情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講義

1、第五章第五章情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)(LearningObjectives)Bytheendofthelessonwewillbeableto:acquirethespecialusageofsomemodalverbsinthecontextapplysomegrammarrulesofmodalverbstosolvingtheproblemsinpractice.熱身熱身(Warmingupexercises)1.He__

2、_______havethebookwhenIfinishit.2.They_________finishitbynow.3.Stainlesssteel__________notrust.4.Whenhewastherehe_________gotothatcoffeeshopatthecnerafterwkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)(Keypoints)1.Canco

3、uld⑴can和could還可用于表示對(duì)事情可能性的推測(cè)(常用于否定疑句中)據(jù)說(shuō)我們下周要進(jìn)行期中考試這消息是真的嗎？It’ssaidthatwewillhavethetermexamnextweek.___________________他不可能去了國(guó)外，因?yàn)槲覄倓傇谒霓k公室遇見(jiàn)他。_________________________________________becauseImethiminhisofficejustnow.現(xiàn)在

4、:couldcan’tbe過(guò)去:can’tcouldn’thavedone⑵在肯定句中can還可表示“有時(shí)會(huì)往往”吸煙往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥。_______________________________________.(中譯英)Itcanbeverycoldhereinwinter.________________________________.(英譯中)TheWldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheW

5、ldWideWaitbecauseit_________beveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can⑶與can的一些常用搭配①can’tbutdosth.不得不只好做某事Ican’tbutadmirethetruthofyourremarksalthoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.②can’thelpdoing忍不住做某事Wecouldnthelplaughingwhenwehear

6、dthefunnysty.③can’t與enough連用表示“再……也不為過(guò)Onecannotpracticeenoughwhenlearningafeignlanguage.注：此種用法還可用cannot(或never等否定詞）…too…”表達(dá)Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.=Ican’tthankyoumuchenough.2.Shallshall常用于第一三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)用于二、三人稱(chēng)陳述句中表示意圖、命

7、令、警告、允諾、強(qiáng)制等在法律法規(guī)等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定可譯為“必須應(yīng)該可以”等。ShallhecleantheblackboardfyouTakeiteasy.You_________beofferedajobinthiscompany.Mike_________sparenoeffttostudy.(1)“Theinterest_________bedividedintofivepartsaccdingtotheagreementma

8、debybothsides.”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall(2)ExcusemebutIwanttouseyourcomputertotypearept.You_________havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.school.5.Would(1)表示過(guò)去常常做某事Mygrfatherwouldwalkhisdogaftersupperwhe

9、nhewasingoodcondition.(2)與rather連用，表示寧愿做某事Iwouldratherstayathomethanweroutside.注：注：在wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式虛擬當(dāng)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)的情況，用過(guò)去完成式虛擬過(guò)去的情況。Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou_________anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntilthe

10、yinvestigatethesituation.A.doB.don’tdoC.woulddoD.didn’tdo6.Will⑴用于非人主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示固有性質(zhì)，傾向。Thewindowwon’topen.窗子打不開(kāi)。⑵有時(shí)表示“難免”。Accidentswillhappen.事故難免會(huì)發(fā)生。7.May⑴“Maywell動(dòng)詞原形”意為“很可能”.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotre

11、cognizeher.⑵“maymightaswell動(dòng)詞原形”意為“最好，滿(mǎn)可以，倒不如”。Youmayaswelldoitatonce.⑶may可以用于祈使句，表示祝愿.Mayweneverfgeteachother.8.Need和dare⑴兩者既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作為行為動(dòng)詞。Studentsneedn’tgotoschoolatweekends.=Studentsdon’tneedtogotoschoolatweekends.He

12、didn’tdaretolookatherintheface.=Hedarednotlookatherintheface.⑵Need作為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還可表示“需要”，后接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式或不定式的被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義.Thefloneedssweepingtobeswept.⑶作為行為動(dòng)詞的dare用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句時(shí)，后接不定式，to可省略.Didhedare(to)tellher他敢告訴她嗎Wedon’tdare(to)sayany

13、thing.我們什么也不敢說(shuō).【注】Idaresay是習(xí)慣說(shuō)法，常譯為“很可能”、“大概”、“我想”等.Idaresay(that)youareright.我想你是對(duì)的.Exercises:1WhatstofhousedoyouwanttohaveSomethingbigWellit_________bebig—that’snotimptant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t2.改錯(cuò)Mr.Limustn