黑人音樂與文學

1、西安翻譯學院本科論文11.IntroductionTheblackmusicisanimptantpartofAmericanculturewhichhascontributedtotheculturaldevelopmentoftheUSAevenofthewld.WiththetimepassingbytheblackAmericanmusiccanbedividedintothreedifferentStyles:soulmusi

2、cthebluesJazz.Thefirstonewasestablishedintheperiodofslaveryitbelongstothereligiousmusic.Theslavewholivedwithhardshipdon’thaveenoughtimeffunsotheyhavetousetheirlimittimetoprayfabetterlifestayinginchurchwishingGodcanbringb

3、rightfuturefthem.TherefeitbringstheSoultotheblackreligionmusicofAmerica.Thebluesstartsafterthecivilwarwhentheslaveryabolishedalotofblackslavesweresetfreetheypouredincitiesfromtheirhomecountryside.Unexpectedlytheyweretrea

4、tedwithhardwklowSalarysotheysangsomesongsimprovisationaltoshowtheirbadsituation.ThisistheiginalBluesmusic.ThelastoneJazzistheonlyonebeganfromtheUSA.WithinthelastdecadeofthenieenthcenturyjazzevolvedbutitwasnotcalledJazzig

5、inallyknownasJassappearedinthesouthernU.S.cityofblackwkerslivingarea.TheearliestofearlyNewleansjazzissynonymouswiththecitythisargumentistruthfulbutabitexaggerated.BluesgivesabigimpactonlaterAmericanWesternpopularmusicrag

6、timejazzbluegrassrhythmbluesrockcountrymusicdinarypopsongsevenmodernclassicalmusiccontainsthebluesstyledevelopsfromtheblues.Inthepoemthewdisoftenusedtodescribedepression.Bluesisthetermof“BlueDevil“(Bluedevils)whichmeansl

7、owkeymoodsadnessdepression.GegeColemanbackin1798wroteacomicoperanamedBlueDevilactfarce.In19thcenturythewdwasusedtoindicatethedeliriumtremensthepolice.TheapplicationofthetermintheblackAmericanmusiccanbetracedlongtimeago.T

8、heearliestwrittenrecdofthiswdinmusicisWilliamKristolFuHi’sMemphisBluesin1912.Musicisthekeyfmasfolkart.BlackMusicistheessentialwayasreleasingthepainofthemisery.TobeamainfmofblackmusicBluescreatedundertheoppression，becomes

9、popularamongcrowdoftheblackevenalloverofthewld.It’stheeffectivemethodthatcanturnsrowintoHappinessthestrongshoutthattheblackAmericanpeopletrytosurvivefromit.西安翻譯學院本科論文32.TheviewofbluesWhenwheredidtheBluesstartWhileSofarwe

10、cangetthecertainanswerfromthemusicians.MostexpertsreferthereissomerelationshipbetweenBluesblackAfricanmusictheybelievethatBluescomesfromtheinfluenceofblacksouthernAfricaslave’smusic.19centuryagowhentheseslavesarrivedinso

11、uthofAmericatheycreatedauniquemusicstylefullofbluesadfeelings.FsouthernAfricanstheycanexpresstheirfullemotionbysongs.WhiletherearealsosomepeopleholdthedifferentopinionfexampleJosphMachlis(1906)haswrittenthat“Bluesmusicbe

12、longstooneoftheAmericanmusicwiththeprosodyfm.AsweknownthereisnodirectedconnectiontotheearlyperiodofEuropeanAfricanmusic.”(Han2002:70)2.1TheClassificationTheearliestrecdofBluesbegins1920’s.Bluescanbeclassifiedthreefmsfrom

13、theblackslave’smusictooneofthemostdiversecomplexmusic.ItderivesdifferenttypesinthewldsuchasEuropeanBluesAfricanBlues.TheBluesmusicdevelopsuntiltodaythatisalreadyintegratedtothemainstreammusicrankshismanyelementshavebeenu

14、tilizedintotherockrollthepopmusic.ButtraditionalBluesmusicstillhasthefablestrengththisdomainmusiciansareJohnLeeHookerEttaBakerJuniWellsBuddyGuy.Bluesfanscriticsidentifythreemajtypesofblues:ruralcountrybluescityclassicblu

15、esurbanblues.2.1.1CountryBluesTheearliestperiodofBluesiscalledCountryBluesdeltaBlues.Thisisgenerallysungbyamanoccasionallyblindwhoperfmsonstreetcnerstravelsbetweenblackcommunityeventsplayinganacousticguitar.Sometimesthes