廣西龍眼真菌性病害的調(diào)查與研究.pdf

1、廣西大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文廣西龍眼真菌性病害調(diào)查研究摘要根據(jù)近幾年的調(diào)查，共發(fā)現(xiàn)廣西龍眼真菌性病害14種龍眼盤(pán)二抱菌MarssoninadimocarpiQ.WangetC.Y.Lai，其病原菌分別是:假鏈格抱菌Nimbyasp.、細(xì)鏈格抱菌Alternariaalternata(Fr.)keissler、龍眼葉點(diǎn)霉菌P勺llostictadimocarpiC.Y.LaietQ.Wang、龍眼頂多毛飽菌Bartaliniabischoftae

2、NagRaj尖抱鐮刀菌FusariumoxysporumSchlecht、疏毛擬盤(pán)多毛抱菌Pestalotio.spaucisetaSacc、巴拉圭擬盤(pán)多毛抱菌PestalotiopsisparaguerienaisisMaub、桂圓擬莖點(diǎn)霉菌Phomopsisgu妙uanC.F.ZhangetP.K.Chi、龍眼擬莖點(diǎn)霉菌PhomopsislonganaeP.K.ChietZ.D.jiang、龍眼殼二抱菌Ascochytalongan

3、C.F.ZhangetP.K.Chi、龍眼炭疽病菌GloeosporiumfructigenumBerk.、龍眼膠抱炭疽病菌Colletotrichumgloeosporioides(Penz.)Sacc.、龍眼煤煙病菌MeliolaCapensis(K.&C.)Theiss.var.DiplogtidisHansf.MelidanepheliicolaStev.etRold等。其中PestalotiopsispaucisetaSacc

4、.MaubiPhomopsisguiyuanC.F.ZhangetP.K.ChiPhomopsislonganaeP.K.ChietZ.D.jiangAscochytalonganC.F.ZhangetP.K.ChiAlternariaalternata為廣西首次報(bào)道，而文中描述的MarssoninadimocarpiQ.WangetC.Y.Lai和PhyllostictadimocarpiC.Y.LaietQ.Wang為新種，Bart

5、aliniabischofiueNagRaj為國(guó)內(nèi)新記錄種。假鏈格飽菌Nim妙asp.尚需進(jìn)一步鑒定。此外對(duì)Nimbyasp.AlternariaalternataBartaliniabisch動(dòng)ae的部分生物學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了測(cè)定。研究表明Nim妙asp.和Alternariaalternata菌絲生長(zhǎng)溫度范圍均為535C，最適為28CpH值411pH值最適67。兩者的分生飽子在RHi75%5350CpH211的范圍均可萌發(fā)。當(dāng)溫度為280

6、CpH值67時(shí)，抱子在水層中經(jīng)兩小時(shí)即可萌發(fā)，萌芽率最高。但在供試的碳、氮源中，Nimbyasp.可利用的最佳碳源是D一山梨醇，氮源以硝酸錢(qián)基質(zhì)上的菌—止巫左墅型登竺生蘭一一一一一——WangetC.Y.LaiandPhyllostictadimocarpiC.Y.LaietQ.WangwerenewspeciesBartaliniabisch動(dòng)aeNagRajwasnewrecordinChina.Thestudyingonthebi

7、ologicalcharactersofNimbyasp.andAlternariaalternataindicated:Therangeofcolonygrowthbothwas535C，pH411optimumat280CandpH67.Twokindsofconidiagerminateatrangeof1035`C，RH75%pH3一11optimumat28CandpH67.Nimbyasp.uti6zatedcarbonso

8、urcesoptimumatDsorbitoltheoptimumnitrogensourcewasLhistidine.TheoptimumcarbonsourcesofAlternariaalternatewasglycerineandtheoptimumnitrogensourcewasaminoaceticacidBartaliniabisch動(dòng)aeNagRaj:Thecolonygrowthrangewas1535℃，pH51

9、loptimumat25280CandpH79theoptimumcarbonsourceswereArabicgumpowersolubleamylumDseminoseetcnutrateandammomiawerebetterutilizatedasnitrogensource.Conidiumproducedgermtubeinwaterafter12hourslater.Germinationrangewas10350Cand