservatism. It is ar

5、gued that accounting conservatism is an effective mechanism to address the agency problem. Based on the findings, interestingly, this study found that higher board independence does not align with higher conservatism. In

6、stead, the independent non-executive directors do not actually have the power of ‘independence’, monitoring and advising the board of directors.Keywords: Board independence, accounting conservatism, Malaysia.1. Introduct

7、ionThe Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance was issued in March 2000. It marked a significant milestone in corporate governance reforms in Malaysia. The Code became effective through the revamped Listing Requirements o

8、f the KLSE in January 2001. Since the release of the Code, the Malaysian corporate scene has made significant strides in corporate governance standards. Later a revised version of the Code was released in 2007. The key a

9、mendments to the revised Code were aimed at strengthening the board of directors and audit committees, and ensuring that the board of directors and audit committees discharge their roles and responsibilities effectively.

10、 The KLSE-PricewaterhouseCoopers Corporate Governance Survey 2002 found that the reform in Malaysia is headed in the right direction. The survey results indicate that 93% of the investors surveyed felt that Malaysia’s st

11、andard of corporate governance has improved since the introduction of the Code in 2000.Corporate governance complements conservatism in facilitating contracting in that it promotes conservatism to be adopted in financial

12、 reporting (Fama Beekes, Pope, Fan Ahmed Ahmed Lara, Osma Weisbach, 1988; Byrd Craven Abdul Rahman Ahmed Lim, 2011). Based on the arguments above, we hypothesize that:H1: Higher proportion of independent non-ex

13、ecutive directors lead to higher accounting conservatism for companies.3. Research method3.1 SampleThis study uses the company annual reports and financial database from year 2000 to 2012 in gathering the necessary infor

14、mation for 866 companies except for banking and other finance related companies. Year 2000 to 2012 were selected because researchers want to examine the pre (2000 &2007) and post (2012) effect of MCCG.The data on com