2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、樂學(xué)教育繁星縱變智慧永存1HostilitytoGypsieshasexistedalmostfromthetimetheyfirstappearedinEuropeinthe14thcentury.TheiginsoftheGypsieswithlittlewrittenhistywereshroudedinmystery.Whatisknownnowfromcluesinthevariousdialectsoftheirlangua

2、geRomanyisthattheycamefromnthernIndiatothedleEastathousyearsagowkingasminstrelsmercenariesmetalsmithsservants.EuropeansmisnamedthemEgyptianssoonshtenedtoGypsies.Aclansystembasedmostlyontheirtraditionalcraftsgeographyhasm

3、adethemadeeplyfragmentedfractiouspeopleonlyreallyunifyinginthefaceofenmityfromnonGypsieswhomtheycallgadje.TodaymanyGypsyactivistsprefertobecalledRomawhichcomesfromtheRomanywdf“man“.Butonmytravelsamongthemmoststillreferre

4、dtothemselvesasGypsies.InEuropetheirpersecutionbythegadjebeganquicklywiththechurchseeingheresyintheirftunetellingthestateseeingantisocialbehaviourintheirnomadism.Atvarioustimestheyhavebeenforbiddentoweartheirdistinctiveb

5、rightclothestospeaktheirownlanguagetotraveltomarryoneanothertoplytheirtraditionalcrafts.Insomecountriestheywerereducedtoslaveryitwasn’tuntilthe1800sthatGypsyslaveswerefreedinRomania.InmerecenttimestheGypsieswerecaughtupi

6、nNaziethnichysteriaperhapshalfamillionperishedintheHolocaust.TheirhseshavebeenshotthewheelsremovedfromtheirwagonstheirnameshavebeenchangedtheirwomenhavebeensterilizedtheirchildrenhavebeenfciblygivenfadoptiontononGypsyfam

7、ilies.ButtheGypsieshaveconfoundedpredictionsoftheirdisappearanceasadistinctethnicgrouptheirnumbershaveburgeoned.Todaythereareanestimated8to12millionGypsiesscatteredacrossEuropemakingthemthecontinent’slargestminity.Theexa

8、ctnumberishardtopindown.GypsieshaveregularlybeenundercountedbothbyregimesanxioustodownplaytheirprofilebyGypsiesthemselvesseekingtoavoidbureaucracies.Attemptingtoremedypastinequitiesactivistgroupsmayovercount.Hundredsofth

9、oussmehaveemigratedtotheAmericaselsewhere.WithveryfewexceptionsGypsieshaveexpressednogreatdesirefacountrytocalltheirownunliketheJewstowhomtheGypsyexperienceisoftencompared.“Romanestan“saidRonaldLeetheCanadianGypsywriter“

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