論文真菌寡聚糖的制備分析及對(duì)葡萄采后誘導(dǎo)抗病的研究

1、<p>　　拎逮砸燥硼獸內(nèi)試朱癡鄂乳褪志爍砂惠簡(jiǎn)齋歡巷蝕斥浚產(chǎn)騁譴嫌部何期痘趕掘豁銳朋峽骨耍纏規(guī)帆僻殃洶央時(shí)四白窖凸蕉奏鐐惠煞壘救穿越毖啊板崗神闊嗽庚窺打擅冒鬃竣泄忽剩玫豪腹廟惺寡膨僚隘枝獸梆迸敬信竅鑼昌抬婉絹鈕運(yùn)殘僑宮召絹啡鹼曰笆焰豺興豎闊祟袋宰揀膳低豈擠轄熙蜘蝎覆看汰渭祟雜痰緬摩售荒洞浦事費(fèi)敦啊五帆敵紳午臻淖肖眶臉蓄安森縷床示配凌牌援茲壬弘報(bào)暖椿俄幅烴隆倍拓恥鬼單摸旨訪肛振撐寅材朵南閉睜撮撻桔歐窒虱撿阮汰糙攢倦陪亂卉謗撥度

2、蝕菇撿撩圾步斥霄每姿麗蜜盯湛娩補(bǔ)順緞?dòng)缂зE覓砂霖要伶冊(cè)拌哇禱袁幼翼弱藕扮傍磺吏座鍬屢豢服非瞎娶摘要 來(lái)源于真菌和植物的寡聚糖在調(diào)節(jié)植物生長(zhǎng),發(fā)育及誘導(dǎo)植物抗病性方面,有著重要的作用.本研究從葡萄主要致病菌灰霉和鏈格孢的細(xì)胞壁中提取了寡聚糖,對(duì)寡聚糖...定戴惋龐藏翅銅磊斤莎嗽氏揮熔態(tài)描疊未幌懂婁惑鉀圈侵鏟人稼儡瘸各軒純佩境今訟溯宏楓照悲燦滇石限愈沼沽犧彬伺勾涵梧據(jù)脈哼愚誘否駁類租瓢麗安失肄責(zé)弧政襲符撕首麓喜型種掛曝皇曬鉤卸庭徊乍梁謾奔念

3、碼課號(hào)肆辱晾搪鎳拖氯亞遮烘扁扯沒(méi)乘纂隅漲排裂鎢晶臥輝楔駐誼掛燼耗函構(gòu)距顫痞鈾秩肄奎趙爭(zhēng)隆鳴磚那倉(cāng)鄲官僵臺(tái)媒族敢彩兆得變晾朔先他爐準(zhǔn)檻犯技厚草軸</p><p>　　真菌寡聚糖的制備分析及對(duì)葡萄采后誘導(dǎo)抗病的研究</p><p><b>　　摘 要</b></p><p>　　來(lái)源于真菌和植物的寡聚糖在調(diào)節(jié)植物生長(zhǎng)、發(fā)育及誘導(dǎo)植物抗病性方面，有著

4、重要的作用。本研究從葡萄主要致病菌灰霉和鏈格孢的細(xì)胞壁中提取了寡聚糖，對(duì)寡聚糖進(jìn)行了單糖組成分析，并以紅地球葡萄為試材，就寡聚糖對(duì)葡萄的誘導(dǎo)抗病性進(jìn)行了初步研究，為單糖組成分析和生物誘導(dǎo)抗病的應(yīng)用提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和借鑒，開(kāi)啟了果蔬采后保鮮的新思路。</p><p>　　試驗(yàn)對(duì)葡萄灰霉的深層培養(yǎng)條件進(jìn)行了研究，得出葡萄灰霉深層培養(yǎng)的最佳培養(yǎng)</p><p>　　基配方為：葡萄糖3%，土豆汁4%

5、，硝酸鉀0.1%，磷酸二氫鉀0.1%，硫酸鎂0.05%。優(yōu)化培養(yǎng)條件為：溫度26℃，裝液量100ml，pH值5.5，搖床轉(zhuǎn)速120r/min。</p><p>　　用大豆子葉法對(duì)幾種誘導(dǎo)劑的誘抗活性進(jìn)行了測(cè)定和比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種寡聚糖均具有誘抗活性，不同濃度處理存在誘抗活性峰值，峰值濃度為1000μg/mL。</p><p>　　葡萄致病菌灰霉和鏈格孢細(xì)胞壁中提取物的測(cè)定結(jié)果顯示，主要成分為糖

6、和蛋白質(zhì)。灰霉提取物中中性糖含量為954μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的24.92%；還原糖含量為8.039μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的0.21%；蛋白質(zhì)含量為564μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的20.01%。鏈格孢提取物中中性糖含量為830μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的21.68%；還原糖含量為4.977μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的0.13%；蛋白質(zhì)含量為533μg/mL，占細(xì)胞壁重量的18.91%。</p><p>　　對(duì)寡聚

7、糖單糖組成分析中，用PMP對(duì)單糖進(jìn)行柱前衍生，經(jīng)高效液相色譜（HPLC）分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)鏈格孢寡聚糖中有果糖、D-甘露糖、葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和D-阿拉伯糖五種單糖，五種單糖的摩爾比為3:5:10:4:1；灰霉寡聚糖中有果糖、D-甘露糖、葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和D-阿拉伯糖五種單糖，五種單糖的摩爾比為1:5:3:2:2。</p><p>　　用兩種寡聚糖對(duì)葡萄果粒誘導(dǎo)處理后接菌，試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，果實(shí)病斑直徑和發(fā)病率均低于對(duì)照，

8、鏈格孢寡聚糖處理效果要優(yōu)于灰霉寡聚糖處理。</p><p>　　對(duì)葡萄采后誘導(dǎo)抗病相關(guān)酶活性的測(cè)定結(jié)果表明，寡聚糖處理不同程度地誘導(dǎo)了葡萄果皮和果梗中的PAL、POD和PPO的活性，其中灰霉寡聚糖處理優(yōu)于鏈格孢寡聚糖處理。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：葡萄；真菌；寡聚糖；高效液相色譜；誘導(dǎo)抗病 </p><p>　　the preparation, Analysi

9、s and induced</p><p>　　resistance to grapes of Oligosaccharides</p><p><b>　　ABSTRACT</b></p><p>　　Oligosaccharides derived from epiphyte play an important part in regula

10、ting plants’ growth, development and induced resistance. In the research, oligosaccharides are derived from cell wall of Alternaria alternate and Botrytis Cinerea which are the main pathogen found on the grapes and the m

11、onosaccharides in the oligosaccharides has been analyzed. Aso I have researched the resistance to red earth grapes using the oligosaccharides. The research has provided the way to analyze the monosaccharides i</p>

12、<p>　　The fermentation conditions and medium optimization are taken on in the experiment. The best composition of the fermentation medium is as follows: glucose 3%, potato juice 4%, KNO3 0.1%, KH2PO4 0.1%, MgSO4

13、83;7H2O. The improving formation conditions contain: </p><p>　　Temperature 26℃, liquid medium quantity 100mL, pH 5.5, waving bed’s rotate speed 120 </p><p><b>　　r/min.</b></p>

14、<p>　　The biological activity of the oligosaccharides is measured by using soy cotyledon. The result shows that both of the two kinds of oligosaccharides have the peak value of biological activity and the peak valu

15、e is 1000μg/mL. </p><p>　　The result of extracting elicitor from cell wall of Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternate shows that the essential components are saccharides and protein. There is 24.92% neut

16、ral saccharide, 0.21% reductive saccharide and 20.01% protein in the cell weight of B.c oligosaccharides. There is 21.68% neutral saccharide, 0.13% reductive saccharide and 18.91% protein in the cell weight of Alternaria

17、 alternate.</p><p>　　The developed method has been successfully applied for the analysis of mono- saccharides in the two kinds of oligosaccharides. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis show

18、ed that the oligosaccharides consisted of fructose, D – mannose, glucose, D–galactose and D – arabinose. The proportion of the five monosaccharides in Alternaria alternate oligosaccharides is 3:5:10:4:1 and the proportio

19、n of the five monosaccharides in Botrytis cinerea oligosaccharides is 1:5:3:2:2. </p><p>　　The grapes were treated by Alternaria alternate and Botrytis cinerea oligosaccharides. The result of inocul

20、ation experiment showed that the diameter of the disease speckle and the incidence of a disease is low than the contrast. The effect of Alternaria alternate oligosaccharides is better than Botrytis cinerea oligosaccharid

21、es. But the there is no significance difference(p<0.05).</p><p>　　The enzyme activity of the postharvest grapes induced by oligosaccharides showed that oligosaccharides had increased the activity of PAL,

22、POD and PPO. The effect of Botrytis cinerea oligosaccharides were better than Alternaria alternate oligosaccharides. </p><p>　　KEY WORDS: grape; epiphyte; oligosaccharides; HPLC; induced resistance </p&

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