英國文學

1、history of British literature,——Enjoy English literature,English literature,When people talk about the British, always feel this is a country full of mystery, there are many celebrities like Newton, Darwin, Stephen Willi

2、am hawking, William Shakespeare, then you know English literature,Let’s see it,person,work,威廉 莎士比亞(William  Shakespeare,1564-1616),,,,,Geoffery Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer (1340?)~ 1400 (the first - couplets lots, th

3、e British literary history writing in London dialect in the first place. John Dryden (John Dryden) called it - the father of English poetry lots. Masterpiece the Canterbury tales.,,Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯賓塞1552~1599 （后人稱之為―詩

4、人的詩人‖。） The poets‘ poet. The first to be buried in the Poet‘s corner of Westerminster Abbey,Social Contract,,Thomas Hobbes,John Locke,Humans are naturally cruel, greedy and selfish.To escape this “brutish” life people e

5、ntered into a social contract.Only a powerful government could ensure an orderly society.Believed only an absolute monarchy could keep a society completely orderly.,Humans are naturally reasonable, moral and goodHuman

6、s have natural rights: life liberty and propertyPeople form governments to protect natural rightsBest government was one with limited powerIf a government violates people’s natural rights, people have the right to ove

7、rthrow government,The Renaissance literature,? the Renaissance literatureThe early years of the nineteenth century)Relative to other European countries, Britain's Renaissance starting late, usually considered to be

8、in 15 The end of the century.Literature and art It advocates people-oriented,In god, against the middle ages? as the center of the worldView, promote positive enterprising, to enjoy life happy life ideal.Thomas mor

9、e Thomas More, 1478-1535? Utopia,Enlightenment Thinkers,John Locke,Baron de Montesquieu,Voltaire,For British culture, we should realize him quietly, his extensive and profound,,Separation of Powers,Baron de Montesquieu

10、: Criticized absolute monarchy and admired British governmentBritish protected themselves from tyranny by dividing powers of government between three branches: legislative, executive and judicial (misconception)Each br

11、anch of government should be able to ‘check’ the other twoWhat government does this sound like?,,,Enlightenment and the Economy,Adam Smith: Free market should be allowed to regulate business activityManufacturing, tra

12、de, wages, profits and economic growth are all linked to the market forces of supply and demandWhere there is demand, suppliers will seek to meet it because there are profits and economic rewards to be hadSmith support

13、ed laissez faire, but also believed that a government had a duty to protect society, administer justice, and provide public works.His ideas lead to very productive economies during the Industrial Revolution (1800’s and

14、1900’s),,,REVIEW QUESTIONS,Who believed that people are naturally cruel and greedy?a) Montesquieub) Hobbesc) Rousseaud) VoltaireWhich of the following is true of the physiocrats?a) They rejected laissez faire in f

15、avor of mercantilism. b) They rejected mercantilism in favor of laissez faire.c) They rejected both mercantilism and laissez faire.d) They focused on social reform.,REVIEW QUESTIONS,Who believed that people are natura

16、lly cruel and greedy?a) Montesquieub) Hobbesc) Rousseaud) VoltaireWhich of the following is true of the physiocrats?a) They rejected laissez faire in favor of mercantilism. b) They rejected mercantilism in favor