法學(xué)外文翻譯---解讀未成年人保護(hù)法

1、<p>　　Interpretation about the protection of minors</p><p>　　First chapter general rule </p><p>　　first in order to protect minor's physical and moral integrity, safeguards minor's

2、legitimate rights and interests, promotes the minor in aspect full scale developments and so on the personal character, intelligence, physique, trains into them has the ideal, has the morals, the literacy, has the discip

3、line socialism enterprise successor, according to the constitution, formulates this law. </p><p>　　Second article this law called the minor is does not refer to the reach 18 year-old citizens. </p>&l

4、t;p>　　The third article country, the society, the school and the family carry on the ideal education, the moral education, the culture and education, the discipline and the education in respect for the law to the mino

5、r, carries on the patriotism, collectivism and the internationalism, the communism education, advocated loves the motherland, the love people, the love works, the love science, the love socialism social ethics, opposes t

6、he capitalism, feudalism and other decayed thought corrosion. </p><p>　　Fourth article protects minor's work, must follow the following principle: </p><p>　　(1) Safeguards minor are legitim

7、ate rights and interests; </p><p>　　(2) Respects the minor the personal dignity; </p><p>　　(3) Adapts the minor body and mind development characteristic; </p><p>　　(4) Education

8、and the protection unify. </p><p>　　The fifth article country safeguards the minor the person, the property and other legitimate rights and interests frees from aggression. </p><p>　　The protect

9、ion minor, is State agency, the armed forces, the political party, the social group, the enterprise enterprise organizes, the city and countryside basic unit mass character autonomous organization, minor's guardian a

10、nd other grown-up citizen's common responsibility. </p><p>　　To encroaches upon the minor legitimate rights and interests the behavior, any organization and individual all is authorized to advise against

11、, to stop or proposes the reporting or the accusation to the department concerned. </p><p>　　The country, the society, the school and the family must educate and help the minor utilize the legal method, defe

12、nds own legitimate rights and interests. </p><p>　　The central committee and place all levels of State agency must complete the minor in respective scope of official duty to protect the work. </p><

13、;p>　　The State Council and the province, the autonomous region, the municipality people's government according to the need, takes the organization measure, the coordinated department concerned completes the minor

14、to protect the work. </p><p>　　The Communist Youth League, the Women's Federation, the trade union, the youth federation, the students' federation, the pioneer youth and other related social group, a

15、ssist all levels of people's government to complete the minor to protect the work, defends minor's legitimate rights and interests. </p><p>　　All levels of people's government and the department

16、concerned to protect the minor to have the remarkable result organization and individual, gives the reward. </p><p>　　The second chapter family protects </p><p>　　The parents or other guardians

17、must fulfill legally to minor's guardianship responsibility and the foster duty, does not have to maltreat, to abandon the minor; Must not discriminate against the feminine minor or have the disabled minor; Prohibiti

18、on drowning of new-born babies, abandoned baby. </p><p>　　Parents or other guardians must respect minor the right to receive and education, must cause the minor of age to accept the compulsory education acco

19、rding to the stipulation, does not have to cause the minor who accepts the compulsory education in the school discontinues studies. </p><p>　　Parents or other guardians must by the health thought, the conduc

20、t and the suitable method education minor, guide the minor to carry on the beneficial physical and moral integrity the activity, prevents and stops the minor to smoke, the excessive drinking, roam about as well as gather

21、s in groups to gamble, takes drugs, the prostitution.</p><p>　　Parents or other guardians do not have to permit or force the minor to marry, does not have to work out the engagement for the minor. </p>

22、<p>　　Parents or other guardians do not fulfill the guardianship responsibility or the violation by the guardianship minor's legitimate rights and interests, must undertake the responsibility legally. </p&g

23、t;<p>　　The parents or other guardians have the down payment to arrange in order the behaviors, does not change after the education, the people's court may act according to the concerned personnel or unit cond

24、emned’s application, abolishes its guardian's qualifications; According to general provisions of the civil law 16th stipulation, separate definite guardian. </p><p>　　The third chapter school protects &l

25、t;/p><p>　　School to have to implement national comprehensively the educational policy, carries on the moral education, the intellectual instruction, sports, the esthetic education, the reeducation-through-labo

26、r as well as the social life instruction and the puberty education to the underage student. </p><p>　　The school must care about, cherish the student; To the conduct vicious, the study have the difficulty st

27、udent, must educate, the help patiently, does not have to discriminate. </p><p>　　School must respect the underage student to educate the power, does not have to dismiss the underage student at will. </p&

28、gt;<p>　　School, the kindergarten teachers and administrators must respect the minor the personal dignity, does not have implements the corporal punishment to the underage student and the child, in disguised form

29、the corporal punishment or other insult personal dignity behavior. </p><p>　　School does not have to cause the underage student in to endanger the personal safety, the health school building and in other edu

30、cation teaching facility moves. </p><p>　　Any organization and individual does not have to harass the teaching order, does not have to invade, to destroy the school the location, the house and the equipment.

31、 </p><p>　　School and the kindergarten arrange the underage student and the child participate in collective activities and so on the assembly, cultural entertainment, social practice, must be advantageous to

32、 minor's health growth, prevented has the personal safety accident. </p><p>　　Delivers the minor according to the national related stipulation who the reform school accepts the compulsory education, the

33、reform school must to it carry on the ideological education, the culture and education, the work technical education and the vocational education. </p><p>　　Reform school's teachers and administrators mu

34、st care about, the loving care, the respect student, do not have to discriminate, to detest and reject. </p><p>　　Kindergarten must complete the care, the educational work, promotes the baby in aspects and s

35、o on physique, intelligence, personal character to develop harmoniously. </p><p>　　The fourth chapter society protects </p><p>　　The national encouragement social group, the enterprise enterpris

36、e organization and other organizations and the citizen, development many kinds of forms is advantageous to the minor health growth social activity. </p><p>　　All levels of people's government must create

37、 the condition, the establishment and the improvement suits the active place and the facility which the minor culture life needs. </p><p>　　Museum, the memorial hall, the science and technology museum, the c

38、ultural building, the theater, the stadium (hall), places and so on zoo, park, must be open to the elementary and middle school students preferential benefit. </p><p>　　Country units and the writer, the scie

39、ntist, the artist and other citizens and so on encouragement news, publication, broadcast, movie, television, literary arts, the creation or provide are beneficial in the minor health growth work</p><p>　　Bu

40、siness ballroom and so on is not suitable the place which the minor moves, the concerned department responsible for the work and the operator must take the measure, does not have to allow the minor to enter. </p>

41、<p><b>　　解讀未成年人保護(hù)法</b></p><p>　　第一章 保護(hù)未成年人的一般規(guī)則</p><p><b>　　第一篇</b></p><p>　　首先，為了保護(hù)未成年人的身心健康,維護(hù)未成年人的合法權(quán)益,促進(jìn)未成年人在方面全面發(fā)展等品德、智力、體質(zhì)、使他們進(jìn)入他們有理想、有道德、有文化、有紀(jì)律的

42、發(fā)展軌道，我們要保護(hù)未成年人的健康發(fā)展。</p><p><b>　　第二篇</b></p><p>　　本法所稱(chēng)未成年人是指沒(méi)有年滿(mǎn)18歲的公民。</p><p><b>　　第三篇</b></p><p>　　國(guó)家、社會(huì)、學(xué)校和家庭要對(duì)未成年人進(jìn)行理想教育、道德教育、文化教育、紀(jì)律教育并且在法律

43、上要尊重未成年人。我們要尊重為未成年,要對(duì)未成年人進(jìn)行愛(ài)國(guó)主義、集體主義和國(guó)際性、共產(chǎn)主義的教育,提倡愛(ài)祖國(guó),愛(ài)人民,愛(ài)的作品,愛(ài)科學(xué)、的公德,反對(duì)資本主義的、封建主義的和其他的腐朽思想的腐蝕，提高他們對(duì)于社會(huì)的深刻認(rèn)識(shí)。</p><p><b>　　第四篇</b></p><p>　　在保護(hù)未成年人的工作中,我們一定要遵循以下原則:</p><p

44、>　　(1)要切實(shí)保障未成年人的合法權(quán)益;</p><p>　　(2)要保護(hù)到未成年人的身心健康;</p><p>　　(3)要適應(yīng)未成年人身心發(fā)展的特點(diǎn);</p><p>　　(4)教育和保護(hù)要互相結(jié)合。</p><p><b>　　第五篇</b></p><p>　　國(guó)家要保障未成年人、

45、財(cái)產(chǎn)和其他合法權(quán)益,不侵犯未成年人的一切合法權(quán)益，同時(shí)也打擊一切危害未成年人財(cái)產(chǎn)、健康和阻礙未成年人身心健康發(fā)展的一切行為。</p><p>　　保護(hù)未成年人,也是國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)、武裝力量、政黨、社會(huì)團(tuán)體、企業(yè)組織、城鄉(xiāng)基層群眾性自治組織的責(zé)任，社會(huì)各個(gè)階層要履行自己的義務(wù)，確保未成年人發(fā)展的環(huán)境良好，一切按秩序發(fā)展。我們要?jiǎng)訂T全社會(huì)的力量去保護(hù)未成年人地健康發(fā)展，因?yàn)槲闯赡耆舜砹藝?guó)家的未來(lái)，我們要明確自己的責(zé)任，加

46、緊保護(hù)工作的進(jìn)程，同時(shí)要使全社會(huì)都要?jiǎng)訂T自己的力量履行保護(hù)的責(zé)任。保護(hù)未成年人不僅使未成年人的監(jiān)護(hù)人的責(zé)任，也是其他成年公民的共同責(zé)任。</p><p>　　對(duì)侵犯未成年人合法權(quán)益的行為,任何單位和個(gè)人都有權(quán)打擊阻止，提出反對(duì),使其停止或提出控告給相關(guān)的部門(mén)。</p><p>　　國(guó)家、社會(huì)、學(xué)校和家庭必須教育和幫助未成年人利用法律手段,維護(hù)自己的合法權(quán)益。要支持未成年人要危害自己合法權(quán)益

47、的行為提出控告和賠償。</p><p>　　中央和地方各級(jí)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)必須在各自的職責(zé)范圍內(nèi)的竭盡所能地完成未成年人的保護(hù)工作。</p><p>　　國(guó)務(wù)院和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府根據(jù)需要,采取一系列的措施,協(xié)調(diào)有關(guān)部門(mén)做好未成年人保護(hù)工作。</p><p>　　中國(guó)共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)、婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)、工會(huì)、青年聯(lián)合會(huì)、學(xué)生聯(lián)合會(huì)和其他有關(guān)社會(huì)團(tuán)體,在需要的時(shí)候要協(xié)助各級(jí)人

48、民政府完成未成年人的保護(hù)工作,幫助其維護(hù)未成年人的合法權(quán)益。</p><p>　　各級(jí)人民政府和有關(guān)部門(mén)對(duì)保護(hù)未成年人有效果顯著的組織和個(gè)人,可以給予一定的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。</p><p><b>　　第二章 家庭保護(hù)</b></p><p>　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人必須履行自己的責(zé)任和義務(wù)，在法律上要盡到未成年人監(jiān)護(hù)人地責(zé)任，有義務(wù)培養(yǎng)、教育未成年人,不

49、得虐待、拋棄未成年人,不得歧視女性的未成年人或有殘疾地未成年人;禁止父母或其他監(jiān)護(hù)人將嬰兒溺水、遺棄。一旦發(fā)生這種行為，要嚴(yán)肅追究其刑事責(zé)任，嚴(yán)厲打擊該犯罪行為。</p><p>　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人必須尊重未成年人權(quán)利接受和教育的權(quán)利,一定要嚴(yán)格服從義務(wù)教育的規(guī)定,對(duì)于達(dá)到入學(xué)年齡的未成年人要使其受到教育，不得剝奪未成年人受教育的權(quán)利，同時(shí)九年的義務(wù)教育是家長(zhǎng)及其監(jiān)護(hù)人要保障的未成年人一定一要享受到的權(quán)利。學(xué)

50、校不得隨意開(kāi)除九年義務(wù)教育中的學(xué)生，對(duì)于高中的學(xué)生，學(xué)校要慎用開(kāi)除，不得推卸教育的未成年人的責(zé)任，不得隨意將未成年人推向社會(huì)。社會(huì)各個(gè)階層要互相幫助，互相監(jiān)督，確保從未成年人的健康發(fā)展。</p><p>　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人必須要按照健康的思想、行為準(zhǔn)則和適宜未成年人健康發(fā)展的方法,引導(dǎo)未成年人教育未成年人進(jìn)行有益身心的活動(dòng),防止未成年人吸煙,,過(guò)度飲酒,流浪以及吸毒、聚眾賭博等一切不良惡習(xí)，防止其走上違法犯罪

51、的道路。</p><p>　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人不得強(qiáng)迫未成年人工作、結(jié)婚，不得侵犯未成年人的自由和隱私，要保護(hù)未成年人的自尊和隱私，要尊重未成年人，不得隨意打罵以及出現(xiàn)家庭暴力，家庭成員要關(guān)心愛(ài)護(hù)未成年人，關(guān)懷未成年人。</p><p>　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人不履行監(jiān)護(hù)職責(zé)或者侵害被監(jiān)護(hù)未成年人的合法權(quán)益,必須承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的法律后果，自己負(fù)法律責(zé)任。</p><p>

52、　　父母或者其他監(jiān)護(hù)人危害未成年人的行為的,經(jīng)教育后并沒(méi)有改變的，人民法院可以根據(jù)有關(guān)人員或者有關(guān)單位的申請(qǐng),要廢除有關(guān)其監(jiān)護(hù)人的資格;根據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)民法通則》的一般規(guī)定明確的規(guī)定,獨(dú)立16日監(jiān)護(hù)人。</p><p>　　學(xué)校必須關(guān)心,珍惜在校的學(xué)生;行行為不端的，學(xué)習(xí)上有障礙的學(xué)生,都必須抓緊教育,幫助其健康發(fā)展，并且要耐心指導(dǎo),一視同仁。</p><p>　　學(xué)校必須尊重未成年學(xué)

53、生的教育，要合理行使自己的職權(quán)不得隨意濫用權(quán)力上海未成年人，阻礙未成年人的健康發(fā)展。老師不僅要在教學(xué)上關(guān)心學(xué)生，并且要對(duì)學(xué)生一視同仁，不得教唆同學(xué)歧視行為上有偏差，成績(jī)上不太優(yōu)秀或者是生理上心理上有缺陷的未成年人學(xué)生。一旦老師有危害未成年人合法權(quán)益的行為，甚至是老師體罰侮辱學(xué)生，不僅學(xué)校要對(duì)其嚴(yán)肅處理，還要嚴(yán)厲追究其刑事責(zé)任，承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的法律后果。</p><p>　　學(xué)校、幼兒園教師和管理者必須尊重未成年人的人格

54、尊嚴(yán),不得實(shí)行體罰對(duì)未成年學(xué)生和兒童,變相體罰或其他侮辱人格尊嚴(yán)的行為。未成年人的心理發(fā)育尚不成熟，沒(méi)有健全的心智承擔(dān)心理上生理上的創(chuàng)傷，所以我們要注意自己對(duì)待未成年人時(shí)的態(tài)度以及言行，要考慮未成年人的承受能力，不得隨意打擊未成年人，傷害未成年人。</p><p>　　學(xué)校要定期檢查鑒于設(shè)備以及學(xué)校的相關(guān)設(shè)施，確保未成年人的安全，以免發(fā)生以外，學(xué)校要根據(jù)未成年人的成長(zhǎng)開(kāi)設(shè)相關(guān)課程，盡自己的能力使未成年人健康發(fā)展。

55、</p><p>　　任何組織和個(gè)人不得擾亂教學(xué)秩序,不得侵犯、毀滅這學(xué)校的場(chǎng)地、房屋和設(shè)備。一旦出現(xiàn)這樣的行為，法律一定會(huì)追究其責(zé)任。保護(hù)未成年人的教育環(huán)境也是我們保護(hù)工作的重中之重，因?yàn)槲闯赡耆说谋Ｗo(hù)問(wèn)題不僅針對(duì)于未成年人自身，也需要保護(hù)相關(guān)的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境。</p><p>　　學(xué)校和幼兒園安排未成年學(xué)生和兒童參加集體活動(dòng)等總成、文化娛樂(lè)、社會(huì)實(shí)踐,必須有利于未成年人的健康成長(zhǎng),防止有人身

56、安全事故的發(fā)生。</p><p>　　根據(jù)國(guó)家相關(guān)規(guī)定，未成年人必須接受學(xué)校的九年義務(wù)教育,學(xué)校必須對(duì)未成年人進(jìn)行思想教育、文化教育、德治教育，不可偏廢其一，不得一味追求升學(xué)率或者是學(xué)生的成績(jī)而對(duì)未成年人不利，要抓緊未成年人的各項(xiàng)教育工作，確保未成年人健康全面的發(fā)展，成為德智體健康發(fā)展的國(guó)家棟梁。</p><p>　　學(xué)校的老師和管理者必須關(guān)心、愛(ài)護(hù)、尊重學(xué)生,不得歧視學(xué)生,不得拒絕教育學(xué)

57、生，要履行教育工作者的職責(zé)，充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)心和耐心的教導(dǎo)未成年人，使未成年人在一個(gè)健康的環(huán)境下得到教育，健康成長(zhǎng)。</p><p>　　教育機(jī)構(gòu)，不論是學(xué)校還是幼兒園，都必須鍛煉未成年人的的體質(zhì)，保護(hù)其健康發(fā)展，使其擁有良好而健康的體魄，鍛煉未成年人。</p><p><b>　　第四章 社會(huì)保護(hù)</b></p><p>　　國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)團(tuán)體、企業(yè)的企

58、業(yè)組織和其他組織和公民,開(kāi)展多種多樣的有利于未成年人健康成長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)活動(dòng)鍛煉未成年人，使其健康發(fā)展。</p><p>　　各級(jí)人民政府必須竭盡所能地創(chuàng)造條件,建立場(chǎng)地添加設(shè)備豐富未成年人的文化生活,學(xué)校也要經(jīng)常開(kāi)展各種文娛活動(dòng)豐富未成年人的課余生活，學(xué)校也可以開(kāi)展不同的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)鍛煉未成年人的學(xué)習(xí)能力、探索能力，將未成年人培養(yǎng)成具有探索精神的國(guó)家棟梁。</p><p>　　博物館、紀(jì)念館、科技

59、館、文化建設(shè),談判者,體育場(chǎng)(廳)等場(chǎng)所 ，包括動(dòng)物園,公園,必須保持開(kāi)放的小學(xué)和中學(xué)學(xué)生的優(yōu)惠。對(duì)于涉及未成年人的發(fā)展的活動(dòng)，要鼓勵(lì)組織未成年人參加，并且要更多的開(kāi)展一系列的活動(dòng)豐富未成年人的生活，開(kāi)拓未成年人的視野，幫助未成年人陶冶情操，鍛煉自己。</p><p>　　國(guó)家單位和作家、科學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家和其他公民等鼓勵(lì)新聞、出版、廣播、電影、電視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、創(chuàng)造或提供有益于未成年人健康成長(zhǎng)的工作，要加強(qiáng)未成年人的