高等學(xué)校研究生英語(yǔ)綜合教程上unit-2

1、高等院校研究生英語(yǔ)系列教材,綜合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE,2,,,UNIT 2,ART OF THE TABLE,Culinary Delights in China,Reading Focus,,Reading Focus,,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,(Paras. 2-5),(Paras. 6-11),(Paras. 12-15),① Introduction

2、(Para. 1),Local Chinese cuisines,Sichuan cuisine:__________________________________________________________the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili pepper,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,d

3、elicious yet economical,famous for its spicy and hot food,It is widely acknowledged that from the Ming dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of cuisine based on regional cooking. (Para. 2),school: 學(xué)派Laozi is

4、one of the main works of the School of Taoist.,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Here, each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. (Para. 3),fare: n. 票價(jià)；費(fèi)用；旅客；食物例：1) He could barely a

5、fford the fare. 他幾乎付不起車(chē)費(fèi)。2) For fishers, this is the everyday fare, though not usually for the morning meal as well!這些食物對(duì)漁民來(lái)說(shuō)，雖然都是日常的食糧，但他們自己也甚少在早上享用。,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Guangdong cuisine:with its _

6、__________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________B. famous for _____________________________________

7、_____ __________________________________________C. _____________________________________,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on othe

8、r parts of China and the world,its seafood as well as for its originality and refined cooking processes,offering various soups,Local Chinese cuisines,Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a moderate clim

9、ate and abundant produce all year round. (Para. 4)moderate: (adj.) neither very big nor very small, very hot nor very cold, very fast nor very slow etc 中等的，適度的 moderate exercise 適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)a moderate income 過(guò)得去的收入have

10、 moderate success 大致還算成功at a moderate speed 以適中的速度“produce”, used as a noun, means food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold e.g. fresh local produce 新鮮特產(chǎn) dairy pro

11、duce 奶產(chǎn)品,Reading Focus – Language Point,As one of the earliest ports open to foreign trade, the province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other pa

12、rts of China as well as throughout the world where it is the most commonly available Chinese cuisine. (Para. 4),exert: vt.施加 (影響、壓力); 運(yùn)用 (權(quán)威) ;耗費(fèi) (自己的精力)例： 1) He exerted considerable influence on the thinking of the sc

13、ientific community on these issues. 他對(duì)科學(xué)界在這些問(wèn)題上的思考施加了相當(dāng)大的影響。2) Do not exert yourself unnecessarily. 不要無(wú)謂地耗費(fèi)自己的精力。,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Zhejiang cuisine:A. ___________________B. _______________________

14、_____________,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,light and exquisite,with the refreshing flavors of nature,Local Chinese cuisines,Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yan

15、gtze River. (Para. 5) light: (adj.) food or alchholic drink that is light either does not have a strong flavor or is easy to digest e.g. 1) We had a light white wine with the fish. 2) a light, refres

16、hing dessertexquisite: (adj.) extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精美的 e.g. an exquisite hand-painted vase 精致的手繪花瓶,Reading Focus – Language Point,---but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Han

17、gzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake. (Para. 5),authentic: adj. 真正的，真實(shí)的；可信的例：authentic Italian food. 正宗的意大利食品。 I had obtained the authentic details

18、about the birth of the organization.我已經(jīng)弄到了有關(guān)該組織成立的可靠的詳細(xì)資料,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Every dish has a story,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,Goubuli:A. Goubuli steamed buns ______________________________

19、_____________________________.B. They were _________________________________________________________________________________________. Dongpo Meat:A. ___________________________________, a greatpoet of the Northern S

20、ongDynasty.B. ________________________________________________.,first sold in Tianjin about 150 years ago,so popular that the owner had no time to answer his customers,This dish was named after Su Dongpo,He rewarded wo

21、rkers with stewed pork in soy sauce,It is said that, when he was in charge of the drainage work for the West Lake, Su Dongpo rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauce, and people later named it Dongpo Meat, to comme

22、morate this gifted and generous poet. (Para. 9),reward sb. with sth. : 獎(jiǎng)賞Those scientific and technological personnel have been rewarded with a great sum of money.,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Every dish has a

23、story,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,Buddha Jumping over the Wall:This dish was created in the _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24、___________.B. It is prepared _________________________________.C. ______________________________.,Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu.,with more than 20 main ingredients

25、,A poet wrote a poem for the dish,Buddha Jumping over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of the Qing Emperor, Guangxu (1875-1908). (Para. 11) reign:

26、 (n.) the period of time during which someone is king or queen e.g. changes that took place during his reignreign: (v.) to rule a nation or group of nations as their king, queen, or emperor e.g.

27、George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.,Reading Focus – Language Point,Fragrance spreads to the neighborhood once the lid lifts, One whiff and the Budda jumps the wall, abandoning the Zen precepts. (Para. 11),壇啟葷香飄四鄰，佛聞棄禪跳墻

28、來(lái)。,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Warmth and hospitality expressed by food,,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,Eating habits have not changed.A. The old and young __________________________________.B. Elders _

29、________________________________________________________________________.C. The hostess or host ___________________________________.D. Every one___________________________________________.,sit in order of seniority,se

30、lect food for the young and the young make toasts to the elders,apportions the dishes to treat guests,takes into consideration the needs of the group,The elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to th

31、e elders. (Para. 12) If you make a toast to someone, you drink something in order to thank them, wish them luck etc. e.g. I'd like to make a toast to the bride and groom.,Reading Focus – Language Point,In

32、 China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. (Para. 15) partake of: to eat or drink something that is offered to you e.g. 1) Grandmoth

33、er likes to partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch. 2) Will you partake of a glass of wine?,,,,Reading Focus – Language Point,,Reading Focus – Global Understanding,Special fo

34、od for social festivals:A. __________________________________________________.B. __________________________________________________.C. __________________________________________________.,Jiaozi for the Spring Festival

35、,Yuanxiao for the Lantern Festival,Zongzi for Duanwu Festival,Warmth and hospitality expressed by food,At the Duanwu festival, people eat zongzi, glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves, to commemorate

36、the beloved poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged. (Para. 15),wrong: n. 壞事；不公正 adj. 錯(cuò)誤的；失常的；不適當(dāng)?shù)?vt. 委屈；無(wú)理地對(duì)待；誹謗You wronged him when you sai

37、d that he was dishonest. 你說(shuō)他不誠(chéng)實(shí)是屈了他了。,Reading Focus – Detailed Information,,Text ExplorationTask 2,Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P 43),Reading Focus – Detailed Info

38、rmation,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,C,D,A,B,D,B,B,D,A,B,Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the under

39、lined word in the sentence. (P46),Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,A,B,B,C,B,A,B,C,A,C,T

40、ask 2,1. budA. A blossom develops from a _______.B. In this poem, the _____________ flower means youth.2. accessA. The only _________ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B. Users can _________ their voic

41、e mail remotely.3. tasteA. The medicine had a slightly bitter _________.B. There was a lot of hard work before we first ________ success.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and exp

42、lain its meaning. (P47),Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,bud (n.),budding (adj.),access (n.),access (v.),taste (n.),taste (v.),4. foolA. Katherine was nobody’s _______ when it came to money.B. It’s no good ______

43、___ yourself. He’s not coming back.5. produceA. The factory ____________ an incredible 100 cars per hour.B. We sell tinned goods and local _____________.6. garnishA. They ___________ the room with modern paintings

44、.B. The chicken was served with _____________of parsley and green onion.7. reignA. The Queen ___________ but does not rule.B. The king’s ____________ lasted for 30 years.,Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,fool (

45、n.),fooling (n.),produces (v.),produces (n.),garnish (v.),garnishes (n.),reigns (v.),reign (n.),8. concernA. Environmental protection is a growing ___________ in China.B. He loved his wife, and _____________ for her ha

46、ppiness.9. nameA. The building is __________ after a successful entrepreneur.B. Could I call you by your first _________?10. practiceA. I’ve_____________ playing the piano for five years.B. It is his_____________

47、 to take a walk after dinner every evening.,Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,concern (n.),concerned (v.),named (v.),name (n.),practiced (v.),practice (n.),Task 3,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word fr

48、om the box. Change the form if necessary.,Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,masterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire hand,Cuisine in China is a ha

49、rmonious 1) __________ of color, taste, shape and fragrance. For the cooking process, chefs pick 2) _______ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ the unparalleled and complicated skills 3) _______ down from th

50、eir fathers, always 4) ________ to their ideal of perfection for all the senses. Among the many cooking methods they use are boiling, stewing, braising, frying, 5) _________ , crisping, baking, simmering.,integration,cho

51、ice,handed,aspiring,steaming,When they finish their 6) ___________ they are arranged on a variety of plates and dishes so that they are a real 7) __________ to view, to smell and ultimately to savor. The facility to 8) _

52、________ of these delights is also distinctive—chopsticks! To see even the smallest child eat with such dexterity is quite 9) __________ for many foreigners. The use of two simple sticks in this way is an art in itself a

53、nd chopsticks have determined the way in which Chinese food is 10) __________ at the table.,Reading Focus – Vocabulary in Action,masterpieces,pleasure,partake,amazing,presented,masterpiece integrate partake ste

54、am choiceamaze pleasure present aspire hand,A Cuisine Crisis,Reading More,Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.,Reading More—Global Understanding,piled high in greengrocers’

55、 creative geometrics,oyster,hare, venison, boar,smell and savor,Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.,Reading More—Global Understanding,different and marketable,nutty, fruity impudent,France has c

56、hefs who are interested in good products,France still has peasant agriculture as well as factory farms,Reading More—Global Understanding,Many fruits and vegetables on the outdoor market are imported from foreign countr

57、ies. Gallic talent, taste and technique have been exported all over the world and at the same time, what is mediocre, cheap and popular has been imported.,Reading More—Global Understanding,More and more restaurateurs hav

58、e to cope with red tape, not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.,The “harmonized” value-added taxes benefit fast-food chains while penalizing sit-down rest

59、aurants.,Strict labor laws restrict hiring, firing and temp-work.,Government regulations, for example, CAP, favor quantity over quality.,You can’t even be sure where that boar bit the dust. (Para. 2) bite the dust:

60、 (戰(zhàn)斗中)受傷倒下；倒下死去;一敗涂地，失敗; 受辱，丟臉例：Rowling isn't naming names, but she has said at least two characters will bite the dust . 羅林沒(méi)有指名道姓，但她指出至少有兩個(gè)角色會(huì)大敗。,Reading More – Language Point,The congenial quaintness of the

61、street market, in fact, draws directly on globalization. (Para. 3)congenial:意氣相投的；性格相似的；適意的；一致的She and he were congenial companion in youth. 他和她是竹馬青梅， 志趣相投。In theory, winemakers can defuse the threat by simply

62、 shifting production to more congenial locations. 從理論上來(lái)說(shuō)，只要釀酒商把生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到更適宜的地區(qū)，就能化解這種威脅。draw on: 利用，吸收And we must draw on the lessons of experience. 我們必須借鑒以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。,Reading More – Language Point,Quite litera

63、lly, that is now where a lot of French cooking begins-and, increasingly, where the era of great French cuisine as something truly unique and exclusive to France is slowly coming to an end. (Para. 3) exclusive

64、to:專(zhuān)為…所獨(dú)有；獨(dú)享 The story is exclusive to this newspaper. 這家報(bào)紙獨(dú)家報(bào)道這個(gè)材料。 解釋?zhuān)菏聦?shí)上，現(xiàn)在許多法國(guó)菜發(fā)源于此，而正是這兒卻日 益見(jiàn)證著真正獨(dú)具法國(guó)特色的偉大的法式烹飪時(shí)代正 在逐漸走向消亡。,Reading More – Language Point,From the Napa

65、 Valley to the Thames and Tokyo, non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine. (Para. 4) Paraphrase: Cooks from other parts of the world have learned the highlights of the French cuisine.cra

66、ck: (v.) to solve a complicated problem, or to find the answer to a mystery 解決(難題)；解開(kāi)(秘密) e.g. Detectives believe they can crack the case. 偵探們相信他們可以破這個(gè)案子。,Reading More – Language Point,Meanwhile, what was m

67、ediocre elsewhere—albeit cheap and popular—has been imported. (Para. 4)mediocre: (adj.) not very goode.g. 1) I thought the book was pretty mediocre. 2) He’s a person of mediocre abilities.albeit: (co

68、nj.) although; even if; even though 盡管，即使；縱然 e.g. a peaceful, albeit brief retirement 雖然短暫但卻很平靜的退休生活,Reading More – Language Point,They have become ensnarled in the red tape for which France is infa