[雙語翻譯]鋼結構外文翻譯--鋼結構在高溫下的行為

1、2400 英文單詞， 英文單詞，1.3 萬英文字符，中文 萬英文字符，中文 3650 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：B?etu G, G?l??anu T F, B?etu S A. Behavior of Steel Structures under Elevated Temperature[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2017, 181: 265-272.Behavior of Steel Structures u

2、nder Elevated TemperatureGeorgeta Baetu, Teofil-Florin Galatanu, Sergiu-Andrei BaetuAbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the damages of an industrial steel building affected by a fire event. The author’s m

3、ain objectives are to identify different types of damages produced by fire to the building structure and nearby built environment, highlighting the idea that nowadays the fire safety must be seen as a sustainable practic

4、e. The presented research is based on a case study regarding the damages of an industrial steel building subjected to fire. Structural design of buildings exposed to fire requires the achievement of two main objectives;

5、the first one is to reduce the loss of life and the second one regards the load bearing resistance of the building for a specified period of time. The behavior of steel structures under elevated temperature can be assess

6、ed using both numerical simulations and experimental studies. There are a lot of studies regarding the behavior of multistorey steel buildings under fire conditions and progressive collapse mechanisms. Unfortunately, lit

7、tle information regarding the industrial steel buildings subjected to fire can be found. Analyzing the behavior of single storey steel buildings at elevated temperatures, it can be conclude that not always the collapse o

8、f an element leads to the collapse of the entire structure. A correct expertise of the damage level of steel structures exposed to fire, in order to identify the elements which can be kept and which have to be replaced,

9、in most of the cases lead to a lower consumption of materials and financial resources.Keywords: fire safety; sustainability; industrial steel buildings; non-destructive tests; computational analysis.1. IntroductionStruct

10、ural design of buildings exposed to fire requires the achievement of two main objectives; the first one is to reduce the loss of life and the second one regards the load bearing resistance of the building for a specified

11、 period of time [1, 2]. The main drawback of steel structures remains the sensitivity to elevated temperatures due to the rapid loss of strength and stiffness [5]. The thermal expansion of the materials at elevated tempe

12、ratures has a great contribution to the failure of the elements. Elevated temperatures excite the electrons at the atomic level of any material and force the atoms to move to a lower energy state and change orientation o

13、f atomic planes, leading to dimensional changes of the elements.In Romania, data regarding the safety design of steel structures exposed to elevated temperatures is given by the national standard SR EN 1993-1-2. The info

14、rmation presented in this code can be used to find out if and how long a steel structure is able to resist, loaded and in safety conditions, to fire action. The Eurocode 1 Part 2 [1] describes the approaches used for the

15、 calculation of the thermal action produced by fire on structures. The effects of fire are given using three different representations, such as the temperature-time equations, the zone models and the localized models [12

16、, 13 and 14]. For a fully developed fire, the temperature-time curves are usually used to represent the action of the fire. The temperature-time equations presented in Eurocodes describe the evolution with time of a uniq

17、ue temperature produced by fire in the environment, in which the structure is located [4].Fig. 2. The complete burning of paint layer on the steel structural elementsPost-fire analysis of steel member^ geometry in terms

18、of elongations and deformations can also provide information regarding the damage level. Tide [10] had categorized steel members subjected to elevated temperatures in three categories. First category includes strength me

19、mbers, unaffected by fire exposure and members with small strains hard to detect by visual observations. Category 2 covers members with visible deformations which can be straighten by heating, while in category 3 are mem

20、bers badly distorted with high deformations, where the replacing is a rational solution in comparison with the repairing. Elevated temperatures can lead to excessive deformations of steel members because of buckling and

21、lose of load bearing capacity (fig. 3), but also can produce local transversal or longitudinal cracks as can be seen in figures 4 and 5.High temperature affects the value of many engineering properties of steel, such as:

22、 yield, Young’s modulus, toughness, corrosion resistance, creep and relaxation.Regarding the non-destructive testing, the hardness test of structural steel surface seems to be the most recommended. This test can give inf

23、ormation about the changes that occurs as a consequence of heating and cooling of structural steel during fire exposure.The elevated temperatures can produce metallurgical degradations of grain structure of steel, degrad